摘要:

&NA;Eight infants and children with intracranial primary nonlymphomatous sarcoma were studied clinically and histologically. Treatment consisted of surgical resection and postoperative radiation therapy. Only one patient received chemotherapy. Two patients are alive after 10 years, but the other six patients died 3 to 33 months after operation. Two illustrative cases with neuroradiological, light microscopic, and ultrastructural findings are presented: both cases showed radiological evidence of intracranial arterial encasement by sarcoma and computed tomographic evidence of multifocal lesions. The pertinent literature is reviewed to illuminate the more refined nature of primary sarcomas of the central nervous system. Irrespective of treatment, the majority of the patients had a limited survival and only a few lived longer than 5 years. Total resection seemed to afford the best prognosis, whereas the efficacy of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is indefinite. (Neurosurgery14:529‐540, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Four cases of childhood posttraumatic posterior fossa epidural hematoma diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) are reported. All four patients presented with relatively minor symptoms after sustaining head trauma and returned to normal after evacuation of the hematoma. The pertinent literature concerning posterior fossa epidural hematoma in children is reviewed. The role of CT in the early detection of lesions when the associated clinical symptoms are mild is emphasized. (Neurosurgery14:541‐544, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A new technique for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma by tapping and irrigation was shown by computed tomography to be safe and reliable in 39 patients. The basis for such treatment is discussed in light of the current theories of the pathogenesis of chronic subdural hematoma. (Neurosurgery14:545‐548, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Extreme lateral disc herniation with compression of the nerve root as it exits through the foramen has been a recognized entity for a number of years. Until recently, this diagnosis was made infrequently except at the time of operation. Reported here are 12 cases of root compression from disc herniation at the level of the pedicle or farther laterally in the foramen (extreme lateral disc herniation). Diagnosis and localization of the root compression were determined preoperatively in 11 of 12 cases based on the computed tomographic (CT) scan appearance of the lesion. Myelography was performed in 9 cases and was interpreted as normal in 6 and abnormal in 3 instances. In each of the 3 abnormal studies, the actual abnormality was at a different level than that predicted by the myelogram. The clinical presentations in these patients were not distinct except that a positive straight leg raising test was present in only 7 of 12. Preoperative knowledge of the site of nerve root compression as delineated by CT scanning was essential in planning the operative procedure. It prevented unnecessary exploration of uninvolved levels and directed the surgeon to the far lateral site of the herniation. Illustrative examples are presented. (Neurosurgery14:549‐552, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The feasibility of intracranial surgery in the rat fetus is demonstrated by the use of a microsurgical model. In utero craniotomy and cerebral incision have been performed successfully without compromise of the fetal‐maternal unit. Maternal and fetal survival rates of 95 and 93%, respectively, are reported. Several principles of fetal surgery have been established and are discussed. These include the inhibition of uterine contraction, monitoring of physiological variables, timing of operation, microsurgical technique, and preservation of amniotic fluid. The fetal rat model is amenable to antenatal research because it fulfills certain criteria, including accurately timed pregnancies, littermate controls, inexpensiveness, and animal availability. (Neurosurgery14:553‐556, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;We report a cancer family in which glioblastoma multiforme occurred in each of three successive generations and strictly in the paternal lineage. The pedigree is consistent with an autosomal‐dominant pattern of inheritance, and this conclusion is supported by the incidence of other tumors within the family. Ten of the 23 blood relations of the proband have developed cancers (43.5%), and 5 of these have been breast carcinomas. The clinical importance of the cancer family syndrome is discussed, as is the relevance of genetic factors in the expression of the neoplastic phenotype. (Neurosurgery14:557‐561, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This study examined the effects of ice water caloric stimulation on H‐reflex amplitude in normal subjects and three complete spinal cord‐injured patients. H‐reflexes were obtained by stimulating the tibial nerve at the popliteal fossa and recording the H‐response from the gastrocnemius muscle. All normal subjects who experienced nystagmus or vertigo demonstrated significant augmentation in H‐reflex amplitude with ice water irrigation of the ear canal. In the three spinal cord‐injured patients, there was no significant change of H‐reflex with the ice water stimulus. The results suggest that descending tracts in the anterior spinal cord must be functional to demonstrate caloric augmentation of H‐reflexes. In patients with spinal cord injury, it may be possible to predict the recovery of motor function using this test together with other clinical signs of neurological function. (Neurosurgery14:562‐566, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A 53‐year‐old woman presented with acute meningoencephalitis associated with anterior and posterior pituitary insufficiency. A computed axial tomogram (CT) of the head revealed a suprasellar mass. The meningoencephalitis, presumably of bacterial origin, resolved after antibiotic therapy and, on a repeat CT, the suprasellar mass had disappeared. Five months after the initial illness, the patient's diabetes insipidus had resolved, anterior pituitary function had improved, and there was no sign of the suprasellar mass. The presence of a suprasellar mass in conjunction with acute meningoencephalitis and anterior and posterior pituitary insufficiency should raise the suspicion that the mass is not neoplastic and may be infectious or inflammatory in origin. (Neurosurgery14:567‐569, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Two neonates with tuberous sclerosis and giant cell astrocytomas diagnosed soon after birth are described. During attempted surgical resection of their tumors, both infants developed refractory intraoperative cardiac arrhythmias and died. At autopsy, both patients had multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas rarely present in the neonate, but genetic implications and associated cardiac hamartomas warrant special consideration of these connatal tumors. Surgical considerations suggest that an operative approach to these tumors should be delayed beyond the neonatal period. (Neurosurgery14:570‐573, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;During the last 2 years, we treated three cases of brain tumor that presented with intracranial hemorrhage. Two of the three tumors were metastatic. They presented with hemorrhage into the tumor, but no blood in the cerebrospinal fluid. One tumor was a low grade astrocytoma that presented as subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage in a 15‐year‐old child. It was removed with no neurological sequelae (Neurosurgery14:574‐577, 1984)

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID