摘要:

AbstractBenzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoroanthene and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene dissolved in a 1:2 mixture of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and water were administered to two groups of female mice, each group containing 15 mice. The doses were administered orally (via gavage) at the respective rates of 1 and 100 μg kg−1body weight five times per week for a period of 9 weeks. The influence of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined using the following methods: determination of DNA‐PAH adducts, of chromosome injuries (micronucleus test), of induction of repair using the unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) test, and by examination of the DNA structure after nucleoid sedimentation. All the methods investigated provided evidence of a significant effect resulting from exposure to PAHs on the parameters examined. Following chronic exposure to PAHs, the formation of DNA‐PAH adducts and injury to the genetic material, as well as the appearance of micronuclei (micronucleus test), the induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS test) and mutation of the DNA structure (nucleoid sedimentation), were demonstrated. The described methods therefore provide a means for the detection of genetic damage caused by PAH exposure in

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150113

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExposure to cadmium (Cd) is currently monitored by measurement of the metal in blood or urine, or by observation of excreted compounds such as β2‐microglobulin orN‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucose. Whilst these approaches are useful for the detection of acute exposure to Cd, their applicability in the management of long‐term, low‐level exposure is less clear. Metallothioneins are ubiquitous proteins that are synthesized in response to heavy metal ions and may offer themselves as being a biologically sensitive indicator of Cd exposure. We have examined both basal and Cd‐induced metallothionein mRNA levels in cultured lymphocytes from groups with different exposures to Cd, attempting to assess their potential as an indicator of Cd exposure and the suitability of such an assay for routine analysis. We found that induced metallothionein mRNA levels, rather than basal mRNA levels, increased in groups known to have received elevated body burdens of Cd, although these increases were not significant between groups. There was, however, a significant correlation between induced metallothionein mRNA levels and urinary β2‐microglobulin. These results suggest that further work on thein vitrolymphocyte response to Cd as a diagnost

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150114

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMale and female Syrian Golden hamsters breathed respirable (<10 μm) cross‐linked polyacrylate dust (0.3, 1.0 or 10 mg m−3) for 6 h a day, 5 days per week for 28 exposures and were then held for 42 and 46 weeks. The animals appeared healthy during and immediately following the exposure; there were no differences in body weight at any dose, nor were there any deaths.Foreign material was detected in the lungs 42 and 46 weeks post‐exposure. There was a slight increase in alveolar macrophages, which appeared to be dose related, and there was a slight increase in inflammatory cells at the highest dose. There was no evidence of fibrosis in any group either 42 or 46 weeks post‐exposure.The first animal (male, control) died 12 weeks post‐exposure and mortality increased from 21 weeks post‐exposure. The deaths were not dose related but were distributed equally across all groups and appeared to be part of the normal mortality patterns for hamsters.These results indicate that repeated exposure of Syrian Golden hamsters to low concentrations of cross‐linked polyacrylate dust in particle sizes capable of reaching deep lung structures does not cause pulmonary fibrosis at a later time in the life‐cycle. When combined with our earlier results, these data indicate that the test material is continuously cleared from the lung following termination

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150115

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150116

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150117

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0260-437X    

DOI:10.1002/jat.2550150102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY