摘要:

This is a hypothesis-seeking case study. It is the product of naturalistic research on one asthmatic patient seen 212 times in individual psychotherapy over a period of 32 months. Both retrospective and prospective data were gathered, the prospective phase beginning about halfway into the therapy. Clinical vignettes are cited from which the following hypothesis was developed: there was a reciprocal relationship between the manifestation of physical symptoms and of affective reactions in this patient. In support of the possibility of testing this hypothesis, the therapist's observations and patient's report of physical and affective reactions each independently indicated a much greater incidence of one reaction or the other occurring separately than of both together. The occasional occurrence of both together indicates that the physical and the affective reactions are not mutually exclusive; therefore, the null hypothesis is also possible.A critique and synthesis of diverse literature ranging from psychoanalytic, group, and behavioral oriented clinical reports to human and animal physiological studies precede the presentation of the case study. The conclusion reached in reviewing the literature is that confirmation of the reciprocal hypothesis awaits further studies, but there is indication in the literature of support for such further study.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study investigates the relationship between individuals' styles of daydreaming and the occurrence of two types of sleep disturbance: insomnia and nightmares. Ninety-nine college undergraduates responded to a questionnaire consisting of subscales from the Singer-Antrobus Imaginal Processes Inventory and scales measuring extent of sleep disturbance; measures of response bias and samples of volitional waking fantasy were also obtained. Correlational and factor analytic treatment of the data indicated significant direct relationships between reports of sleep disturbance and the Guilty-Dysphoric and Anxious-Distractible daydream styles; sleep disturbance was unrelated to the Positive-Vivid daydream style. A response bias interpretation appeared insufficient to explain the findings. Aspects of the daydream styles also were found in the samples of volitional waking fantasy. Broader fantasy styles emerged which extend the daydream styles into the areas of volitional fantasy, sleep disturbance, dream recall, and mood.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study sought to utilize dichotic shadowing tasks in the investigation of differences between schizophrenics and controls and, secondarily, between paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics. Sixteen subjects from each of four diagnostic groups —paranoid schizophrenics, nonparanoid schizophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normal controls — were tested in dichotic shadowing under one of two instructional conditions (“ignore the left ear” or “listen to both ears”). Schizophrenics made more errors with distraction, showed poorer recall of target material than did controls, and were abnormally insensitive to task instructions. This was interpreted as supporting previous reports that schizophrenics are lacking in selective attentional ability, deficient in retrieval of information, and inefficient in the sense of being unable to adapt to task instructions. In addition, recall and recognition results indicated that distraction affected paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics somewhat differently, resulting in overinclusion for paranoids but general response disruption or overexclusion for nonparanoids.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Four adult, chronic psychotic inpatients were observed before, during, and after the contingent application of time-out. Time-out was a part of their individual treatment programs, and consisted of placement in a furnitureless room for 15 minutes. Observations were made of 16 behaviors grouped into seven categories; these categories included both consequated and nonconse-quated behaviors. Observation sessions lasted for 15 minutes with interval recording of each behavior for the first 10 seconds of every 30-second block.Results for each subject were analyzed by means of three-way factorial ANOVAs, and indicated the following: a) three subjects exhibited significant differences in response frequency before, during, and after time-out that were consistent across all instances of their being placed in time-out; b) the particular behaviors that reliably varied with the observation conditions for one subject were not the same as those which reliably varied for another subject; c) two subjects significantly increased the frequency of their consequated responses during time-out in spite of the fact that time-out was effective as measured by a significantly lower emission rate after time-out compared to before time-out.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The hypothesis that coercive-restrictive features of the contemporary hospital milieux are necessary to the therapeutic and safety task of the hospital was tested by comparing three ward situations in varying degrees of coercion-restrictiveness. The situations were equivalent in other important respects. Review of patients' records indicated that the therapeutic, satisfaction, and safety outcomes of these three situations were similar. We conclude that a relatively high degree of coercion-restrictiveness may not be justifiable on therapeutic or safety grounds.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nonscientific literature concerning transvestism is briefly reviewed. Fiction published since its inception by the Australian transvestite journal Feminique is analyzed. Many stories have remarkably similar themes. The fictional themes contrast sharply with the reality of transvestite experiences.Fictional themes in transvestite literature analyzed by previous workers are reported. These are compared with the themes in the material of the present study.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The human eating of human beings is not confined to exotic peoples. It is part of the human condition. It occurs as a preferred form of protein consumption or as the result of extreme necessity, to absorb the virtues of others, to facilitate conception, for magicoreligious reasons, in warfare, famine, revenge, filial piety, and justice. Unique is the case of cannibalism for cargo reported here in which the eater suffered an overt psychosis before, during, and after the consumption, and whose goal was the acquisition of real and symbolic cargo as exemplified in the Melanesian cargo cult.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of a 12½-year-old female fire-setter is presented. The symptom was the result of long term developmental problems precipitated by the onset of puberty. Psychoanalytically oriented individual psychotherapy combined with marital and family therapy were the modes of treatment. The continuous struggle to establish a therapeutic alliance with an early adolescent is discussed. A patient whose main mechanisms of defense are repression, suppression, denial, and projection presents a challenge for the therapist.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1976

数据来源: OVID