摘要:

AbstractThe investigation of electrode processes calls for the use of methods that yield information on the reaction mechanism and the reaction rate, on the nature and stability of intermediates, and on adsorption processes at the electrode. It is no longer enough to record current‐voltage curves or charging curves. In addition to the potentiostatic scan method, other methods that have proved useful for the investigation of electrode kinetics are the rotating disc electrode in particular, and to a smaller extent AC polarography. Intermediates can be identified with rotating double electrodes and by ESR spectroscopy or mass spectrometry. Adsorption processes on electrode surfaces can be studied by optical methods or by radioactive tracer method

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197406831

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of through‐bond interaction is derived for 1,4‐butanediyl as an example, and changes caused by this effect in the ground state of the system are demonstrated. Spectroscopic methods for the detection of the effect are discussed, and its chemical consequences are illustrated by a number of examp

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197406961

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMerits and drawbacks of known carbon‐carbon linking procedures are outlined. Two novel methods are discussed in some detail: the copper‐catalyzed alkylation of Grignard reagents and reactions with allylpotassium compounds. Both methods provide a very efficient access to saturated, unsaturated, as well as functionally substituted hydrocarbons and moreover permit an astonishing degree of regio‐ and stereoselective control of olefin synt

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407011

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe marker enzyme of the peroxisome—a phylogenetically old yet only recently discovered cell organelle—is catalase, a hemoprotein which decomposes hydrogen peroxide catalatically as well as peroxidatically. In the peroxisomes, catalase is associated with H2O2‐producing oxidases and other enzymes. Also in parenchymal cells such as liver and kidney cells part of the reduction of oxygen occursviaformation of H2O2. A central role in peroxisomal H2O2‐metabolism is played by the active intermediate, catalase‐Fe3+‐H2O2, (Compound I), which is distinguished from free catalase by specific absorption bands. Organ photometry on intact hemoglobin‐free perfused rat liver in order to measure Compound I selectively provides a direct insight into the dynamics of the H2O2metabolism which takes place in the range of nanomolar concentrations. Endogenously, 1g of liver forms approximately 50 nmol of H2O2per min. The turnover number, which in the steady state is108min−1for the isolated enzyme with an excess of substrate, can be increased to approximately 102min−1by intracellular stimulation of the H2O2production (e.g.by glycolate or urate). The peroxidatic oxidation of hydrogen donors (e.g.methanol and ethanol), favored relative to the catalase pathway at low turnover numbers, is of importance in normal metabolism and in path

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407061

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSpecific interactions or recognition processes are extremely important in many fields of chemistry and biology: typical examples are the enzyme‐substrate and the antigen‐antibody reactions. Quantitative predictions require a knowledge of steric fit, intermolecular forces, and molecular size. These considerations should facilitate design of new dr

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407191

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407282

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407301

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407311

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407321

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197407341

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY