ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231202

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe intermolecular interaction, IMI, leading to the compatibility of polystyrene, PS, and poly (2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide), PPO, has been identified by analyzing the IMI of the model compounds of low molecular weight; cumene, styrene oligomer, 2,6‐dimethyl phenol, and its trimer. The IMI has been detected and identified applying Rummens' method for the analysis of the solvent‐induced changes in NMR chemical shifts. The results indicate that the driving force in the formation of the compatible blend of PS and PPO is the π‐hydrogen bond between the electrodeficient methyl groups in PPO and π‐orbitals in PS. There were no indications thatn‐hydrogen bonds are formed between ring hydrogens of PS and

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231203

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFT‐IR spectroscopic studies have been performed in an attempt to elucidate the nature of the specific interactions occurring in miscible poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends. Studies of low molecular weight analogues, polymer/solvent mixtures and blends of PCL and α‐deuterated PVC are presented. The results strongly suggest that a hydrogen bonding type of interaction between the carbonyl bond of PCL and the α‐hydrogen of PVC exists in compatible PC

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231204

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relative magnitudes of specific interactions are compared by setting up competitive equilibria in mixed solvent systems. The positions of the equilibria are determined spectroscopically by resolving the overlapping absorptions of the two solvation states. This technique is applied to the study of interactions between polyesters (or model compounds) and a variety of solvents which mimic possible interacting centers in halogenated polymers. Using the same technique of resolving overlapping bands, it is also demonstrated that in a miscible blend of polycaprolactone and Phenox (a polyhydroxyether of bisphenol A) only a relatively small proportion of the carbonyl groups of polycaprolactone are involved in specific interactions with the Phenoxy.

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231205

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe importance of hydrogen bonding interactions in promoting polymer miscibility has been the subject of much recent investigation. In this study, we address the question of the effect of molecular size and geometry on the intensity of the hydrogen bonding interaction. To this end, the interaction of the functional group in various molecules with a variety of acid and base polymer matrices has been monitored using infrared spectroscopy. The “probes” used in this study each contained only one functional group per molecule to prevent intra‐molecular association. The probes were acetone, di‐n‐hexyl ketone, 10‐nonadecanone, cyclohexanone, cyclododecanone, isopropanol, 4‐decanol, 10‐nonadecanol, cyclohexanol, and cyclododecanol. The interactions of the base probes with poly‐(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidine fluoride), phenoxy, poly(styrene‐co‐allyl alcohol), and a variety of cellulosic polymers were studied. Acid probe interactions were measured in poly(pivalolactone), poly(butanediol‐1,4‐terephthalate), poly‐(acetal), poly(ϵ‐caprolactone), poly(vinyl methyl ether), poly(4‐methoxy styrene) and poly(ethylene oxide). The effect of the presumably inert poly(styrene) and ethylene‐propylene rubber matrices on the probe's functiona

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231206

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMiscible blends of the polyhydroxy ether of bisphenol‐A, Phenoxy, with a series of aliphatic polyesters were studied using melting point depression analysis and sorption to obtain the Flory‐Huggins polymer‐polymer interaction parameter,B. TheBvalues obtained from these measurements were found to agree well in sign, magnitude, and variation with ester repeat structure and to also agree well withBvalues measured calorimetrically for mixtures of low molecular weight compounds with structures which are analogous to those of the polymers. These comparisons suggest that the same mechanisms are responsible for the exothermic heats of mixing measured directly for the analog compounds and indirectly for the miscible polymer blends. For this general system, evidence is provided which suggests that hydrogen bond formation between the hydroxyl group on Phenoxy and the ester moiety is probably responsible for the exothermic interactions and polymer blend miscibility obs

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231207

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe miscibility of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with various ethylene copolymers and terpolymers were investigated using FT‐IR spectroscopy. All blends reported were 50/50 by weight. In blends of PVC with ethylene/dimethyl acrylamide copolymer (E/DMA), frequency shifts were observed in the amide carbonyl (proton acceptor) and the α‐hydrogen of PVC (proton donor) characteristic bands. In blends of PVC with ethylene/ethyl acrylate/carbon monoxide terpolymer (E/EA/CO), both the ester carbonyl and the ketone carbonyl characteristic frequencies showed mutual shifts and appeared as if they merged together. Small frequency shifts were also observed in the α‐hydrogen of PVC characteristic bands. In blends of PVC with ethylene/vinyl acetate/carbon monoxideterpolymer (E/VA/CO), the ester carbonyl frequency showed a shift while that of the ketone carbonyl was essentially unchanged. On the other hand, in PVC blends with ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (E/VA), the ester CO frequency did not show any shift, which is consistent with their observed immiscibility. Thus, it is clear that incorporating a ketone CO in ethylene/ester copolymers to form the corresponding terpolymers enhances their miscibility with PVC as earlier proposed on the basis of dynamic mechanical studies. Similar results were shown for blends of PVC with ethylene/2 ethyl hexyl acrylate/carbon monoxide terpolymer (E/2EHA/CO). Frequency shifts imply specific interactions which suggest polymer‐polyer miscibility on a mo

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231208

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe application of fluorescence techniques has been demonstrated for the study of four polymer problems: (a) If two different polymers are labeled with donor and acceptor fluorophores, respectively, which exhibit nonradiative energy transfer, the emission spectrum of their blends will depend on whether the two polymeric species are miscible or segregated into separate phases. Thus, the emission spectrum may be used as a measure of polymer compatibility. (b) Since rapid freeze‐drying preserves the extent of chain interpenetration which existed in solution, the energy transfer between labeled polymers may be used to study the extent of such interpenetration on solution concentration. (c) Phase separation when heating blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(benzyl methacrylate) may be followed by the change in the emission spectrum of the latter. (d) The interdiffusion of separated poly(ethyl methacrylate) molecules labeled with donor and acceptor fluorophores may be monitored by the increase in the nonradiative energy transfe

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231209

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sequential interpenetrating polymer network, IPN, may be defined as a combination of two polymers in network form, at least one of which was polymerized or crosslinked in the presence of the other. Two major problems of interest to sequential IPN's relate to phase continuity and extent of mixing within each phase. A first attempt to define the molar volume of a network is made in terms of the molar volume of the polymer between crosslinks. This permits a thermodynamic calculation of the changes in molecular mixing expected as a function of crosslink density. The experimental system was poly(n‐butyl acrylate)/polystyrene IPN's, where the PnBA was crosslinked with acrylic acid anhydride. This last may be selectively hydrolyzed, forming a semi‐IPN, and then the PnBA can be extracted. Scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy were carried out at each st

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231210

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0032-3888    

DOI:10.1002/pen.760231201

出版商:Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc.    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY