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11. |
Orally Administered Iodinated Recombinant Human Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (125I-rhIGF-I) Is Poorly Absorbed by the Newborn Piglet |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 174-182
Donovan,
Sharon Chao,
Jane Zijlstra*,
Ruurd Odle*,
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摘要:
Background:The purpose of the current study was to determine the degree to which milk-borne insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is absorbed.Methods:Cesarean-derived piglets were fitted with umbilical arterial and venous catheters within 2 h of birth and were administered formula containing 21.7 ± 1.8 μCi of iodinated recombinant human IGF-1 (125I-rhIGF-I) by orgogastric gavage. Blood samples were taken before administration of the125I-rhIGF-I (t0) and for 4 h postgavage. Plasma was obtained by centrifugation and total and trichloroacetic acid precipitable radioacitivity were determined. Immunoreactive125I-rhIGF-I was assessed using a polyclonal antibody to human IGF-I. Four hours after feeding, intestines were removed, divided into 13 segments, and flushed with saline. Radioactivity within the small intestinal lumen and wall were measured.Results:Radioactivity in portal blood was higher than t0 at all times points (p < 0.05), whereas arterial radioactivity did not differ from t0 until 30 min postgavage. On average 18-20% of total radioactivity in both portal and arterial blood was acid-precipitable, with the proportion decreasing over time (p < 0.001). Immunoprecipitable radioactivity averaged 3-5% of the total radioactivity and was higher in portal than arterial blood (p < 0.05). Based on a plasma volume of 0.062 ± 0.005 L and a baseline plasma IGF-I concentration of 1.81 ± 0.56 nmol/L, absorbed125I-rhIGF-I represented 0.205% of the total plasma IFG-I pool, whereas 14% of the dose was associated with the lining of the intestine.Conclusions:Absorption of orally administered IGF-I does not contribute significantly to circulating IGF-I.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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12. |
Assessment of Plasma Fibronectin in Malnourished Nigerian Children |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 183-188
Akenami*‡,
Francis Koskiniemi*,
Marjaleena Siimes†,
Martti Ekanem§,
Emmanuel Bolarin‡,
Debayo Vaheri*,
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摘要:
Background:Severe malnutrition is associated with septic infections. The concentrations of fibronectin, albumin, and transferrin in plasma were measured in three groups of children with protein-energy malnutrition, aged 1-3 years, each group comprising 20 children. The aim of which was to test whether plasma fibronectin, being an opsonic protein, was reduced in such children, and if it was a useful index for assessing the severity of malnutrition.Methods:The concentrations of fibronectin, albumin, and transferrin in plasma were studied by enzyme immunoassay/immunoblotting, spectrophotometry and immunoturbidimetry respectively.Results:All values were significantly lower in the patients with malnutrition than in the age- and sex-matched well-nourished Nigerian reference children. Within the malnourished group, the fibronectin value was evenly reduced in all subgroups. Albumin and transferrin values were lowest in the patients with kwashiorkor, highest in the marasmic patients, and intermediate in the patients with marasmic kwashiorkor; the values correlated mutually in individual cases as well, but not with the fibronectin levels. Neither plasma fibronectin fragmentation nor tissue fibronectin was detected in any patient with malnutrition or in the reference subjects.Conclusions:The reduced plasma fibronectin values in these patients may be due to reduced synthesis by the liver, as evidenced by the equally reduced albumin and transferrin concentrations and/or to the multiple infections characteristic of the patients.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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13. |
Treatment of Cholestatic Children with Water-soluble Vitamin E (α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate): Effects on Serum Vitamin E, Lipid Peroxides, and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 189-193
Socha,
Piotr Koletzko,
Berthold Pawlowska*,
Joanna Proszynska*,
Krystyna Socha*,
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摘要:
Background:Treatment of vitamin E-deficient cholestatic children with water-soluble α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) was previously shown to normalize vitamin E status and to improve neurological outcome.Methods:Because vitamin E plays an important role as a free-radical scavenger, we studied the effects of long-term TPGS supplementation on lipid peroxidation and polyunsaturated fatty acid status in 15 children ages 9 months-3.4 years (median, 1.3 years) with chronic cholestasis with low serum vitamin E concentrations [1.95 (0.8-3.7) mg/L; median (1st-3rd quartile)]. The previous supplementation of α-tocopherol was replaced by a 20% solution of TPGS in one daily dose of 20 IU/kg. Serum α-tocopherol, plasma lipid peroxides expressed as thiobarbiturate reactive substance concentration (TBARS) and plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile were estimated at baseline and again after 1 month in all 15 patients, and after 1 year of TPGS therapy in 11 patients.Results:α-Tocopherol was significantly increased after 1 month [6.9 (4.4-8.4) mg/L; p = 0.008] and rose further after 1 year [9.7 (7.2-14.9) mg/L]; similar results were obtained for the ratio vitamin E/total lipids. TBARS concentrations were significantly higher in cholestatic children at baseline [2.9 (1.5-3.32) nmol/ml] than in a control group [1.2 (1.1-1.3) nmol/ml; p = 0.0006], but were not changed significantly during TPGS therapy [after 1 year 2.34 (1.9-3.0) nmol/ml]. Compared with controls, the contributions of polyunsaturated fatty acids to total phospholipid fatty acids were markedly decreased in cholestatic patients at baseline [27.7 (22.4-31.5)% versus 36.9 (34.5-39.0)%; p = 0.001] and did not show major changes after 1 year of TPGS supplementation.Conclusions:We conclude that oral TPGS supplementation of cholestatic children can quickly normalize serum vitamin E levels but does not improve the increased lipid peroxidation and poor polyunsaturated fatty acid status.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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14. |
Potassium Supplementation in Kwashiorkor |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 194-201
Manary,
M. Brewster*,
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摘要:
Background:Kwashiorkor is an edimatous form of severe malnutrition and is the predominant form of childhood malnutrition in Malawi. Potassium depletion is common and contributes to the high mortality. The aim of this study was to determine if high potassium supplementation improves the outcome of kwashiorkor treatment.Methods:We performed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high potassium supplementation in 99 children with kwashiorkor. Controls (n = 51) received a standard potassium intake of 4.7 mmol/kg/day. The intervention group (n = 48) received 7.7 mmol/kg/day. All cases (intervention and control groups) were treated in the hospital-based Nutrition Rehabilitation Center and received a standard treatment regime of mild feeds, mineral and vitamin supplements, and antibiotics.Results:There was no significant difference in length of hospitalization, or time for resolution of oedema between groups. The case-fatality rate was reduced by 33% in the high potassium intervention group (13/48) compared to controls (21/51). There was a significant reduction in late deaths (13 in controls vs 3 in intervention group; odds ratio 5.3, 95% confidence interval 1.2-31.0) but no difference in early deaths (0-5 days). The intervention group also had significantly fewer presumed septic episodes (3 vs 18, odds ratio 8.9, confidence interval 2.2-50.9), respiratory symptoms, and new skin ulcerations than controls.Conclusions:The high potassium supplementation reduced mortality and significant morbidity in kwashiorkor. This may be due to improved myocardial and immune function from earlier repletion of intracellular potassium. We recommend that the standard potassium supplement for the initial phase of treatment of kwashiorkor be increased from 4 to 8 mmol/kg/day.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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15. |
Colonoscopic Surveillance for Cancer in Ulcerative Colitis: A Critical Review |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 202-210
Griffiths,
Anne Sherman,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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16. |
Idiopathic Esophageal Ulcers in a Child with AIDS |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 211-214
Narwal,
Shivinder Galeano,
Narmer Pottenger*,
Elaine Kazlow,
Philip Husain†,
Sameera DeFelice,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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17. |
Thoracoscopic Esophagomyotomy for Achalasia in a Child |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 215-217
Robertson,
Frank Jacir,
Nabil Crombleholme,
Timothy Moriarty,
Kevin Verhave,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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18. |
Hyperargininemia Presenting as Persistent Neonatal Jaundice and Hepatic Cirrhosis |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 218-221
Braga,
A. Vilarinho*,
L. Ferreira†,
E. Rocha,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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19. |
Tuberculous Peritonitis in Children: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 222-225
Saleh,
Mohammad Al-Quorain*,
Abdulaziz Larbi†,
Emmanuel Al-Fawaz‡,
Ibrahim Taha,
Omar Satti§,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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20. |
Gastric Lipoma in a Child with Bleeding and Intermittent Vomiting |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 24,
Issue 2,
1997,
Page 226-228
Beck,
Nam Lee*,
Suk-Koo Lee,
Heung Kim*,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:1997
数据来源: OVID
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