ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The dearth of population-based studies and epidemiological investigations on the mental health problems of Asian-Americans, especially since the change in the immigration laws in 1965, has led to contradictory speculations about the prevalence rates of mental illness and the general mental health status among Asian-Americans, as opposed to other segments of the population. We administered the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale to 499 samples drawn from a Northwestern coastal city in order to make an initial assessment of the amount of depression experienced by Asian-Americans. The investigation compared the Asian-Americans' CES-D scores with those of whites and other minority groups, examined the scale's patterns of factor loading by ethnicity, and discovered that, even with statistical controls, there exists a distinction among the individual groups of Chinese, Filipinos, Japanese, and Koreans with respect to their score averages of depressive symptoms.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This report presents an assessment of 20 manic and 20 schizophrenic patients using a clinical rating instrument: the Scale for Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication (TLC). These 40 patients were assessed three times within a 10-day period at the outset of an acute psychotic episode with open-ended interviews which were then evaluated with the TLC. It was found that clinically rated speech disorders were relatively consistent within these patients at the outset of a psychotic episode. Furthermore, it was found that composite ratings of positive and negative speech disorders, as defined by the TLC, were stable discriminators of the manic and schizophrenic patients, while global thought disorder was not useful as a discriminator. The results provide evidence that thought disorder in psychosis may be a stable trait of patients during acute episodes and that positive and negative disorder is a useful construct.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lewine (Psychol. Bull., 90: 432–444, 1981) has proposed sex differences, specific to schizophrenics, in age at first psychiatric hospitalization, age at first reported symptoms, and premorbid social competence. To evaluate Lewine's hypothesis we collected data on 64 schizophrenic and 30 nonschizophrenic psychiatric outpatients. As no interacton between sex and diagnostic groups was found, our data failed to demonstrate sex differences specific and unique to schizophrenia. It is possible that Lewine's evidence is due to a cultural artifact.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The life events occurring to 64 outpatients participating in a psychotherapy outcome study were assessed for the 6 months before intake, during therapy itself, and during a follow-up period that averaged 7.2 months. Events were identified using a combined checklist and interview methodology. The impact of events was assessed by examining their predictive validity above and beyond that attributable to a set of demographic and clinical variables (sex, age, socioeconomic status, chronicity, and history of prior treatment). The major findings were that: a) life events did have a significant influence, but only at intake and termination and not at follow-up; b) “negative” events were more useful than the total number of events in predicting status; and c) when life events did have predictive power, the average increase in explained variance attributable to events was 13.4 per cent.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study is a replication of an earlier study published in this journal (Sarno, M. T. The nature of verbal impairment after closed head injury. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1968: 685–692, 1980). Consecutive admissions of 69 closed head injured (CHI) postcoma patients at an average of 1 year post-trauma in a rehabilitation medicine center were examined with standardized aphasia tests. As in the first study, all patients evidenced linguistic impairment which was not necessarily manifest clinically but was apparent on testing. Again the population divided itself into three relatively equally sized groups: those with classical aphasia, those with dysarthria accompanied by linguistic deficits, and those with “subclinical” aphasic deficits.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

One hundred and twenty patients presenting for admission were randomly allocated into two groups. Control patients received standard psychiatric hospital care and aftercare. Experimental patients were not admitted, if possible; they and their relatives were provided with comprehensive community treatment, including a 24-hour crisis service. Patients with a diagnosis of alcohol or drug dependence, organic brain disorder, or mental retardation were excluded. The great majority of patients were diagnosed as suffering from one of the functional psychoses—mainly schizophrenia. During the study year, control patients spent an average of 53.5 days in psychiatric hospitals, experimental patients spent an average of 8.4 days. Psychiatric patients were treated more effectively and economically in the community, without shifting the burden onto the relatives. Nearly all the relatives of experimental patients preferred community treatment; they considered it to be significantly more helpful to the patients and themselves than standard psychiatric hospital care and aftercare.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Data on occurrence of suicide from a population of 993 Veterans Administration hospital patients were used to test the validity of the Fliess-Swoboda Biorhythm Theory. Using a novel approach to analysis, semicritical day types were included. Sixty-four day types were generated and divided a priori into five categories which corresponded to predictions of increased or decreased suicides according to biorhythm theory. The results showed that the number of suicides observed was significantly different from the calculated number of expected suicides. The largest discrepancy between expected and observed frequencies occurred in category I for day types with all combinations of critical and semicritical days. It was concluded that biorhythm theory has some validity when the novel methods in this study are employed. The findings have heuristic value and may be useful to clinicians treating male Caucasian Veterans Administration inpatients. Suggestions for future research are also presented.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The clinical course of a 23-year-old male Vietnamese refugee who was seen for psychiatric evaluation and treatment after a self-inflicted abdominal stab wound is described. His attempted suicide was precipitated by a rejection of his romantic advances by an American woman and teasing by fellow co-workers that he was a Communist spy. Central to the development of paranoid delusions in this patient was the fact that he had been a member of the Communist forces in Cambodia and feared deportation. Emigration and acculturative stressors were seen as contributing significantly to this patient's paranoid disorder.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The following case study demonstrates the important influence of diazepam and meprobamate on a patient's neuropsychological test performance. This article includes: a brief medical history and summary of previous physical examinations; brief description of the neuropsychological test battery; formulation of the original neuropsychological test findings; follow-up neuropsychological testing; and discussion. The profound interaction effect of these prescribed drugs revealed severe cognitive, memory, and motor function deficits in a 53-year-old male. These findings are in contrast to reports in the literature.

ISSN:0022-3018    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID