ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Twenty-six children aged from 1 day to 15 years (18 boys and 8 girls) with visceral neuropathies are analyzed. Clinical symptomatology is dominated by abdominal distension, attacks of occlusion, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Intestine bacterial overgrowth is frequent. From aspiration biopsies, surgical rectal biopsies, and, in some cases, ileal or ileocolic biopsies, histopathological studies revealed two patterns. One group had abnormalities of the myenteric plexus identified by conventional light microscopic studies, with two patterns: [myenteric plexus hyperplasia (9 patients), characterized by large ganglionic nodes, penetration into the mucosal zone, and altered argyrophilic neurons]. Clinically this pattern was observed in four patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome with risk of medullary thyroid carcinoma. The second pattern observed was characterized by glial cell hyperplasia (15 patients). Ganglion cells are present but are small and sparse, often infiltrated by collagen tissue; Schwann nerve fibers are hypertrophic. Eleven patients presented with neonatal intestinal obstruction. The second group is characterized by normal conventional light microscopic examination, but silver stains revealed important abnormalities of argyrophobic cells (one case) or argyrophobic cells (one case). In the two groups, most of the patients needed intestinal derivation and prolonged nutritional support with total parenteral nutrition.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:In an ophthalmologic study of 90 children with symptomatic giardiasis, ocular alterations were found in 10. Eight of these subjects presented an extensive “salt and pepper” degeneration of the pigmented epithelium involving 360° of the midperiphery of both eyes. In one of the eight children, the pigmented epithelium showed atrophic areas, and in another there was a small hard exudate in the left eye. Of 2 remaining of the 10 children with ocular alterations, 1 presented with slight decoloration of the temporal half of the optic disc, and the other was affected by chorioretinitis. After single-dose antiprotozoic therapy (tinidazole 50 mg/kg), parasitologic tests were negative in all subjects and remained so throughout a 1-year follow-up. However, the characteristic epithelial lesion remained unalterated in all eight children for the entire follow-up period, as well as the optic disc decoloration in the only observed case. The child affected by chorioretinitis recovered after 3 weeks of combined treatment with bethametasone plus deflazacort. In two control groups, 1 of 200 healthy children and 1 of 200 children with gastrointestinal symptoms but without giardiasis, no case of “salt and pepper” degeneration of the pigmented epithelium or other significant ocular alterations was found.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:To assess the immunogenicity of HIB vaccines in patients in whom hepatoportoenterostomies were performed for biliary atresia, eight such children receivedHaemophilus influenzaetype b-polyribosylribitol phosphate (HIB-PRP) vaccine and had pre- and postvaccination total serum anti-PRP antibody concentrations determined by radioimmunoassay. Preimmunization anti-PRP antibody levels ranged from <0.125 to 0.40 μg/ml [geometric mean antibody titer (GMT) 0.106 μg/ml], while postvaccination levels ranged from 0.161 to 1.192 μg/ml (GMT = 0.489 μg/ml). Five children who did not achieve postimmunization anti-PRP antibody levels >1.0 μg/ml received 15 μg of either PRP coupled to diphtheria toxoid (PRP-D) or PRP coupled to an outer membrane protein complex ofNeisseria meningitidisgroup B (PRP-NOMP) conjugate vaccine. Anti-PRP antibody levels 1 month after immunization with HIB conjugate vaccines ranged from 1.51 to 10.35 μg/ml (GMT = 3.386 μg/ml). Patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia and hepatoportoenterostomies who previously received the HIB-PRP vaccine should be revaccinated with PRP protein conjugate vaccines to ensure adequate protection againstH. influenzaetype b disease.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Breast milk jaundice has been reported to be associated with increased lipase activity and elevated free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations within breast milk. We have previously shown that bile salts are present in small concentrations in breast milk and the aim of this study was to examine the relationship of bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) activity, FFA concentration, and bile salt concentration in milks of normal infants and the milk of infants with breast milk jaundice. Mothers of healthy newborn infants were recruited in the early newborn period and 42 provided breast milk samples at 2 weeks, 30 at 6 weeks, 16 at 10 weeks, and 13 at 14 weeks postnatally. We initially studied the effect of lactation on bile salts and found there was a significant decline in both cholate and chenodeoxycholate levels with duration of lactation (p < 0.05). There was also a significant fall in BSSL activity with duration of lactation (p < 0.05), but no correlation was found between BSSL activity and bile salt concentration. FFA concentrations were similar throughout lactation and were not related to either BSSL activity or bile salt concentration. There was a significant increase in the concentration of cholate and the cholate-to-chenodeoxy-cholate ratio in the milks of 12 infants with breast milk jaundice compared with normal milks, the BSSL activity was similar and contrary to previous reports, the FFA concentration was not increased in the milks of infants with breast milk jaundice.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Gastrointestinal pH and regional intestinal transit times of a capsule were measured in twelve healthy children aged 8–14 years using a radiotransmitting pH-sensitive capsule. The location of the capsule was determined by fluoroscopy. pH in the stomach was 1.5, but rose to 6.4 in the duodenum (mean values). pH gradually rose in the small intestine and reached an alkaline peak value of 7.4 in the distal part. pH dropped to 5.9 in the cecum but rose to 6.5 in the rectum. Median gastric residence time of the capsule was 1.1 h. Small intestinal transit time was 7.5 h, and colonic transit time was 17.2 h. pH profile and intestinal transit times found in the present study are almost identical to values found in studies on healthy adults. It is therefore concluded that the release pattern of pH-dependent sustained-release tablets in children is likely to be equal to that of adults.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID