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1. |
The Shwachman Award of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition 2002: Presentation |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 165-167
William Klish,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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2. |
The Shwachman Award of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition 2002: AcceptanceDietary Management of the Malnourished Child with Chronic Diarrhea: Both Nurture and Nature |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 168-169
Buford Nichols,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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3. |
The Meaning of “S” |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 170-171
Judith Sondheimer,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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4. |
Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease and Bile Acids |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 172-174
John Todd,
John de Caestecker,
Janusz Jankowski,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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5. |
Bacterial-Enterocyte Crosstalk: Cellular Mechanisms in Health and Disease |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 175-185
Henrik Köhler,
Beth McCormick,
W. Walker,
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ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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6. |
Oribasius (Fourth Century) and Early Byzantine Perinatal Nutrition |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 186-189
J. Lascaratos,
E. Poulakou-Rebelakou,
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摘要:
BackgroundThe purpose of the study is the investigation of perinatal nutrition in the early Byzantine period.MethodsThe original Greek language works of the celebrated physician of the fourth century, Oribasius, were studied.ResultsThe first Byzantine author who studied perinatal nutrition, Oribasius, provided his own concepts about the topic, focusing on the suitable choice of wet nurse and evaluation of the quality of the milk. His research proves that physicians from early Byzantine times were greatly interested in perinatal nutrition. He was aware of the knowledge of eminent ancient Greek and Roman physicians, whose extracts he quoted and opinions he generally followed.ConclusionsThe study concludes that concepts of perinatal nutrition in the early Byzantine period followed those of the Hippocratic, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. The early Byzantine physicians then influenced later Byzantine and Arab physicians, and afterward, their research was introduced to European medicine.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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7. |
Expression, Characterization, and Biologic Activity of Recombinant Human Lactoferrin in Rice |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 190-199
Yasushi Suzuki,
Shannon Kelleher,
Dorice Yalda,
Liying Wu,
Jianmin Huang,
Ning Huang,
Bo Lönnerdal,
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摘要:
BackgroundLactoferrin has been suggested to have many biologic activities, such as facilitating iron absorption and having antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects. In humans, several of these activities are likely to only be facilitated by human lactoferrin because they depend on the binding of human lactoferrin to specific receptors. Rice may be a useful vehicle to introduce recombinant human lactoferrin to infant foods because it has low allergenicity and is likely to be safer than using microorganisms or transgenic animals.MethodsRecombinant human lactoferrin was expressed in the rice cell culture system, and its biologic activity was assessed by iron-binding and -releasing properties, antimicrobial activity, and binding and uptake to Caco-2 cells. The authors also compared the stability of recombinant and native human lactoferrins against heat, low pH, and in vitro digestion.ResultsBiologic activity of rice-expressed recombinant human lactoferrin was similar to that of native human lactoferrin. Heat-treated proteins retained their functional activities except with severe treatment at 100°C for 8 seconds, which disturbed the iron-binding capacity of recombinant human lactoferrin. Both types of proteins retained their functional activities between pH 2 and 7.4. After in vitro digestion, 50% of both proteins were detectable by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The remaining native and recombinant lactoferrins retained antimicrobial and Caco-2 binding and uptake activities.ConclusionsThe results indicate recombinant human lactoferrin has stability similar to native human lactoferrin when exposed to thermal treatment, pH treatment, and in vitro digestion, suggesting it may be active when added to infant formula.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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8. |
Homocysteine Prevents Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)–Induced Cholestasis Without Changes in Hepatic Oxidative Stress in the Rat |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 200-205
Dominique Belli,
Robert Albrecht,
Giorgio La Scala,
Jehan-François Desjeux,
Marie-Agnes Pelissier,
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摘要:
BackgroundThe role of oxidative stress in total parenteral nutrition (TPN)–associated cholestasis with liver glutathione depletion was recently shown. The aims of this study were to test the appearance of cholestasis and oxidative stress during TPN, and the hypothesis that reducing oxidative stress with a precursor of glutathione (GSH), homocysteine, would restore bile flow.MethodsThree groups of rats (weight, 179–278 g) were studied: 1) D/aa group received dextrose and amino acids (3.4 g/d); 2) D/aa/L group received the same amount of amino acids, and lipids were added on an equicaloric basis (50 kcal/d) with a lowered amount of dextrose; and 3) a control group, which received dextrose perfusion and had free access to chow. A subgroup of D/aa/L rats (n = 6) received a TPN solution containing homocysteine. After 5 days of TPN, bile was collected during 2 hours. In liver homogenates, GSH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and carbonyl content of proteins (Prot-CO) were measured to test the level of oxidative stress and hepatic lipid and protein oxidation.ResultsAfter TPN, bile flow was significantly lower in the D/aa group than in the control group. Addition of lipids further decreased bile flow. Addition of homocysteine to TPN with lipids significantly increased bile flow. Aspartate aminotransferase increased significantly in both TPN groups compared with the control group. &ggr;-Glutamyl transpeptidase was not different among TPN groups. An increased hepatic lipid oxidation was demonstrated by TBARS level in both TPN groups when compared with the control group. However, the liver GSH contents were not different. Protein oxidation was also significantly increased by TPN. The addition of homocysteine to TPN solution increased bile flow without liver injury or changes of lipid and protein oxidation.DiscussionThis study shows that TPN administered to rats induces a decrease of bile flow and an oxidative stress but that the two changes are not directly correlated. Addition of lipids further impairs bile flow but does not increase the occurrence of liver injury. Consequently, it seems more likely that TPN primarily induces a cholestatic effect that in turn induces an oxidative stress rather than inducing an oxidative stress that leads to cholestasis. However, an association of both mechanisms is not totally excluded.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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9. |
Management of Childhood Pancreatic Disorders: A Multidisciplinary Approach |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 206-212
Surender Yachha,
Kamal Chetri,
Vivek Saraswat,
Sanjay Baijal,
Sadiq Sikora,
Richa Lal,
Anshu Srivastava,
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摘要:
IntroductionData on therapeutic endoscopy and radiologic interventions for the management of childhood pancreatic disorders are relatively limited. This study focuses on the multidisciplinary approach to the management of pancreatitis in children.Patients and MethodsChildren with pancreatic disorders were studied from January 1992 to May 2001. Acute pancreatitis (AP) was diagnosed by clinical evaluation, serum amylase more than three times normal, and morphologic abnormalities of the pancreas on imaging. Children with recurrent abdominal pain, pancreatic calcification or ductal stones on imaging, and pancreatic ductal changes on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Patients were treated by gastroenterologists, surgeons, and interventional radiologists. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency was diagnosed in appropriate settings.ResultsFifteen children—6 with AP (posttrauma, 3; gallstone disease, 1; and viral, 1), 7 with CP, and 2 with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency—were diagnosed. Local complications observed in children with AP included pseudocyst in three, and infected acute fluid collection, right-sided pleural effusion, and ascites in one patient each. Complications of AP were managed with percutaneous catheter drainage (n = 3; pseudocyst, 2; infected fluid collection, 1), additional pancreatic duct stenting (n = 2), surgical drainage (n = 1), and octreotide for pleural effusion (n = 1). Signs of CP included abdominal pain (n = 7), obstructive jaundice resulting from lower common bile duct stricture (n = 2), and bleeding from gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm (n = 1). Pancreatic duct stenting relieved pain in one patient, and steel coil embolization arrested bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm. Common bile duct strictures were managed by surgical bypass (n = 2), one of which required preoperative endoscopic bile duct stenting for management of cholangitis. Two other patients with CP required no intervention.ConclusionA multidisciplinary approach of radiologic and endoscopic interventions and surgery are complimentary to each other in achieving successful outcomes of complicated childhood pancreatitis.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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10. |
Mesenterico-Left Portal Vein Bypass in Children With Congenital Extrahepatic Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Unique Curative Approach |
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition,
Volume 36,
Issue 2,
2003,
Page 213-216
Jörg Fuchs,
Steven Warmann,
Rüdiger Kardorff,
Herbert Rosenthal,
Burkhard Rodeck,
Benno Ure,
Michael Melter,
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摘要:
ObjectivesCurrent management of extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis (EPVT) comprises endoscopic eradication therapy of esophageal varices and conventional shunt surgery. The authors have used the novel technique of mesenterico-left portal bypass (Rex shunt) in seven children with symptomatic EPVT, and report their results here.MethodsMedian age of the children was 12 years (range, 2–16 years). All children had portal hypertension with hypersplenism and recurrent bleeding from esophageal varices. Furthermore, one patient suffered from a severe hepatopulmonary syndrome. Preoperative evaluation included liver function tests, liver biopsy, hepatic duplex ultrasonography, and radiologic evaluation of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic vascular anatomy. The internal jugular vein was used as vein graft in all patients.ResultsMedian follow-up period was 15 months (range, 3–28 months). Ultrasound scans revealed sufficient perfusion in all shunts (median, 35 cm/s; range, 28–60 cm/s). The intrahepatic portal perfusion in segment 4 improved from a median of 6 cm/s before surgery to 18 cm/s postoperatively. The platelet count increased within 3 months from a mean of 50,625/&mgr;L to 137,750/&mgr;L. The clinical signs of hypoxemia in the child with hepatopulmonary syndrome disappeared within 6 months.ConclusionsIn accordance with the limited experience published by others, the authors' data confirmed the mesenterico-portal Rex shunt as the therapy of choice for children with EPVT. Furthermore, this report is the first to show that a hepatopulmonary syndrome can be abolished by mesenterico-portal Rex shunt.
ISSN:0277-2116
出版商:OVID
年代:2003
数据来源: OVID
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