ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper endeavors to sorb out the behavioral and psychological implications of tradition and modernity as they occur in any country, and to examine their particular nature in Japan. The first section defines and contrasts the concepts of social structure and culture. The second section is a review of the literature of the last 100 years on Japanese national character in an attempt to summarize the characteristics of the Japanese people that seem to have persisted in the past and to have remained viable in modern Japan. The third section attempts to give these characteristics some historical depth, to view them both in terms of the author's own research and in terms of the swirl of changes that are generally recognized to have occurred recently in Japan.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The implications for Japanese psychological functioning of the inter-relationships of two concepts familiar to Japanese are discussed:omote, literally “face” is the pattern one would show to others;ura, “mind” in old Japanese, those private and intimate thoughts which generally are not to be shown to others.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The characteristics of Japanese nonverbal behavior are described and explained in terms of the historical and social factors peculiar to Japan.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An examination of responses to a sentence-completion task measuring individuals' moral values reveals striking differences between Japanese, Koreans, and Chinese. The Japanese and Chinese, in particular, seem to be quite different, the Japanese—compared to the Chinese—are less success oriented, more confident in the natural order of compensative justice, more preoccupied with the human consequences of moral actions, more introspective, and more family and less work oriented. Finally, the Japanese are more likely to put themselves in the role of the actor, in a sense, rather than remaining aloof and taking the role of instructor or judge.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The main theme of this paper is the connection between psychotherapeutic permissiveness and the culturally sanctioned permissiveness of the imperfections of human nature. The Japanese word for permissiveness,kyoyō, is a combination of two words:kyomeaning forgiveness andyōmeaning acceptance. Paraphrased as reciprocal or complementary empathic communication, in personal life it is expected to exist between parents and children, or supervisor and staff. When it exists between therapist and patient, it means mutual forgiveness and acceptance of imperfections in the other—ningen-mi—in psychotherapy.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Based on the analysis of symptoms of samples of consecutive admissions to representative mental hospitals in the two cultures, three major findings emerge in this paper. The first is that factor analysis of the symptom patterns of hospitalized Taiwan Chinese and Japanese mental patients reveals both cross-culturally applicable and culturally specific symptom factors. The second major finding is the power and clarity of the cross-cultural differences in psychopathology which emerge. While the Japanese are likely to have disorders in arousal levels, to turn against themselves, and to see the major source of their problems as being within themselves, the Taiwan Chinese are much more likely to direct their symptomatology outward, to act out against others, and to perceive the outside world in unreal ways. The third major finding is that women in each culture are more likely than men both to show more severe symptomatology and to have a higher incidence of the symptom patterns which reflect the particular symptomatology of their culture.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1973

数据来源: OVID