摘要:

&NA;Radiotherapy is a standard postoperative treatment for cerebral glioma. We have observed the onset of symptoms related to brain necrosis, as opposed to recurrent tumor, in surviving patients. This has been manifest as dementia with a computed tomographic pattern of low density in the frontal lobe uninvolved with tumor, but within the field of radiotherapy. Two patients presented with mass lesions also unrelated to recurrent tumor. We question the necessity of full brain irradiation and suggest that radiotherapy techniques be altered to target the tumor and not encompass the entire brain. (Neurosurgery18:67‐74, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A case of posttraumatic meningioma with pathological evidence of intimate association with a nidus of chronic inflammatory reaction is presented. The literature regarding the controversial association of trauma with this neoplasm is critically reviewed. Although meningiomas are not common sequelae of head trauma, it is proposed that they may arise when the injury results in chronic inflammation. (Neurosurgery18:75‐78, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Haemophilus influenzaemeningitis in the presence of a cerebrospinal fluid shunt has been reported uncommonly.Staphylococcus aureusandStaphylococcus epidermidis,the most common etiological agents, are usually acquired by contiguous spread from an intraoperative or perioperative source. These infections usually occur within 2 months of shunt insertion and are rarely associated with bacteremia. Review of the literature shows that infection withH. influenzaetypically occurs later than with the more common pathogens, is commonly associated with bacteremia, and frequently can be treated with antibiotics alone. (Neurosurgery18:79‐81, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Bilateral blindness secondary to a recurrent hemangiopericytoma of the pituitary fossa in a 22‐year‐old man was corrected by the transsphenoidal implantation of a single high activity iodine‐125 seed. (Neurosurgery18:82‐84, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A case of a giant congenital cellular blue nevus of the scalp of a newborn with focal areas of malignant melanoma is presented. The nevus was associated with focal invasion of the underlying soft tissues, calvarium, epidural space, and dura mater. The later appearance of pigmented nevi in the submandibular region, sternocleidomastoid muscle, and testicular hydrocele raises the question of future metastases despite the nonmalignant microscopic appearance. Therapy consisted of total excision with cranioplasty and rotation and split skin grafts after temporary closure with silicone mesh. (Neurosurgery18:85‐89, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A 77‐year‐old man presented with a 4‐year history of progressive dysphagia to the point that he could no longer swallow solid foods. During the past several months, he had developed dysphonia. Cervical spine x‐ray films demonstrated massive anterior degenerative osteophytic spurs between C‐3 and C‐7. Evaluation with barium swallow and cervical computed tomography demonstrated esophageal and laryngeal compression. Resection of the anterior osteophytes resolved the dysphagia and dysphonia. (Neurosurgery18:90‐93, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;An adult case of intracerebellar hematoma with a definite capsule is presented. The hematoma is thought to have been enlarged by repeated hemorrhages inside the capsule, with consequent progressive neurological symptoms. Intracerebellar hematoma does not always disappear by absorption. On the contrary, it may expand, and symptoms and signs similar to those of cerebellar tumor may subsequently develop. The authors propose that the expanding intracerebellar hematoma is a possible clinicopathological entity with a definite capsule comparable to that of chronic subdural hematoma. (Neurosurgery18:94‐96, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The authors report a case of a gunshot wound to the left lower quadrant of the abdomen in a patient who initially was neurologically intact. The bullet had lodged at the T‐11, T‐12 level in the spinal canal. After an exploratory laparotomy, the patient developed severe low back pain radiating to his left lower extremity and an incomplete footdrop. Repeat x‐ray films and a myelogram showed that the bullet had migrated to the L‐4, L‐5 level on the left. Bullet emboli and delayed sequelae of gunshot wounds to the spine are discussed. (Neurosurgery18:97‐100, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Electrocardiographic abnormalities, both morphological and rhythmic, are frequently seen in association with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. These changes, which often reflect subendocardial damage, seem to be caused by hypothalamic stimulation leading to an acute increase in sympathetic tone. As a result, potentially life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias may develop in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. These arrhythmias have responded to sympathetic blocking agents, which may also have a protective effect on subendocardial tissue in this setting. There is no evidence that the prophylactic administration of propranolol or other autonomic blockers significantly alters outcome in these patients. Ultimate morbidity and mortality are clearly related to the degree of intracerebral‐intraventricular hemorrhage and vasospasm. This article reviews experimental and clinical evidence regarding the causes of cardiac abnormalities after subarachnoid hemorrhage, the types of abnormalities most frequently seen, their relationship with subendocardial lesions, and the role of autonomic blockers. (Neurosurgery18:101‐106, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The Beirut terrorist bombing on October 23, 1983, caused 234 immediate deaths and injured at least 112 survivors. Military medical records were available for each casualty; postmortem examination reports were available for each immediate fatality. This represented a unique opportunity to assess type, incidence, treatment, and outcome of neurological injuries suffered in a mass casualty terrorist bombing situation. Three categories of neurological injuries are described: head injuries, spine and spinal cord injuries, and peripheral nerve injuries. The following types and numbers of injuries occurred among the 112 immediate survivors of the explosion: 37 head injuries—28 concussions, 20 scalp lacerations, 13 skull fractures, 6 facial bone fractures, 4 cerebral contusions, 5 dural lacerations, 2 cerebrospinal fluid fistulas, and 2 intracerebral hematomas; 2 spine or spinal cord injuries—1 cervical and 1 thoracolumbar spine fracture associated with neurological deficit; and 9 peripheral nerve injuries—1 facial nerve palsy, 2 brachial plexus palsies, 1 median and 1 radial nerve palsy, and 4 peroneal nerve palsies. Among 234 immediate fatalities, the types and numbers of neurological injuries were: 167 head injuries—93 scalp lacerations, 85 skull fractures, and 24 facial bone fractures; and 22 spine and spinal cord injuries—15 cervical and 7 thoracolumbar fractures. Seven of the 112 immediate survivors died; 4 of these deaths were related to severe head injuries. The treatment and outcome of survivors with neurological injuries is briefly described. One‐third of the immediate survivors who suffered either a scalp laceration or a concussion had a concomitant skull fracture. Causes for the high initial fatality rate among casualties (70%) and the low mortality rate among immediate survivors (6.3%) relative to literature reports of other terrorists bombings and mass casualty incidents are postulated. (Neurosurgery18:107‐110, 1986)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID