摘要:

There appear to be strong variations in the association between psychosocial factors and the onset and course of depressive disorders. To explore a possible correlate of such variation, we consider whether the role of social-environmental factors may differ between patients with a recurrence of unipolar depression and a recent history of prior treatment (termed chronic patients), patients with unipolar depression but without a recent prior treatment episode (termed nonchronic patients), and a demographically matched group of nondepressed controls. Both chronic and nonchronic patients experienced more stressors and reported fewer social resources than nondepressed controls, but the two patient groups did not differ on these factors. However, correlational analyses indicated that stressors and social resources were significantly related to functioning among nondepressed controls and nonchronic patients, but not among chronic patients. These findings support the value of specifying subgroups of individuals for whom depression is most strongly related to psychosocial factors.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The diagnosis of manic-depressive disorder, manic type, does not usually present a diagnostic problem when there is a clear history of the onset of symptoms. However, when the manic patient deteriorates and reaches the “end-state” of the illness, his symptoms may be similar to those of schizophrenia.This report describes three cases from a largely black, low socioeconomic population that were misdiagnosed as schizophrenic rather than as manic. Delay in seeking immediate treatment for early symptoms of mania is cited as the primary reason for these misdiagnoses. Other possible reasons are discussed.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eighty-one outpatients with diagnosed multiple sclerosis were studied in an effort to examine the relative contributions of physical health status, life stress, duration of illness, age, sex, marital status, and social class on various aspects of personal and interpersonal functioning. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the most significant discriminators of the seven psychosocial measures. Physical health status exerted the broadest influence, affecting personal efficiency and well-being, capacity for independent thought and action, self-confidence, self-reliance, and number of meaningful social contacts. Life stress was associated with lowered personal efficiency and sense of well-being. Duration of illness and the demographic variables had few or no effects on psychosocial adjustment. Discussion contrasts the present findings with others in the rehabilitation literature and specifies certain limitations of the study's design.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper describes four patients with undetected progressive supranuclear palsy who were referred to psychiatric facilities for treatment of late onset symptoms and signs attributed to primary psychopathology. However, subsequent neurological and neuropsychological evaluation established the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy. In two patients, psychiatric symptoms preceded the onset of neurological deficits.It is our experience that because of presenting symptomatology, some patients with progressive supranuclear palsy will be referred for psychiatric consultation. The possibility of progressive supranuclear palsy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of late onset psychiatric syndromes.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This is a long term follow-up of 55 boys with early effeminate behavior. It was possible to determine the outcome in sexual orientation in 38 of the boys, which included homosexuality or variants of it in 35 (63.6 per cent) of the total of 55 and heterosexuality in three (5.5 per cent). In 10 boys the outcome was uncertain, and seven were lost to follow-up. An analysis of the uncertain cases suggests that the overall outcome in terms of homosexuality may prove to have been higher than 63.6 per cent. These results agree with those of previous prospective and retrospective studies, which are reviewed. From both types of such studies, the prospective ones starting out with instances of early effeminate behavior and the retrospective with cases of established homosexuality, the conclusion is ventured that all male homosexuality begins with early effeminate behavior. This has implications for future research on homosexuality.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The thesis is developed that multiple personality should not be viewed as an hysterical disorder but rather a borderline disorder. This thesis is supported by an examination of the role of splitting, the process of object-relations formation, and the symptomatology in both disorders. Treatment implications for multiple personality are reviewed. These relate primarily to the role of limit setting, confrontation, and management of negative transference. Finally, a case history is presented and discussed in the light of the thesis and its treatment implications.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The maternal behavior of an abusive Japanese macaque multiparous female was compared with that of three primiparous normal females from the same colony to evaluate the quality of the abusive mother-infant relationship. The abusive mother-infant pair scored highest on maternal warmth, protectiveness, possessiveness, and scored lowest on maternal rejectingness. The finding that the abusive mother alternated violent abuse with attentive maternal care is not consistent with the learning defect explanation of monkey infant abuse. Rather, the intense anxiety she showed in the relationship with her infant indicates that she suffered from an emotional disorder that can be adequately described by referring to Bowlby's model of anxious attachment. The implications of this case for the development of a nonhuman primate model of child abuse are examined in the light of human data clearly showing attachment disturbances in some child-abusing mothers.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID