摘要:

Group psychotherapy with multiple personality patients is an infrequently utilized technique. In a homogeneous group composed of multiple personality patients, the technique of group psychotherapy is examined in detail. The group setting, selection of patients, and group composition are described. Therapeutic issues involving group process, intrapersonal dynamics, transference, countertransference, co-therapy, and termination are examined. Finally, psychotherapy with the group of multiple personality patients is contrasted with group psychotherapy with borderline patients and incest victims.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thirty-three sexual offenders, 18 of whom had been convicted of rape, nine of pedophilia, and six of incest, were studied. Two thirds of the subjects had histories of “spontaneous self-hypnotic” experiences (dissociations); seven of these were DSM-III multiples and six were probable multiples. This group had very high hypnotizability scores. The other one third without histories of “spontaneous self-hypnosis” had normal scores. It was concluded that spontaneous self-hypnosis contributed to the perpetration of the crimes in many of these cases, although other factors also directed the antisocial behaviors.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Forty-six hospitalized sex offenders participated in a 6-month evaluation of treatment outcome. This study used the concept of goal attainment scaling, an individualized, scaled description of personal goals, for measuring therapeutic outcome. Conjoint therapist and patient goal setting resulted in 180 treatment goals being set. At follow-up, 38 patients exceeded the “expected” success level on a total of 159 treatment goals, whereas eight patients only made minimal progress on 21 of their 40 selected goals. Despite the benign clinical improvement shown by most patients, few patients actually achieved the best anticipated level of attainment on all of their personal goals (usually three to six goals). Retrospective review of all goal attainment scaling protocols indicated that four major content dimensions account for nearly all of the goals devised: sexual deviation, 30 goals; anger and emotional expression, 64 goals; self concept, 31 goals; and poor interpersonal relations, 51 goals. These goal-oriented profiles may have important ramifications for the future assessment, program planning, and rehabilitation of convicted sex offenders.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

DSM-III criteria and clinical models of stress are used to identify discrete dimensions of posttraumatic stress disorder. The authors test the hypothesis that war trauma differentially affects four dimensions of posttraumatic stress—intrusive imagery, hyperarousal, numbing, and cognitive disruption—by studying data from 251 Vietnam veterans probability sampled in seven sites. The hypothesis was confirmed. Different dimensions of stress symptomatology are found to vary across individuals exposed to different types of war trauma. Stress responses to war trauma also differ by race of the veteran. The relationship between stressors and symptomatology change over time, indicating specific experiences are related to particular long-term patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Personal construct psychology has contributed substantially to our understanding of psychopathology. The few studies of personal construct psychology in depression have focused on the content of self-constructs and cognitive complexity. The purpose of this study was to examine the construct system in depressed patients by investigating the relation of depressive symptoms to the content of constructs about others, cognitive complexity, and ordination.Participants were divided into three groups of 25. The depressed group had either a major depressive episode or dysthymic disorder; psychiatric controls had nonaffective psychological disorders; normal controls were hospital employees who had not exhibited psychological distress.Results indicated no differences among the three groups in cognitive complexity. However, normal controls exhibited a higher degree of ordination than either patient group. Furthermore, depressed and psychiatric controls utilized ambiguous constructs more than normal subjects. Finally, symptom severity within the depressed group related to the use of ambiguous and undesirable constructs.On the basis of these and others' results, a “two-level” personal construct explanation of depression is offered. On a comprehensive level, ordination and the use of ambiguous constructs could be viewed as relating to general psychological adaptation, whereas negative self-construing (and perhaps ambiguous construing) may relate more directly to depression. Therapeutic implications and directions for future research are discussed.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The authors administered self-rating scales of anger-hostility, somatic symptoms, and hypochondriacal fears and beliefs to seven groups of patients and nonpatients. Somatic symptoms were positively correlated with anger-hostility and were negatively correlated with feelings of friendliness; the correlation coefficients ranged from low to moderately high and were significant in most groups. Somatic symptoms tended to be associated more strongly with symptoms of anxiety and depression than with those of hostility. The associations of hypochondriacal fears and beliefs with hostility were inconsistent, varied between groups and with the concern measured. The findings do not support the view that anger or hostility are main or specific etiological factors either in somatization or in hypochondriacal fears or beliefs.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There is growing clinical evidence implicating disturbances in the separation-individuation phase of child development to adult psychopathology, particularly the borderline personality disorder. The clinical manifestations of such disturbance have been described by several clinicians and theoreticians. The authors have developed an inventory, based on these observations, designed to assess adult manifestations of disturbances in the separation-individuation process. The inventory was given to subjects meeting DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorders and to a random university employee control group. The subject group had significantly higher scores than the control group. Although more research is needed to further establish the inventory's validity and reliabilty and to better define its scoring, the preliminary data indicate that it does assess adult manifestations of pathology in this developmental process.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome is a hyperkinetic movement disorder in which an etiological role for dopaminergic hyperactivity has been proposed. Blink rate, a putative correlate of central dopamine activity, is commonly held to be elevated in Tourette's syndrome, a finding that would be consistent with the “dopamine” hypothesis of this disorder.In 19 patients who had Tourette's syndrome, however, blink rates during placebo treatment were identical with those of 49 index controls during reading and quiet sitting. Blink rate did correlate, however, with both the number and severity of tics. Pimozide treatment did not reduce blinking in the patients. It should be noted that nine of the patients were adolescents for whom there were not adequate age-matched controls, a fact which could obscure a blink rate elevation in this group.Insofar as blink rate is a putative correlate of central dopamine activity, these results are not consistent with elevated brain dopamine activity in adult patients who have Tourette's syndrome.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One hundred thirty-six alcoholic men and 48 alcoholic women admitted consecutively to an adult alcohol and substance abuse unit were studied in an attempt to replicate previous reports of an association between alcoholism and handedness. Each individual received a structured admission interview, and handedness was determined by a modification of the Edinburgh Inventory.Left-handedness was more frequent in men with alcoholic fathers and in first-born men. These data are discussed in the context of a recent theory relating left-handedness, immune disease, developmental learning disorders, and fetal testosterone.Brattleboro Retreat, Brattleboro, Vermont, and Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire. Send reprint requests to Dr. London, Brattleboro Retreat, 75 Linden Street, Brattleboro, Vermont 05301.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A 64-year-old woman with major depression developed toxic symptoms while on a regimen of 150 to 200 mg/day of desipramine. Her elimination half-life for desipramine was found to be greatly prolonged, at approximately 150 hours. Her ability to metabolize diphenydramine and lorazepam was found to be impaired as well. Study of the elimination kinetics of desipramine in three of the patient's sisters provided some support for the existence of a genetically determined metabolic defect. Knowledge of those idiosyncratic pharmacokinetics had important implications for diagnosis and treatment in this case.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID