ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

THERE IS OVERWHELMING consensus that Harvey Cushing represents the neurosurgeon of the century, at least for the first half of the 20th century. This article explores a variety of factors that led to his preeminent position in the specialty of neurological surgery.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

HARVEY CUSHING BEGAN surgical training with William Halsted at Johns Hopkins in 1896. Cushing joined the Johns Hopkins faculty in 1900 and spent 1 year in Europe in the laboratory of Theodore Kocher. He returned to Johns Hopkins, where he founded neurosurgery as an independent specialty, established the concept of the clinician scientist, discovered the hormonal properties of the pituitary gland and founded endocrinology, introduced intraoperative x-rays into surgical practice, introduced blood pressure monitoring into the operating room, and wrote the first definitive text on neurosurgery. Although there have been many pioneers in our field, Cushing, more than anyone else, developed neurosurgery as a specialty and left a legacy of talented neurosurgeons to develop and expand the field.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

HARVEY CUSHING’S YEARS at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston were marked by the establishment of neurosurgery as a surgical subspecialty. As a clinical neurosurgeon, he performed more than 2000 brain tumor operations in that time and reduced neurosurgical mortality from 50% to only 8%. As a teacher, he trained a whole generation of neurosurgical leaders, created the Society of Neurosurgeons, and indirectly led to the founding of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. As an author, he produced monographs on pituitary adenomas, acoustic neuromas, meningiomas, gliomas, blood vessel tumors, and tumor surgery and won the Pulitzer Prize for his biography of Sir William Osler. As an investigator, he described Cushing’s disease, the Cushing reflex, Cushing’s ulcer, the “third circulation” of cerebrospinal fluid, and a variety of other phenomena. And as a book collector, he developed perhaps the most significant collection of antiquarian medical and surgical texts extant. In these Brigham years, he clearly became the Neurosurgeon of the Century.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

CUSHING’S NEW HAVEN years were limited professionally to the completion of projects that had been previously started. These were the description of basophilism and the completion of the meningioma monograph andA Surgeon\'s Journal. His early years as a student at Yale led him to subsequent intense involvement in events in the developing Yale University. One little-appreciated aspect was Cushing’s involvement in the early history of national health care.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

DISSATISFIED WITH THE available macrosurgical techniques and encouraged by colleagues such as Donaghy and Krayenbühl, M. Gazi Yaşargil possessed the ingenuity to take advantage of and further improve emerging technologies such as angiography to develop microsurgery. To enable the advancement of microsurgical techniques, Yaşargil created innovative instrumentation, such as the floating microscope, the self-retaining adjustable retractor, microsurgical instruments, and ergonomic aneurysm clips and appliers. His genius in developing microsurgical techniques for use in cerebrovascular neurosurgery has transformed the outcomes of patients with conditions that were previously inoperable.

ISSN:0148-396X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID