摘要:

&NA;We report the case of a head‐injured patient with spontaneous hyperventilation who had recurrent episodes of relative hypoventilation associated with increases in intracranial pressure. Detailed ventilatory studies were performed during the 2nd week after injury. Our findings in this patient prompted us to review the possible mechanisms underlying the observed changes. We suggest that spontaneous hyperventilation in head injury is secondary to a decrease in cortical inhibitory influences on respiratory control mechanisms and that the transient episodes of relative hypoventilation observed in our patient may reflect modified ventilatory responses dependent on the altered state of consciousness. (Neurosurgery,5: 701‐707, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Pneumocephalus developing after a ventriculoatrial shunting procedure is described. This was found to be caused by a defect in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus, possibly secondary to chronically increased intracranial pressure. A review of the pertinent literature revealed only two other similar cases. (Neurosurgery,5: 708‐710, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Trigeminal neuralgia is unique to humans. The most common cause seems to be an injury to the myelin of the trigeminal nerve root entry zone as it extends for several millimeters lateral to the pons. Jannetta has developed an elegant retromastoid microsurgical approach to this region. He has identified a compression‐distortion phenomenon of this nerve root entry zone, usually from an anomalous position of the superior cerebellar artery. Trigeminal neuralgia can also occur in association with multiple sclerosis, when the plaque lies in this same location. The historical evidence for this explanation is reinforced by the electron microscopic demonstration of the plaque in this region in a patient with multiple sclerosis who was suffering from tic douloureux. (Neurosurgery,5: 711‐717, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A case is presented and 10 cases are reviewed in which abscess formation developed in an intrasellar tumor. The diagnosis was made preoperatively or before autopsy in only 1 patient. The mortality rate was greater than 50%. The most common presentation was headache, fever, and visual disturbances with an abnormal sella and sterile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Nonconstant findings included meningeal signs and leukocytosis of the CSF. Trans‐sphenoidal removal of the tumor and drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotic therapy is recommended. (Neurosurgery,5: 718‐722, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The authors present the case report of a patient in whom hypopituitarism, diplopia, and visual field defects were due to eosinophilic granuloma. Radiographic studies were suggestive of a pituitary tumor and subsequent histological evaluation showed replacement of the anterior pituitary by histiocytic cells. Eosinophilic granuloma should be included in the differential diagnosis of an intrasellar mass. (Neurosurgery,5: 723‐725, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;An overview of the current status of various aspects of spinal metastasis, including pathology, diagnosis, and management, is presented. The cell type of the tumor, particularly with reference to its radiosensitivity, seems to be positively correlated with treatment outcome, regardless of the treatment modality. Because pretreatment neurological status also seems to influence prognosis, early identification of spinal involvement in patients at risk is important; therefore, a high index of suspicion in patients known to have cancer is necessary. The most useful warning of impending spinal cord or nerve root compression is spinal or radicular pain, which usually precedes neurological deficit by days to years. An aggressive diagnostic evaluation of pain symptoms is therefore warranted; this should include plain spine films and, in questionable cases, radioisotope bone scan. Myelography should also be considered in any cancer patient with persistent spinal or radicular pain, even in the absence of neurological deficit and certainly if there is any neurological impairment. Therapeutically, radiation and surgery continue as the mainstays of management, whereas steroids and chemotherapy serve as adjuvants. The guidelines for management recommended in this paper are to be viewed as tentative because the ideal treatment for spinal metastasis has not been established. The proposed guidelines are based on an analysis of retrospective studies that suggest that radiotherapy should be the primary mode of treatment and that surgery should be reserved for situations in which radiotherapy fails or where there is bony compression or spinal instability. Cases are presented to illustrate the application of these guidelines. (Neurosurgery,5: 726‐746, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This paper reviews the recent advances in our knowledge of muscle disease. The use of muscle biopsy for diagnosis is discussed. The etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of polymyositis/dermatomyositis are considered. The author discusses the clinical patterns, inheritance, and pathogenesis of progressive muscular dystrophies, especially Duchenne muscular dystrophy; myotonic disorders; glycogen storage diseases; disorders of lipid metabolism; mitochondrial diseases; and congenital muscle diseases. (Neurosurgery,5: 747‐758, 1979)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID