摘要:

The Parkinson's disease (PD) patient has been characterized as having a distinctive personality with introverted features. These personality traits are said to predate motor symptoms and are theorized to serve as a subtle clue to latent PD. To examine this hypothesis, we compared remote and current personality features in 35 PD subjects and 35 controls. Subjects' spouses completed a personality inventory (PI) characterizing patients' premorbid and current status. The premorbid PI of PD subjects differed from that of controls in being more “quiet,” “generous,” “cautious,” and “even-tempered,” and less “flexible.” The characterization of the PD subjects' current personality differed greatly from reported premorbid personality features, i.e., significant change in 13 of 24 PI items. Personality inventory responses regarding both the PD subjects' premorbid and current personality correlated to symptoms of depression and disease severity. Cognition, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and rural' versus urban residency did not correlate with PI responses. We conclude that PD patients are apt to be viewed as introverts premorbidly, and, with disease onset, more striking personality, changes are recognized. These perceptions appear to be closely linked to depressed affect and correlate with motor impairment to a lesser extent

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The numbers of complex partial epileptic-like signs were moderately (γs=.50) associated with strength of paranormal beliefs but not conservative (religious) beliefs in a population of young males and females (13 to 20 years). Dichotic listening errors were also significantly correlated with both complex partial epileptic-like signs and paranormal, but not conservative, beliefs; the females demonstrated the strongest intercorrelations (γs between .54 and .63). These results support the hypotheses that dichotic listening errors reflect a continuum of complex partial epileptic phenomenology in the normal population and this process encourages the acquisition of paranormal but not traditional beliefs

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The relations of birth weight to CT scan measures of lateral ventricular size, third ventricular size, frontal cortical sulcal prominence, and parieto-occipital cortical sulcal prominence were examined in 24 chronic schizophrenic patients. In contrast to the inverse correlation between birth weight and ventricular size found among offspring of schizophrenic parents in the Danish High-Risk Study, and the predictions of the subsequent hypothesis, no significant relations between birth weight and CT scan measures were observed in this study

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In light of ongoing considerations for DSM-IV, the 18 ratings comprising the associated symptom criterion of DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder were evaluated. The interrater reliability and endorsement rates of each symptom were calculated from interview-based ratings of generalized anxiety disorder patients at four sites (total N=204). Interrater reliability analyses indicated high agreement for the majority of the 18 symptoms. Regarding the frequency of symptom endorsement, significant Spearman correlations (range=.69 to .94) revealed marked consistency in the rates of symptom endorsement across the four sites. A list of “satisfactory” symptoms was generated from those meeting certain reliability and endorsement criteria. Seven symptoms were identified: irritability, restlessness, muscle tension, difficulty concentrating, sleep difficulties, feeling keyed up, and easy fatigability. Interestingly, all of the above belong to either the motor tension or vigilance and scanning clusters of the DSM-III-R associated symptom ratings. In contrast, symptoms belonging to the autonomic hyperactivity cluster were endorsed infrequently at all sites. Although additional research is needed (e.g., examination of the symptoms' discriminant validity), these findings essentially support revising the associated symptom criterion of generalized anxiety disorder in accord with option E3 in the DSM-IV Options Book

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this research was to study the association between precombat sexual and physical abuse and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a clinical sample of male and female Desert Storm veterans. Two hundred ninety-seven veterans provided data on precombat sexual and physical abuse, precombat psychiatric problems, sociodemographics, Desert Storm combat exposure, and PTSD symptomatology using the Mississippi Scale. Men reported significantly higher levels of combat exposure, and women described significantly more frequent precombat abuse. Precombat-abused veterans reported more frequent precombat psychiatric histories. Analysis of covariance revealed that gender significantly modified the impact of precombat abuse on combat-related and other PTSD symptomatology after adjusting for precombat psychiatric history and level of combat exposure. Specifically, females describing precombat abuse reported much greater PTSD symptomatology than did females denying precombat abuse. These results in conjunction with previous research suggest that a relationship between precombat abuse and combat-related PTSD may exist. Prospective, longitudinal studies of both men and women are needed

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The reliability, validity, and heuristic value of Goldsmith and Green's (J. Nerv. Merit. Dis. 176:614-620,1988) Denial Rating Scale (DRS) are examined in an inpatient treatment setting. This replication study includes 647 cases. The same strong relationship between clinical change and program completion as found by Goldsmith and Green is identified. An ordinal predictive validity for the DRS regarding program completion that was not found by Goldsmith and Green is also identified. Utility for improving patient treatment plans through DRS results is identified. The heuristic value of the DRS in helping an alcoholism counseling staff maintain treatment focus is discussed. It is recommended that treatment centers incorporate systematic assessment of denial over the course of treatment as a means to facilitate staff focus on the primacy of addiction

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cognitive testing with the Dementia Rating Scale was performed serially over an 18-month period in 410 nursing home patients. The principal findings were: deterioration in patients with congestive failure but not cerebrovascular accident: continuous deterioration in organic mental syndrome cases in relation to initial severity; specific impairment of memory in patients on neuroleptics; and no evidence that the nursing home environment alone induced cognitive decline

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID