摘要:

AbstractThe chemistry of ambifunctional anions is of great importance in organic preparations. Planning of syntheses requires a set of rules correlating structure and selectivity. The concept of allopolarization permits a description of substituent effects on kinetically controlled reactions: the change in selectivity is a function of the change in polarity of the ambifunctional anions. The relative charge densityP= lx/lyserves as “polarity index”; X and Y are the potential sites of reaction. An attempt is made to illustrate the utility of this principle by means of examples taken from various classes of compou

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603211

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHydrozirconation has recently been developed as a procedure for functionalizing alkenes, alkynes, and 1,3‐dienesviaorganozirconium(IV) intermediates. These intermediates react with a variety of electrophilic reagents to give organic products in high yield. Mechanisms of reactions involved in these sequences are discusse

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603331

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of coal hydrogenation processes revealed that, despite a wealth of experience gathered in Germany up to 1945 some of which served as a basis for further work in the USA, there is at present no process available anywhere in the world for the commercial production of oil from coal. Approaches suitable for further development are the noncatalytic one‐step limited hydrogenation and catalytic hydrogenation. Under the most favorable conditions production of oil from coal should become technically feasible some time between the early and mid‐1980's. In view of the price of heavy fuel oil the commercial prerequisites for production of synthetic fuel oil from coal are presumably fulfilled only in those countries with low coal pri

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603411

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis review of the modern chemistry of glass shows that silicate glasses are extremely reactive materials. Compositions, phases, surfaces, and structures can be manipulated in endless variety, and there is no foreseeable limit to the benefits of research in this area.

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603461

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne of the nuisance conditions brought about by the impact of civilization on some regions is the accelerated eutrophication of receiving waters, especially of stagnant waters, owing to the increased supply of plant nutrients from industrial and municipal wastes. To counteract this situation it is recommended that effective measures be taken to reduce the supply of phosphorus and, in part, nitrogen to such waters. Insofar as the supply of these elements stems from communal wastewaters this objective can be achieved by extensive purification. While the most suitable method for removal of nitrogen is nitrification and denitrification, that which recommends itself for the removal of phosphorus is the method of phosphate precipitation, a well established, economic technique which can be employed in existing plant. The success of the measures taken, however, depends to a large extent on achieving wastewater having a very low phosphorus content.

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603541

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603651

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603661

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603671

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603681

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197603691

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY