摘要:

Background:Results of in vitro studies have documented colonic absorption of lactose in the newborn. A stable isotope model was developed for assessing the entry rate of intact lactose into the portal circulation in newborn piglets.Methods:In experiment 1, unlabeled and [D-1-13-C]-lactose were infused into two separate mesenteric veins, and in experiment 2, labeled lactose was infused into a mesenteric vein and unlabeled lactose was infused into the colon. The13C-enrichment of plasma lactose was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry.Results:The isotopic estimate of the mesenteric venous infusion rate of lactose was 91% of the theoretical. In the second experiment 13% of the unlabeled lactose infused into the colon reached the portal circulation.Conclusions:The current study provides the first, direct, in vivo confirmation of colon absorption of intact lactose. The tracer model could be used to evaluate intestinal or colonic absorption of other organic compounds not endogenously synthesized, including vitamins or drugs.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:In adults,Helicobacter pyloriinfection is always associated with gastritis or ulcer. However, very active gastritis and ulcers are rarely seen in children. The aim of the present work was to study the relationships betweenH. pyloriand gastric mucosa in children.Methods:Eighty infected children and adolescents including 48 (60%) neurologically impaired institutionalized patients, aged 2 months-22 years (mean 11.7 ± 5.2 years) were studied retrospectively. All the patients underwent gastroscopy, and three antral and two fundic biopsy specimens were taken for histology and bacteriology.Results:A normal gastric mucosa was found in 22 of 80 patients (27.5%), whereas the others had gastritis (n = 58, 72.5%). There were no statistical differences between patients with normal histology and those presenting with gastritis for age, sex, ethnic background, symptoms, and the degree of bacterial colonization. The macroscopic aspect of gastritis was less frequently found in children with a normal histology compared with those with histological gastritis (p < 0.001).Conclusions:These data show thatH. pyloriinfection can be associated with a normal gastric histology in children.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Although a high level of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) has been demonstrated in intestinal biopsies from children with cow's milk protein intolerance (CMPI), the properties of IELs in food-sensitive enteropathies remain unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the cytotoxic potential of IELs in CMPI, using a monoclonal antibody directed against the cytotoxic granule-associated protein TIA1.Methods:The study included 18 duodenal biopsies from 10 children previously diagnosed with CMPI and on a cow's milk-free diet of various duration. Six normal duodenal biopsies from children free of food intolerance served as controls. Immunostaining of formalin-fixed tissues was used to determine in the intraepithelial compartment(1)the number of TIA1-expressing cells per 100 epithelial cells,(2)the number of IELs per 100 epithelial cells,(3)the ratio of TIA1-expressing IELs (TIA1/IEL ratio).Results:In CMPI, the number of IELs and TIA1-positive cells, as well as the TIA1/IEL ratio was significantly increased compared with controls. Moreover, a negative correlation between the TIA1/IEL ratio and the duration of the diet was observed.Conclusions:These results suggest that the recruitment of IELs with cytotoxic potential is increased in CMPI, and that IEL-mediated cytotoxicity could be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:The impairment of gastric acid barrier caused byHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) at the onset of infection may predispose to small bowel bacterial overgrowth, which could contribute to persistent diarrhea.Methods:Using the13C-urea breath test, we determined the prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection in 123 Nicaraguan children from Tipitapa, aged 1 to 65 months, from a low socioeconomic background.Results:The overall prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection was 77.2% (95/123). The prevalence varied with age and was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in infants ≤12 months than in children aged 13-65 months, 91% (57/63) as against 63% (38/60).H. pyloriinfection was present in 44 of 59 (75%) children suffering from persistent diarrhea compared with 51 of 64 (80%) age-matched asymptomatic controls. In the diarrheal group, 20 of 59 (34%) children presented with malnutrition, and 16 (80%) of them showedH. pyloriinfection. In the control group, 20 of 64 (31%) were malnourished, and 14 (70%) of them showedH. pyloriinfection.Conclusions:In Nicaragua,H. pyloriis acquired in early infancy. The high prevalence among children in the first 12 months of life and the lower infection rate between 1 and 5 years of age suggest a loss or clearance of infection, also an occasional finding in adults.H. pyloriinfection appears to be not a risk factor for persistent diarrhea or malnutrition in Nicaraguan children.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Nitric oxide has an important role in the pathophysiology of the gastric mucosa. However, to date, it is not clear if nitric oxide plays a cytoprotective or cytotoxic role in the pathogenesis of mucosal lesion.Methods:We have used the NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry that selectively stains cells containing nitric oxide synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the production of nitric oxide on the antral gastric mucosa of children with antral gastritis.Results:In the lamina propria of the mucosa, the presence of the enzymatic activity was found in perivascular round cells and nerve fibers. In the epithelium, focal positivity to NADPH-diaphorase was found in superficial cells, mainly located in the extrusive zones. The epithelial cells in the pits and glands were negative, in the mucous layer,Helicobacter pyloriwere also stained by NADPH-diaphorase. A singleH. pylori-infected child who was also examined after eradication of theH. pylorishowed during the control examination absence of microorganisms and reduction of the NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells in the mucosa.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that, in gastric mucosa, endogenous and exogenous structures express a NADPH-diaphorase activity.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background:Recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgery is a common occurrence, pointing to the need for a strategy to prevent recurrent disease. We report the postoperative course of 10 patients who required intestinal resections for complications related to Crohn's disease.Methods:All patients had a Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index score of 10 or greater. Among these patients, 5 began treatment with 6-mercaptopurine in the perioperative period. All 10 had received various combinations of prednisone and salicylate compounds. Patients who were given 6-mercaptopurine did not discontinue the medication until 2 years after the surgery.Results:To date, none of the five patients who were placed on 6-mercaptopurine have had recurrence of their Crohn's disease (mean disease-free period 32.6 ± 18.4 months). Among those five patients not receiving 6-mercaptopurine there have been three relapses (mean time to relapse 3.7 ± 1.2 months). Logrank sum analyses of Kaplan-Meier survival curves show benefit to patients receiving 6-mercaptopurine in preventing relapses after intestinal resection (p< 0.05).Conclusions:Although the underlying pathophysiologic reasons leading to the high relapse rate after intestinal surgery in Crohn's disease are unknown, we conclude that treatment with 6-mercaptopurine in the perioperative period may be warranted to help prevent the recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgery.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID