ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Earlier studies have suggested that the scales used to distinguish process from reactive schizophrenics may be sensitive to differences in sex, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). Social histories of psychiatrically diagnosed schizophrenics served as a basis for evaluating the above variables as well as that of social mobility and for dividing Ss into process (N=150) and reactive (N=150) groups using the Symptom Check List. X2analysis revealed that Ss receiving process schizophrenia ratings were over-represented among males (p<.005), blacks (p<.005), and the lower SES (p<.05). When race and SES were examined simultaneously, lower SES white Ss were more often rated as process than upper SES white Ss (p<.025), while no difference in process-reactive ratings was found in the analogous comparison for blacks. No relationship was found between social mobility and process-reactive ratings. These findings may reflect correlates of the process-reactive dimension or they may be artifacts of possible scale and rater bias. Problems with the reliabilities of and intercorrelations among the various process-reactive scales are discussed, indicating the need for replication of the above findings using other scales and for the continued development and refinement of process-reactive measuring devices.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A total of 120 male hospitalized psychiatric patients (30 acute and 30 chronic schizophrenics, 30 acute and 30 chronic nonschizophrenics) were tested for reaction time (RT) with a random sequence of preparatory intervals (PI')s of 1, 2, and 8 seconds. Contrary to general expectation, anticipation rather than RT was the most important indicator of schizophrenia. As predicted, RT varied as a function of PI's; however, no differences were shown in the acute-chronic and schizophrenic-nonschizophrenic dimensions. Schizophrenic patients had more anticipatory responses than nonschizophrenic patients with the 8-second PI and when the prior PI (PPI) was shorter than the PI. RT was also found to differ as a function of the PPI of each trial. Fastest responses occurred when PPI=PI, next fastest when PPI< PI, and slowest when PPI>PI. When confounding effects of the PI were removed from the PPI analyses, group differences in response to the PPI disappeared. Results were discussed in terms of the attentional set formulations of Zahn and Shakow.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID