摘要:

Diets containing rapeseed oil (RSO), or RSO supplemented with olive oil (OLO, rich in oleic acid), safflower oil (SAF, rich in linoleic acid) or tallow (TAL, comparatively rich in palmitic acid) were compared for their nutritional and pathogenic characteristics in ducklings. Unsupplemented RSO and the mixtures RSO-OLO and RSO-SAF caused growth retardation, mortality, lipidosis of the spleen cirrhotic changes of the liver and vacuolar changes of the heart and the skeletal muscles. The mixture RSO-TAL caused no mortality and a better growth. It also improved the liver and spleen morphology and decreased the hydropericardium incidence but did not markedly alter the incidence or severity of the vacuolar changes of the myocardium and skeletal muscles. In another experiment the effects of supplementing diets isocaloric in fats and in erucic acid with increasing levels of hardened palm oil (HPO) or glyceryl trilaurate (GTL) were investigated. Increasing levels of HPO increased growth and decreased the incidence and severity of liver cirrhosis, hydropericardium and splenic lipidosis. The vacuolar changes of the skeletal muscles were not improved, but those of the myocardium became severer. The supplement of GTL augmented all lesions, decreased growth and increased mortality. It is concluded that the nutritional and pathological properties of RSO in ducklings are determined both by the excess of erucic acid and the deficit of palmitic acid in the oil.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175321

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Some enzymatic activities in chicks, liver xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), liver alanine amino transferase (GP-T, EC 2.6.1.2), liver aspartate amino transferase (GO-T, EC 2.6.1.1) and kidney arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) were studied in chicks fed 2 types of protein, soybean or gluten at 4 levels 10, 20, 30 and 40% in the diet.The determinations were conducted on 10 and 17-day-old chicks. The increase of the enzymatic activity as a function of the protein level in the diet gives a typical curve for the tested protein. The better comparison was obtained while the curves for the liver XDH were compared on 10-day-old chicks.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175322

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Controlled dietary studies with formula diets in normal subjects and in patients with type IV hyperglyceridemia were performed, comparing high fat (65% of total calories) with high carbohydrate (80% of total calories) diets. In spite of ‘carbohydrate-accentuation’ on the latter diet, as judged from fasting triglyceride values, all-day triglyceride levels were higher with 65% fat formula, particularly in the patient group. Since all-day free fatty acid levels showed similar behaviour, it is suggested that control of endogenous hyperlipidemia may require a properly balanced diet rather than extreme carbohydrate restriction and fat supplementation.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175323

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

(1) A significant reduction in platelet adhesiveness averaging 15% can be measured during infusion of 500 ml of 20 percent Intralipid® using the Hellem method. The initial degree of adhesiveness is reestablished to a large extent 4 h after termination of the infusion. (2) The platelet count does not change significantly during Intraplipid® infusion. (3) The serum lipids reach maximum concentration at the end of the infusion period. These concentrations drop rapidly after termination of infusion, they are almost back to the starting point after 4 h. (4) Control infusion using a physiological sodium chloride solution or a 5-percent glucose solution produces consistent fluctuations in the lipids except an expected decrease of FFA during glucose infusion. There is no significant change in adhesiveness. (5) In contradistinction to tests carried out in vivo, the in vitro tests show a significant increase in platelet adhesiveness after the addition of Intralipid® to whole blood. (6) The results together with the clinical experience indicate that the parenteral administration of the fat emulsion Intralipid® is a safe proced

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175324

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Severe malnutrition is described in a previously healthy 39-year-old man. He showed a marked loss of weight, with signs of peripheral oedema and muscular atrophy. A reduction was found of several protein fractions in blood, including haemoglobin, TIBC (total iron binding capacity), haptoglobin, albumin and lipoproteins. Amino acid metabolism was abnormal as indicated by low levels of the essential amino acids and high concentrations of some nonessential. The splanchnic uptake and peripheral muscle release of most amino acids were markedly attenuated. Folic acid in serum was slightly low. There was alkalosis, hypokalemia and an alkaline urine. No evidence was found of pancreatic insufficiency, nontropical sprue or protein-losing gastroenteropathy. Nitrogen balance studies, in combination with other findings suggested intermittent vomiting but this could not be observed by the ward personnel or the patient’s family. However, when this diagnosis was presented to the patient and psychotherapy started, his clinical condition rapidly improved and most of the somatic manifestations gradually disappeare

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175325

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Experimental studies of alcohol influence on plasma lipids were performed in men and rabbits. Ethanol infusions induced hypertriglyceridemia in the plasma of normal subjects and patients with alcoholic hepatitis. No significant difference was found between the two groups of subjects. Comparative studies of triglyceride fatty acid composition obtained in the normal state and after ethanol infusion were performed in the rabbit after labelling of adipose tissue triglycerides with unusual fatty acids. The data obtained are consistant with an extra-hepatic origin of triglyceride fatty acids synthetised in the liver under ethanol influence.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175328

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000175329

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger