摘要:

The effects of intravenously administered dl α-tocopheryl acetate on the plasma, erythrocyte and thrombocyte vitamin E levels were investigated in male subjects. 110 mg dl -α-tocopheryl acetate were applied as a single dose in the form of a rapid infusion. After 60 min, 89% of the dl α-tocopheryl ester had been eliminated. The vitamin E ester injected was hydrolyzed and was detected in the plasma and the erythrocytes as free α-tocopherol. No significant change in the tocopherol concentration was observed in the thrombocytes. The results show that intravenously applied, esterified tocopherol is hydrolyzed relatively rapidly in the plasma, leading to an increase of free α-tocopherol content in the plasma and erythrocytes. The ratio of erythrocyte/plasma tocopherol 2 h after injection was 61 % higher than the initial value; after 24 h the elevation was still

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177514

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Weanling rats were maintained on diets which were Mg-adequate (49 mmol Mg/kg), groups 1 and 3, or Mg-deficient (8 mmol Mg/kg), groups 2 and 4, for 8 weeks of growth. During breeding, gestation, and lactation, groups 3 and 4 received diets supplemented with 41 mmol Mg/kg. Femur and cardiac Mg in group 2 dams was reduced, confirming that Mg deficiency was present. Thymic weight from dams and pups and numbers of plaque-forming cells in pups in group 1 were higher than in other groups while splenic weight in pups was lowest in group 2. Results indicate that maternal magnesium deficiency impaired immunocompetence in offspring. Regardless of the presence or absence of pregestational magnesium deficiency, magnesium supplementation also was associated with depressed immune function.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177515

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four groups of 6 rats were given ad libitum diets with over 60% of the energy as sucrose, fructose or glucose for 10 weeks, and were compared to animals given chow. Assessment of thyroid activity was made using metabolic rate, thyroid 123I uptake, and serum thyroid fraction measurement before, after 5 and 10 weeks on the diet, and 6 weeks after return to a control diet. The major effects were that the thyroid 123I uptake was significantly less than control in the rats after 10 weeks on a high carbohydrate diet. Only the animals on the fructose diet showed any consistent and significant falls in serum T3 and FT3, and T4. These findings suggest that the type of dietary carbohydrate may affect thyroid function in rats.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177516

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 120-day assay was made of Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase Se-dependent (GSHpx) activity in plasma, erythrocytes and liver of female Sprague-Dawley rats fed either a Torula diet (low Se content) or a durum wheat diet providing 28–405 µg of Se/kg diet. For all groups there was a strong increase for the first 20 days in plasma and liver Se; for the remaining period the increase was lower; erythrocyte Se increased, as before, in the first 60 days for groups fed 28–200 µg/kg diet, after this period it decreased in the groups fed high-Se diet. Plasma GSHpx activity was extremely sensitive to dietary Se levels and increased for up to 40 days of repletion, after which the trend was to plateau; liver and erythrocyte GSHpx activity increased continuously for up to 60 days of supplementation, it then remained constant. The correlation between Se in plasma, liver and erythrocytes and its GSHpx activity was statistically significant (p < 0.001). These results suggested that in long-term-fed rats, a diet with levels of 100–400 µg/kg was sufficient to satisfy the rat’s needs; there was no evidence of toxicity and, moreover, in all tissues, an amount of Se, probably bound to proteins with unknown functions, w

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177517

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Glucose intolerance is frequently found in alcoholic patients and an impaired insulin response has been documented in them. To look for alternative mechanisms that could explain this intolerance, a glucose turnover using tritiated glucose and an euglycemic glucose clamp were performed to measure the glucose production rate and peripheral insulin sensitivity, respectively. Two groups of recently abstinent chronic male alcoholic patients without evidence of liver damage were studied. The glucose turnover technique showed a higher basal glucose production rate in alcoholics, compared with normal volunteers (2.83 ± 0.29 vs. 1.84 ± 0.22 mg/kg/min); an intravenous ethanol load significantly increased this rate. The euglycemic glucose clamp did not show peripheral insulin resistance in alcoholics, compared with control

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177518

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Groups of 4-week old, male Osborne-Mendel rats were given high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks; one group was fed control diet (CON) for 28 weeks. HFD rats were transferred to control diet (HFDCON) and diets restricted to 80% (HFDR80) or 60% (HFDR60) of HFDCON intake for another 16 weeks, while one group continued on HFD. Body, liver and epididymal adipose tissue (EPI) weight, and the EPI/body weight ratio of HFDR60 group decreased significantly. EPI lipid content and total lipoprotein lipase activity also declined in response to 40% restriction. Overall, the data indicate that 40% energy restriction can stabilize body weight at a reduced level, and mobilize adipose lipid to meet the energy needs of HFD rats.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177519

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The metabolism of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during a 5- to 10-day process of 20% protein repletion was investigated, in vitro and in vivo, in male weanling albino Wistar rats acutely and chronically deprived of protein by feeding, respectively, diets containing no protein or 3.5% for 7 days and one with 3.5% protein for 35 days. Results of experiments using the 5-day rehabilitated animals showed that rate of NDMA demethylation by liver microsomal preparation was 3-fold higher in the chronically protein-dependent animals but comparable between control animals and the more acutely deprived species. In addition, urinary excretion of an oral dose of 40 mg NDMA/kg was significantly less in the chronically protein-dependent animals, which also cleared the blood of an intravenous dose of 5 mg NDMA/kg more rapidly. NDMA metabolism was comparable in all animal groups after 10 days of protein replection.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177520

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Biochemical studies were conducted in experimentally induced selenium toxicity in recently weaned guinea pigs. A significant drop in blood glucose level, in comparison to controls, was observed in animals fed selenium-enriched barley (organic form) as well as those fed ordinary barley mixed with sodium selenite (inorganic form). Estimation of total serum proteins also revealed a significant drop in both these groups. SGOT (EC 2.6.1.1) activity was comparatively lower but no significant alteration was noticed in SGPT (EC 2.6.1.2). The erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly increased in inorganic selenosis followed by that in organic one, in comparison to controls. All these alterations were of mild degree in guinea pigs which were given sodium arsenite (10 ppm) along with sodium selenite (30 ppm) in the feed.

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177521

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0250-6807    

DOI:10.1159/000177522

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger