ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Unconjugated and mono- and diconjugated bilirubin was determined by alkaline methanolysis and thin-layer chromatography in serum from 16 pediatric patients with homozygous β-thalassemia (aged 1–23 years), in 14 age-matched controls, and in 26 healthy adults. Total bilirubin amounted to 21 ± 20 μmol/L in patients with thalassemia compared with 7 ± 4 μmol/L in healthy children and 11 ± 3 μmol/L in healthy adults. The fractions of bilirubin conjugates in the various groups were 8 ± 4% (patients with thalassemia), 18 ± 5% (age-matched controls; p < 0.001), and 16 ± 5% (healthy adults; p < 0.001). The low fraction of bilirubin conjugates in patients with thalassemia showed no correlation to any other physical or laboratory finding. It is concluded that subnormal values of bilirubin conjugates in thalassemia indicate defective bilirubin conjugation.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serum β-fetoprotein (AFP) values in 61 patients with neonatal hepatitis were compared with the normal ranges of AFP in infants and were expressed as standard deviation (SD) scores. The size of SD score indicates how many standard deviations the measured AFP value is away from the mean value of the normal population. An extremely elevated AFP value is arbitrarily defined as a SD score higher than 4.0, i.e., above mean + 4 SD. The result showed that rapid recovery from jaundice before 6 months of age occurred in 16 of 17 (94%) with SD scores of AFP lower than 4.0. By contrast, in 26 with SD scores of AFP higher than 4.0, 17 (65%) has less favorable clinical courses, either slow in recovery or progressing to chronic liver disease and even death. This correlation between AFP level and prognosis was related to the fact that higher AFP values were associated with more severe inflammatory changes in the liver, as assessed from either biochemical parameters (peak total and direct bilirubin levels) or histotogical findings (portal inflammation and giant cell transformation).

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Levels of plasma vitamin K1(VK1) and vitamin K2(VK2) and protein-induced vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) were measured in Japanese mothers and their newborn (N = 33). Twenty milligrams of VK1(N = 11) or VK2(N = 12) were given orally to randomly selected mothers 7 to 10 days prior to delivery. Means of plasma VK1and VK2concentrations were significantly higher in VK1(p < 0.01) and VK2(p < 0.01) treated mothers than in the controls at delivery, respectively. Similarly, these levels were significantly elevated in cord plasma in VK1(p < 0.05) and VK2(p < 0.05) treated groups, compared with findings in the control group, although there was a large concentration gradient between maternal and cord plasma (mostly less than one-tenth). A significant positive correlation was found in VK1concentration between maternal and cord plasma (N = 33, p < 0.01), and the proportion of PIVKA-II-positive infants was significantly lower in the VK treated groups than in the control group at birth (p < 0.05). On the fifth postnatal day, mean levels of VK1(p < 0.01) and VK2(p < 0.01) in breast milk were significantly higher in the VK1and VK2treated mothers than in the control mothers, respectively. In the control group, 9 of 10 infants had a positive PIVKA-II, but no one in the treated groups was positive, thereby indicating significant differences between control and treated groups (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). The administration of both VK,1and VK2to mothers prior to delivery may prevent hypoprothrombinemia in infants, at birth, and during neonatal stages.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seventeen children with cystic fibrosis were studied in a 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial to determine the efficacy of misoprostol, 100 μg, four times a day, in improving fat absorption in patients already on pancreatic enzyme therapy. In those patients who had greater than 90% absorption on enzyme therapy alone, no further significant increase in absorption was achieved with misoprostol administration. Those patients who had absorption of less than 90% on standard enzyme therapy showed a significant improvement with misoprostol administration (p < 0.01). One patient had a significant elevation in the eosinophil count during the period of misoprostol administration, but there were no significant changes in any other hematological or biochemical parameter. Misoprostol appears to be of benefit to those children with cystis fibrosis who have residual malabsorption on standard enzyme therapy.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Numerous reports have established the association of Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease in adults. Recently, this association has also been demonstrated in children. We investigated 14 children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain. In six patients, endoscopy revealed gastritis and Helicobacter pylori was identified. Giemsa stain was more sensitive than culture or urease testing in identifying the bacteria. In four of the six, a nodular appearance of the antral mucosa was observed. The histological examination suggests lymphoid hyperplasia as the cause of the nodularity. All of the patients became symptomless after combined treatment with amoxicillin and bismuth subsalicylate. We conclude that nodular gastritis is a peculiar type of gastritis in children. It is frequently found in association with Helico-bacter pylori infection.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Of 100 consecutive patients referred for antro-duodenal manometry, we successfully intubated 89 with endoscopic and/or fluoroscopic guidance. In 8 of 8 patients who had failed with our usual techniques, we infused erythromycin 3 mg/kg i.v. over 1 h, and the tube moved through the pylorus and into the duodenum. Erythromycin, which stimulates propagation of 3 high amplitude antral contractions/min, appears to be a safe, noninvasive means to facilitate the postpyloric passage of tubes.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study was designed to evaluate the following in infants with acute enteritis (AE): the influence of different types of milk on the evolution of the acute phase of the diarrhea and whether the degree of steator-rhea during the acute phase might be a risk factor for developing cow's milk enteropathy (CME). We studied 90 infants with AE, divided into three groups and refed differently after the acute episode: group A was refed using a semielemental formula; group B was refed using a milk containing soy proteins and vegetable oils; and group C was refed using a common cow's-milk formula. Patients with pathological steatocrit values on hospitalization were randomly assigned to groups A and B; patients with normal steatocrit values were placed in group C. After 4 weeks, the patients included in groups A and B were challenged with cow's milk and their reactions were recorded. During the acute phase of the disease, we noticed a longer persistence of diarrhea in group A than in groups B (p < 0.01) and C (p < 0.0025). In addition, the number of evacuations per day and steatocrit values were higher in group A than in groups B or C, but these differences were not statistically significant. After 4 weeks, the patients in groups A and B were challenged with cow's milk, and eight of 60 patients had positive reactions; intestinal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of CME. The mean age of these eight patients was 40.3 days. We conclude that the risk of CME development after an AE episode is inversely related to patient age and that severe steatorrhea during AE is an additional risk factor.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID