摘要:

KOHRT, W. M., D. W. MORGAN, B. BATES, and J. S. SKINNER. Physiological responses of triathletes to maximal swimming, cycling, and running.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 51–55, 1987. The objectives of this study were to: (a) develop a physiological profile for a group of trained triathletes and (b) determine whether multiple modes of training result in general or specific adaptations. &OV0312;O2maxof 13 trained triathletes (mean = 29.5 yr) was measured during treadmill running (TR), cycle ergometry (CE), and tethered swimming (TS) over a 6-wk period encompassing a half-triathlon (1.2 mile swim/56 mile bike/13.1 mile run). Most subjects performed two tests in each mode. Since test-retest reliability coefficients for TR, CE, and TS &OV0312;O2maxwere 0.97, 0.93, and 0.97, respectively, results were averaged:

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

THORLAND, W. G., G. O. JOHNSON, C. J. CISAR, T. J. HOUSH, and G. D. THARP. Strength and anaerobic responses of elite young female sprint and distance runners.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 56–61, 1987. The purpose of this study was to assess the strength and anaerobic responses of elite young female runners, in order to determine the relationship of these characteristics to age and high proficiency in sprint events. Thirty-one national junior-level sprint and middle distance runners were evaluated for isokinctic peak torque for leg extension at velocities ranging for 30° to 300°·s-1, anaerobic power and capacity based on the Wingate test, and body composition based on underwater weighing. Age-related and eventrelated differences were noted for both the peak torque and anaerobic response measures. Peak torques were greater for the older (> 11.67 yr) runners and greater for the sprinters when measured at the higher testing velocities. Anaerobic power and capacity were also greater for the older runners, but event-related differences only appeared when anaerobic power was adjusted for fat-free weight (adjusted anaerobic power was greater in the older sprinters). These results indicate that both age and fat-free weight influence strength and anaerobic responses in young female runners and that exceptional levels of such characteristics only for sprinters within the upper age groups of youth competition.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

COUTTS, K. D. and J. L. STOGRYN. Aerobic and anaerobic power of Canadian wheelchair track athletes.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 62–65, 1987. The aerobic and anaerobic capabilities of six wheelchair track athletes were determined on a wheelchair ergometer prior to their competition in the 7th World Wheelchair Games. The sample included two male tetraplegics, one female paraplegic, and three male paraplegics, each in different competitive classifications. The evaluation of the anaerobic capabilities of the athletes involved determination of the total work accomplished during a 30-s all-out effort and the peak power output (PO) during a 5-s interval of this test. Aerobic capability was determined as the peak oxygen uptake and associated PO over a 1-min time period during a continuous progressive intensity test to exhaustion. Peak oxygen uptakes ranged from 1.00 to 3.43 l·min-1(16.9 to 50.7 ml·kg-1·min-1) and aerobic PO from 19 to 120 W. Peak anaerobic PO was 21 to 70% higher (31 to 148 W) than aerobic PO, and total work in 30 s ranged from 740 to 4345 J. The male paraplegics displayed the highest values while the class 1A tetraplegic had the lowest. These laboratory findings were in general agreement with the athlettes' performances in their track events.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PELS, III, A. E., M. L. POLLOCK, T. E. DOHMEIER, K. A. LEMBERGER, and B. F. OEHRLEIN. Effects of leg press training on cycling, leg press, and running peak cardiorespiratory measures.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 66–70, 1987. Six males and seven females trained 3 d per wk (30 min at 80 to 85% heart rate reserve) for 20 wk on a leg press apparatus. A progressive exercise test was administered on a cycle ergometer, leg press apparatus, and treadmill before and after training. Before training, peak oxygen consumption (&OV0312;O2, ml·kg-1·min-1) during the leg press test was higher for the males (23.9 ± 1.60, mean ± SE) compared to the females (19.5 ± 2.40,P≤ 0.05). Peak &OV0312;O2during the cycling (males = 36.6 ± 2.65, females = 28.5 ± 2.35) and treadmill (males = 39.8 ± 2.04, females = 33.2 ± 2.64) tests was also different between the sexes, and 30 to 40% higher than during the leg press test (P≤ 0.05). Peak heart rate (beats·min-1) was not different between the sexes (P> 0.05), yet was 11% lower during the leg press test (165 ± 3.5) compared to the cycling (184 ± 2.8) and treadmill (187 ± 1.3) tests (P≤ 0.05). After training, peak &OV0312;O2during the cycling and treadmill tests increased 10 to 15%, compared to 35% during the leg press test (P≤ 0.05). The only change in peak heart rate was a 6% increase during the leg press test (P≤ 0.05). Although peak &OV0312;O2on the leg press apparatus was lower than on the cycle ergometer and treadmill, leg press exercise elicited a sufficient stimulus for increasing peak &OV0312;O2on the three testing modes.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

WARREN, B. L. and C. J. Jones. Predicting plantar fasciitis in runners.Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 71–73, 1987. Ninety-one runners were studied to determine whether specific variables were indicative of runners who had suffered with plantar fasciitis either presently or formerly vs runners who had never suffered with plantar fasciitis. Each runner was asked to complete a running history, was subjected to several anatomical measurements, and was asked to run on a treadmill in both a barefoot and shoe condition at a speed of 3.35 mps (8 min mile pace). Factor coefficients were used in a diseriminant function analysis which revealed that, when group membership was predicted, 63% of the runners could be correctly assigned to their group. Considering that 76% of the control group was correctly predicted, it was concluded that the predictor variables were able to correctly predict membership of the control group, but not able to correctly predict the presently or formerly injured sufferers of plantar fasciitis.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID