摘要:

A case of bilateral groin pain of sudden onset in a 14-yr-old boy is presented. The patient reported sudden onset of pain in both inguinal regions during a 100-m dash. He presented a week later to the clinic where physical examination revealed a shuffling gait, bilateral hip flexion contractures, limited active and passive hip extension, and bilateral weakness of hip flexion and knee extension. Plain radiographs of the pelvis revealed avulsion fragments minimally displaced from both anterior inferior iliac spines (AIIS). Pain relief in the acute phase was achieved by limiting ambulation until weight bearing was painless. The patient was treated conservatively and returned to full speed running in 10 wk. Only one case of bilateral AIIS avulsion fractures has previously been reported. AIIS avulsion fractures that are not widely displaced may be treated conservatively. Following a careful program of rehabilitation, full functional recovery following AIIS avulsion fractures may be achieved in 4-6 wk.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this 3-yr longitudinal study we investigated the occurrence of low-back pain and anatomic changes in the low back in relation to loading and injuries among 98 adolescents: 33 nonathletes (16 boys,17 girls), 34 boy athletes (17 ice hockey, 17 soccer players), and 31 girl athletes (17 figure skaters, 14 gymnasts). During the 3-yr follow-up, low-back pain lasting longer than 1 wk was reported by 29 (45%; 95% CI, 32%-57%) athletes and by 6 (18%; 95% CI, 7%-35%) nonathletes (P= 0.0099). Acute back injury was reported by 17 of 19 subjects who also reported low-back pain (89%; 95% CI, 67%-99%) and by 2 of 63 of those without prolonged low-back pain (3%; 95% CI, 0%-11%)(P< 0.0001). Among 43 girls participating in baseline and follow-up MRI examinations of the lumbar spine, new MRI abnormalities were found in 6 of 8 reporting acute back injury (75%; 95% CI, 35%-97%) and in 8 of the remaining 35 girls (23%; 95% CI 10% to 40%) (P= 0.018). In conclusion, excessive loading that involves a risk for acute low-back injuries during the growth spurt is harmful to the lower back.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To test the hypothesis that exercise response changes with time after cardiac transplantation, we investigated the cardiorespiratory responses of nine orthotopic heart transplant patients (52.4 ± 2 yr) during graded exercise tests (30 W·3 min-1) done at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-surgery. At peak exercise, 1) oxygen uptake per kg of body weight(˙VO2), minute ventilation (˙VE) and oxygen pulse (O2pulse) did not change significantly between 1 and 12 months post-surgery; 2) transplanted heart rate (HRt) and delta heart rate (peak exercise heart rate - resting heart rate) increased significantly over time (P< 0.01;P< 0.05) with a marked increase between 1 and 3 months(P< 0.05); and (3) a significant negative correlation existed between O2pulse and HRt(r = -0.36,P< 0.05), whereas no correlation was found between delta heart rate and delta˙VO2(peak exercise ˙VO2- resting ˙VO2, 1·min-1). During submaximal exercise, HRtincreased significantly over time (P< 0.001); ˙VO2, ˙VE, and O2pulse showed no significant change; and the˙VO2-HRtrelationship shifted toward higher values of HRt. We conclude that, in the absence of formal physical training, the exercise response of denervated transplanted heart increases in relation to post-surgery time but does not affect oxygen uptake at submaximal and peak levels of exercise.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We examined the influence of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS) on the lipogram of male body builders. Serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured in 10 experimental and 8 control male competitive body builders. The proportion of subiects with serum Lp(a) levels above 30 mg·dl-1was significantly lower in the AAS group than the non-AAS group. HDL-C levels were significantly lower and LDL-C levels significantly higher in the AAS group than the non-AAS group. These data suggest that AAS in male body builders have a beneficial effect on serum Lp(a) levels but reduce the HDL-C:LDL-C ratio.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

During the last decade extensive research on the role of exercise upon the human reproductive system has been conducted. Primarily these investigations have focused on female subjects, but an increasing number of studies have examined male related issues. Evidence now suggests that men who participate in chronic endurance training display mild degrees of reproductive system abnormalities. The major abnormalities noted thus far are reduced resting levels of testosterone, altered pituitary release of luteinizing hormone and prolactin, and altered sperm characteristics. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the research literature on this topic and address select aspects of the impact of exercise upon the male reproductive system. The principal topics addressed in this article are acute and chronic exercise effects, consequences of hormonal changes associated with endurance training, and potential mechanisms for the reproductive system changes detected.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Aim of this study was to evaluate left ventricular function during exercise, in 10 male elite runners and in 10 sedentary males. End-diastolic(EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), early peak transmitral flow velocity (peak E), time-velocity integral of mitral inflow (m-TVI); mitral cross sectional area (m-CSA); mitral stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) were measured by echo-Doppler. We simultaneously analyzed: ˙VO2maxby spirometric method, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by sphygmomanometer, and heart rate (HR) by ECG. The parameters were measured under basal conditions (level 1), at 50% of maximal aerobic capacity (level 2), at peak of exercise (level 3) and during recovery. Ejection fraction in athletes increased significantly at peak of exercise through Frank-Starling mechanism. Stroke volume and cardiac output increased significantly in athletes at peak of exercise. Left ventricular diastolic function was superior in athletes versus controls: in fact, higher peak E in athletes enhanced early diastolic ventricular filling. Therefore, the athletes showed complex cardiovascular adjustments induced by training, which allowed an higher peak working power, a greater cardiac output, and˙VO2maxwhen compared with an untrained control population.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Arm sweat was collected from nine male and nine female athletes sitting in a hot environment (HR, 40°C) and exercising at 50% ˙VO2maxin neutral (NE, 25°C) and hot (HE, 35°C) environments to compare sweat iron concentrations and losses. Whole body sweat rate was determined from weight loss at 30-min intervals for 1 h. Sweat iron concentration was significantly higher during HR and NE than during HE, but was not significantly different between males and females. During exercise, sweat iron concentration decreased significantly from 30 to 60 min. Whole body sweat rates differed significantly across all environments with the highest rate in HE and the lowest in HR. Males lost significantly more sweat during exercise than females, but the difference at rest was not significant. Estimated whole body iron loss was significantly greater during exercise (NE = 0.08 mg·m-2·h-1, HE = 0.077 mg·m-2·h-1) than rest (0.039 mg·m-2·h-1), and the average iron loss was significantly greater in males (0.09 mg·m-2·h-1) than females (0.04 mg·m-2·h-1). Results suggest that the use of resting sweat iron concentration to estimate iron loss for 1 h of exercise in neutral environments is accurate but may overestimate iron loss during exercise in hot environments and during more prolonged exercise.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Regional changes in concentrations of brain norepinephrine [NE] and its metabolites after chronic exercise have not been described for exercise protocols not confounded by other stressors. We examined levels of [NE], 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol [MHPG], and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol [DHPG] in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, pons-medulla, and spinal cord after 8 wk of exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (N= 36) were randomly assigned to three conditions: 1) 24-h access to activity wheel running (WR), 2) treadmill running (TR) at 0° incline for 1 h·d-1at 25-30 m·min-1, or 3) a sedentary control group (C). Levels(nmol·g-1) of [NE], [MHPG], and [DHPG] were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Planned contrasts (P< 0.05) indicated that exercise training increased succinate dehydrogenase activity (mmol cytochrome C reduced·min-1·g-1wet weight) in soleus muscle for TR compared with WR or C. [NE] was higher in the pons-medulla and spinal cord for both TR and WR compared with C. [DHPG] was higher in the pons-medulla for TR compared with C, and [MHPG] was higher in the frontal cortex and in the hippocampus for TR compared with C. Our results suggest that treadmill exercise training is accompanied by brain noradrenergic adaptations consistent with increased metabolism of NE in areas containing NE cell bodies and ascending terminals, whereas treadmill running and wheel running are accompanied by increases in levels of NE in the areas of NE cell bodies and the spinal cord, independently of an exercise training effect.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The objective of this brief review is to discuss current hypotheses describing the roles of the arterial baroreflex and reflexes originating from afferents within the active skeletal muscle (metaboreceptors and mechanoreceptors) in mediating reflex changes in heart rate. The major focus is on how the techniques of reflex activation and analysis of the subsequent responses may markedly affect conclusions drawn regarding the role of these reflexes during exercise. The disparate conclusions regarding the importance of these reflexes are likely reflective of the different autonomic mechanisms mediating the reflex responses (i.e., parasympathetic vs sympathetic) as well as the techniques utilized for reflex activation and analysis. Conclusions reached are that these reflexes are important in the regulation of heart rate during exercise but the relative roles are dependent on work load.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eight Swedish national class weightlifters performed “high-bar” squats and six national class powerlifters performed “low-bar” squats, with a barbell weight of 65% of their 1 RM, and to parallel- and a deep-squatting depth. Ground reaction forces were measured with a Kistler piezo-electric force platform and motion was analyzed from a video record of the squats. A computer program based on free-body mechanics was designed to calculate moments of force about the hip and knee joints. EMG from vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris was recorded and normalized. The peak moments of force were flexing both for the hip and the knee. The mean peak moments of force at the hip were for the weightlifters 230 Nm (deep) and 216 Nm (parallel), and for the powerlifters 324 Nm (deep), and 309 Nm(parallel). At the knee the mean peak moments for the weightlifters were 191 Nm (deep) and 131 Nm (parallel), and for the powerlifters 139 Nm (deep) and 92 Nm (parallel). The weightlifters had the load more equally distributed between hip and knee, whereas the powerlifters put relatively more load on the hip joint. The thigh muscular activity was slightly higher for the powerlifters.

ISSN:0195-9131    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID