摘要:

AbstractThe chemistry of the gaseous halide complexes which have been observed in large numbers in recent years is discussed for the example of chlorides.Homo‐complexes—dimeric or polymeric chloride molecules containing chlorine‐bridge linkages [e.g.(NaCl)n,n= 2—4; (CuCl)n,n= 2—5; (BeCl2)n,n= 2—4; Pd6Cl12]—occur through broad areas of the Periodic Table. Comparison of the dissociation enthalpy of such molecules with the vaporization enthalpy of the liquid chlorides is particularly informative.Hetero‐complexesare formed from different chloride molecules by linkage through Cl bridges. Not only 1:1 complexes (e.g.NaAlCl4, TIPbCl3, KThCl5, CdPbCl4, AlUCl8) but also larger molecules (e.g.CoAl2Cl8, CrAl3Cl12, Cu2UCl6, In2UCl10) are known. Types of formulas, structures, and above all the formation enthalpies of such complexes are discussed critically. Hetero‐complexes are useful in chemical transport reactions, as aids in syntheses, and in gas‐chromatographic separations (lanthanoids, actinoids). They also play a part in many industrial processes (chlorination of ores) and in recently developed types of high‐pre

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607131

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe question raised in the title of this progress report is answered point for point with an emphatic “yes”: Ranging from metallic gold,viaclusters of gold atoms in low valence states, compounds of AuI, AuII, AuIII, and AuV, organogold derivatives, ylide and carbene complexes, to the catalytic activity of gold it embraces a long‐neglected area of chemistry holding promise of many a disc

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607281

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHormone receptors are proteins located on the cell membrane or in the cell cytoplasm. Their function is to recognize and bind the respective hormone; the biological action of the hormone originates from the hormone‐receptor complex. Specific receptors have been found for all known hormones. Monitoring the equilibration between hormone, receptor, and hormone‐receptor complex (“determination of receptor binding”) permits quantitative determinations of hormones, allows the characterization of endocrinal disturbances, and contributes to the elucidation of structure‐affinity rela

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607411

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSickle cell hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) contains valine instead of glutamic acid in position 6 of the β‐chain. Few detectable conformational differences exist between hemoglobin S and normal adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A). Following loss of oxygen, sickle cell hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) self associates to form a liquid crystal phase which distorts the erythrocyte into the sickle shape thereby resulting in the clinical symptomology associated with sickle cell anemia. This gel contains deoxyhemoglobin S monomers and polymers in equilibrium. The polymerization process is known to have a negative temperature coefficient, to be pH dependent, and to be extremely dependent on hemoglobin S concentration. The polymerization of deoxyhemoglobin S appears to be entropically driven and occurs in two kinetic phases, a delay period and a rapid polymerization process. The polymer consists of tubules containing six or eight strands of deoxyhemoglobin S tetramers which align with one another. Each strand is would around the tubule with a pitch of about 3000 Å, but the precise nature of the intermolecular hemoglobin S contacts is not known. Subsequent alignment of the tubules occurs and results in the tactoids observed in (S/S) erythrocytes. While many of the details of polymer formation and structure remain to be elucidated, several attempts to chemically alter the sickling phenomenon have been carried out. As yet, however, no satisfactory chemical treatment has been discove

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607491

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607571

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607591

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607602

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607611

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607621

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0570-0833    

DOI:10.1002/anie.197607631

出版商:Hüthig&Wepf Verlag    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY