摘要:

In order to learn whether a complete exchange of dietary soy protein for casein causes a change of serum lipid levels in primates, 8 Macaca fascicularis monkeys were fed a semi-purified ration; its basic composition was similar to diets consumed in Western Europe. In a crossover experiment, casein was exchanged for a soy protein isolate and vice versa. Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined following a 3-week dietary regimen. There was no significant difference of total serum cholesterol levels between the soy protein and casein periods (4.6 vs. 4.7 mmol/l). However, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were significantly higher (1.6 vs. 1.2 mmol/l, p < 0.01) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels were significantly lower (0.39 vs. 0.55 mmol/l, p < 0.01) following the soy protein diet. There was no distinct change in total or lipoprotein triglyceride levels following exchange of the dietary protein. It is concluded that in nonhuman primates a complete exchange of soy protein for casein produces changes of HDL, but not of total or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176795

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

3 groups of elderly people (65–80 years) were studied as regards their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) concentrations, their dietary vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure during 1 year: group 1 (long-stay geriatric patients); group 2 (residents at an old people’s home), and group 3 (elderly people living in their own homes). Young adults (30–50 years) served as controls. The 25-OH-D concentration in group 1 was significantly lower during the whole year than in any other group and the concentration in group 2 was significantly lower than in group 3 and the controls. The low 25-OH-D level in the long-stay geriatric patients and in the residents at the old people’s home is a consequence of both a low dietary vitamin D intake and a low exposure to s

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176796

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The total urea release, measured in the different secretions of the digestive tract of the rabbit, is estimated to be 22 mmol/day, which represents half of the urea produced by the nitrogen catabolism of the animal. This quantity represents a significant source of nitrogen for symbiotic bacteria and, due to coprophagy, could be recycled in the bacterial proteins digested by the rabbit.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176797

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

N digestibility and the dietary quality of a Vicia faba protein isolate as well as of two protein fractions from this isolate, acetylated and nonacetylated, were estimated in 15N-labelled adult rats. For reference, whole egg, casein and wheat were studied. The diets were fed at maintenance energy intake level. Daily metabolic fecal nitrogen estimated by an isotopic method was 5 mg/l00 g body weight in animals receiving whole egg, casein, or Vicia faba proteins. When wheat was included in the diet metabolic fecal nitrogen was increased to 140% of this value. True N digestibility of reference proteins was 91-92% and of Vicia faba proteins 95-97%. Protein quality for maintenance was high and similar for all proteins. Acetylation affected neither N digestibility nor protein quality under maintenance conditions.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176798

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to study the metabolic effect of dietary sucrose or cornstarch on plasma total triglyceride lipase (T-TGL), hepatic triglyceride lipase (H-TGL) and monoglyceride hydrolase (MGH) activities, young male Zucker fatty and lean rats were pair-fed or fed ad libitum for 4 weeks with diets containing 68% carbohydrate as either sucrose or cornstarch. Our results show that ad libitum feeding of fatty rats with both diets produced an intensification of plasma hypertriglyceridemia which was accompanied by high levels of all plasma postheparin lipolytic activities. These diets did not affect the enzyme activities of lean littermates. Pair-feeding the fatties with sucrose-rich diet produced an increase in T-TGL, H-TGL and MGH. If cornstarch was the carbohydrate included in the diet no difference in postheparin lipolytic activities was found between phenotypes.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176799

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rats fed on Vicia faba as source of protein grew less than those fed a casein control diet. However, no differences were found on protein content of whole body, liver, muscle, and myofibrillar fraction. Nitrogen balance values were significantly higher in animals fed the casein diet than in those nourished with V. faba as source of protein. Minor differences due to the protein level of the diets were found. Retained nitrogen values were similar in all dietary groups. The inclusion of V.faba in the diet did not affect specifically muscle mass and protein distribution. It is suggested that differences reported in nitrogen balance are a consequence, at least in part, of the impairment of growth, although some other factors must be involved in this phenomenon.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176800

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum levels of the circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and calcium were measured in 104 Saudis, 44 Jordanians, 17 Egyptians and 10 other subjects aged between 18 and 23 years. All subjects were male university students living in Riyadh for more than 2 years. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels were (mean ± SD) 12.8 ± 6.3, 11.0 ± 5.8, 11.9 ± 6.9 and 11.9 ± 5.0 ng/ml, respectively. The percentages of subjects with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below 10 ng/ml were 35, 45, 53 and 50% for normal Saudis, Jordanians, Egyptians and others, respectively. All subjects had normal serum calcium concentrations. There was no correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum calcium levels in the subjects investigated. This study indicates a tendency for a low vitamin D status among residents of Saudi Arabia, in spite of abundant sunlight all the year r

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176801

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this work was to study the relationship between the state of saturation of the organism with vitamin E and vitamin C and the serum level of lipid peroxides in elderly people. The determinations were carried out in 100 subjects, mainly women, aged 60-100 years living in old people’s homes, who were given daily vitamin E, 200 mg, or vitamin C, 400 mg, or both vitamins during 1 year. A correlation was found between the degree of saturation of the organism with vitamin E and the level of lipid peroxides. The daily intake of vitamin E for 4 months decreased the serum peroxide level by a mean value of 14%; a similar intake of vitamin C decreased it by 8 %, and both vitamins decreased it by 20 % compared with the initial level. After 1 year, these levels were decreased by 26% (vitamin E), 13% (vitamin C) and 25% (both vitamins

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176802

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Male rats were fed for 4 weeks cholesterol-free diets containing proteins from different sources, milk, fish, egg yolk, soybean, rice and peanut. The antihypercholesterolemic effect of vegetable proteins compared to animal proteins was certified. There was a negative correlation (γ = -0.74) between the serum cholesterol level and the arginine/lysine ratio of dietary protein, suggesting a role of this ratio in determining the serum cholesterol level. In general, the fasting level of circulating insulin was lower whereas that of glucagon was higher on feeding vegetable proteins, thus resulting in a fall of the insulin/glucagon ratio. Changes in the hormonal status may be relevant to the protein effect

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176803

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000176804

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger