摘要:

&NA;The incidence of aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) has been reported at 2 to 4%. In this paper we report a series of 12 patients with DACA aneurysms diagnosed at various hospitals in the San Francisco area during the past 10 years. The clinical presentation, surgical approach, and anatomical location are reviewed. Comparisons are made between traumatic, mycotic, and berry DACA aneurysms.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The course of intracranial pressure (ICP) over time was studied in 66 hypertensive and/or atherosclerotic patients harboring intracerebral hematomas. Patients with no disturbance of consciousness showed normal or only slightly elevated pressure. Conversely, most patients in deep coma exhibited high pressure with a tendency to rise further no matter what treatment was used. In the remaining patients with intermediate disturbances of consciousness, no definite correlation was found between ICP, clinical condition, and outcome. In all of the patients who underwent operation, the postoperative course of ICP over time was also studied and seemed to depend to a certain extent on the timing of the operation.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;In this communication the authors describe a method for the surgical treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by percutaneous radiofrequency coagulation of Andersch's petrous ganglion. The report is of the initial results in 12 cases, including 1 case of primary glossopharyngeal neuralgia. The usual indication for the procedure is intractable pain due to local neoplasia of the oral area. At the time of operation complementary radiofrequency coagulation of both the gasserian ganglion and the cervical radicular nerves can also be carried out.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Our clinical experience in the management of five paraplegic or quadriplegic patients with subjective complaints and objective findings of autonomic hyper‐reflexia is presented. These five patients had epidural neurostimulation systems implanted percutaneously to regulate intractable spasticity. During a follow‐up period varying from 2 months to almost 2 years, four of the five patients experienced no episodes of autonomic dysfunction with the use of a low frequency, low voltage, square wave pulse output. From their responses and from recent neurophysiological evidence, the potential benefit of percutaneous epidural neurostimulation in the modulation of autonomic hyper‐reflexia without antihypertensive medication is suggested. Further follow‐up of these patients and additional clinical research should be performed to confirm our initial clinical impressions.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The mechanical activity of the anal sphincter can be translated into electrical activity and recorded on graph paper or an oscilloscope. The activity of the anal sphincter may be extrapolated to activity of the external urethral sphincter because both are striated muscles innervated by the pudendal nerve that arises from S‐2, S‐3, and S‐4. Stimulation of these nerves causes contraction of the sphincter muscles, and a deflection of the recording device occurs. This technique was employed intraoperatively in monitoring operations on the conus medullaris and sacral nerve roots in 10 patients with spinal dysraphism (age range, 3 weeks to 15 years). Their diagnoses were tethered conus, 4; lipomeningocele, 3; spinal hamartoma, 1; syringocele, 1; and sacral arachnoiditis, 1. With general anesthesia, and the patient in the prone position, an electrode‐containing anal plug was inserted or two needle electrodes were inserted into the anal sphincter muscle. The electrodes were connected to the electromyography recording stylus of the urodynamic bladder diagnostic unit. During the spinal operation, whenever a structure could not be identified clearly, it was stimulated with the disposable electrical stimulator and, if oscillations of the stylus occurred (indicating contraction of the anal sphincter), the structure was preserved. This technique permitted spinal operations in these 10 patients without changes in neurological or urological function.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Although an association between optic glioma and neurofibromatosis is well recognized, there has been no previous analysis of cases relating the locus of tumor to the presence or absence of von Recklinghausen's disease. This paper presents the results of such an analysis as well as a description of the comparative histology of optic gliomas in patients with and without neurofibromatosis. We conclude that optic gliomas in patients with neurofibromatosis present preferentially as multicentric lesions or as lesions affecting the optic nerve alone without invasion of the chiasm, that these tumors frequently differ morphologically, and that patients with neurofibromatosis and optic glioma may have a clinical course different from that of patients with optic glioma unassociated with neurofibromatosis. Previously published reports are reviewed in light of these observations.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to repetitive flash stimuli were abnormal in 10 patients with documented hydrocephalus. Abnormalities included latency delays, fatigability, and asymmetries. Both latency and wave form disturbances improved in the postshunt period. Clinical progression of the hydrocephalus occurred in several patients, and this correlated well with worsening of the VEPs. We suggest that this noninvasive technique may be valuable in following patients with cerebrospinal fluid shunts, patients with presumed “arrested” hydrocephalus, and patients who are being weaned from their shunts.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Eight normal dogs were studied and then made hydrocephalic (kaolin induced) to demonstrate and compare the use of R131ISA and99mTcDTPA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bulk flow studies. The radioisotopes were simultaneously injected into the CSF space in the cisterna magna of normal dogs and into the lateral ventricles of hydrocephalic dogs after an equal volume of CSF had been removed. The average dose of RISA was 100 μCi, and for TcDTPA it was 7 mCi. A bag of lactated Ringer's solution (500 ml) was used as a control phantom after being injected with the same dose of isotope as used in the animals. Brain scans were obtained with the gamma ray camera at 4 and 24 hours after injection. We used four criteria to evaluate results: clinical state of the animal, CSF ventricular pressures with challenges, percentage of retained isotope in counts per minute, and ventricular size at postmortem examination. The results demonstrate that the amount of isotope retention over 20 hours and the clinical state of the dog are better correlated when RISA is used than when TcDTPA is used. The study indicates that RISA is more reliable than TcDTPA as an indicator of CSF bulk flow in both normal and hydrocephalic dogs.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Canine cerebral arterial segments tested in a tissue bath were found to escape from the vasoconstrictor effects of serotonin, the basilar segments more rapidly than the middle cerebral segments. At low doses (10−9M), serotonin caused a small, prolonged contraction, whereas at higher doses (10−6M), a more forceful phasic response was seen. Verapamil blocked the phasic portion of the response but not the low amplitude sustained portion. Increasing the bath concentration of K+, Ba++, and tetraethylammonium markedly enhanced the constrictor response of low serotonin doses and significantly inhibited escape. Potentiation of the force and duration of vasoactive amine‐induced arterial constriction by small increments of extracellular K+might be important in the prolonged vascular narrowing associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID