摘要:

CURETON, KIRK J. and PHILLIP B. SPARLING. Distance running performance and metabolic reponses to running in men and women with excess weight experimentally equated.Med. Sci. Sports Exercise, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 288–294, 1980. Metabolic responses to submaximal and maximal treadmill (TM) running and 12-min run performance were measured in 10 female and 10 male adults who regularly engaged in distance running to experimentally investigate the extent to which differences between men and women in metabolic responses to exercise and distance running performance are due to the sex difference in % body fat. The males were studied under two conditions: (1) with normal body weight and (2) with external weight added to the trunk so that the total percent excess weight (% EW) was equal to the % fat of a matched female. Under the added-weight condition, % EW of the males was increased by an average of 7.5%, the mean sex difference in % fat. Equating % EW reduced the mean sex difference in TM run time by 1.3 min (32%) and in 12-min run performance by 173 m (30%). These changes in running performance were the result of an average 3.0 ml/min·kg (38%) reduction in the sex difference for the oxygen required per unit fat-free weight (FFW) to run at various submaximal speeds and a 3.9 ml·min-1, kg-1(65%) reduction in the sex difference for Vo2maxexpressed relative to the total weight carried. It was concluded that the greater sex-specific, essential body fat of women is one determinant of the sex difference in metabolic responses to running and distance running performance. Because of her greater body fatness, the average woman will utilize more oxygen per unit FFW to run at any given submaximal speed, will have a lower Vo2maxexpressed relative to body weight and, as a result, will maintain a speed on the 12-min run or other similar distance running event which is slower than her male counterpart. Since the sex-specific, essential fat of women cannot be eliminated by diet or training, it provides part of a biological justification for separate distance running performance standards and expectations for men and women.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

TOWN, GLENN P., NEIL SOL, and WAYNE E. SINNING. The effect of rope skipping rate on energy expenditure of males and females.Med. Sci. Sports Exercise, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 295–298, 1980. The purpose was to study the effects of skipping rate on energy expenditure and sex differences in response to rope skipping. Responses of 19 males and 11 females were measured while skipping for 5 min at 125, 135 and 145 skips·min-1. Expired air was routed through a hollow handle to collection bags to provide uninterrupted exercise. Values at the respective rates for the total sample were: Vo2, (l·min-1) 2.70. 2.83, 2.85; Vo2(ml·kg-1min-1) 41.1, 42.0, 42.5; HR (beats·min-1) 178, 177, 177; VE(l·min) 102.2, 1035, 106.3; R 1.09, 1.07, 1.05; energy expenditure (kj-min-1) 58.6, 59.4, 60.3. Sex differences were found in that females had significantly lower Vo2both in l·min-1and ml·kg-1·min-1but higher HR values than males. Comparison of Vo2values of the females to Vo2maxvalues reported for females in the literature suggested that they may have been exercising close to their maximum. There were no differences in any of the values due to skipping rate nor was there interaction between sex and rate. Retrospective cinematographic analysis on two subjects suggested that the failure to find significant differences due to rate may be due to a decrease in vertical displacement resulting in a relatively constant work output as skipping rate increased. Average MET values at the different rates ranged from 11.7 to 12.5, which supported findings from other studies that rope skipping is very strenuous exercise.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SPENCE, D.W., J.G. DISCH, H.L. FRED, and A.E. COLEMAN. Descriptive profiles of highly skilled women volleyball players.Med. Sci. Sports Exercise, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 299–302, 1980. Descriptive profiles were developed for 15 members of the United States Women's National Volleyball Training Team. Data were obtained from anthropometric, strength, physiologic, and motor performance domains. Within-group comparisons were made between the six women who were selected for the Pan-American Team and the nine who were not. The Pan-American selectees were taller and heavier and demonstrated greater motor ability than the non-selectees. Strength measurements did not indicate consistent differences between the two sub-groups. The non-selected players had a greater Vo2max, than those selected. Between-group comparisons on selected variables were made between the subject and other American women volleyball players. The training team subjects were taller and heavier than the comparative groups. The training team group demonstrated lower heart rate MAX (180beats/min) than the other groups reported, and their Vo2max(43.2 ml/kg/min) was within the range of the comparative groups.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID