ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The interrelationship between trypsin/trypsinogen and enterokinase (EK) was studied in rats following induction of trypsinogen hypersecretion by various agents. Both soybean trypsin inhibitor and para-aminobenzamidine increased intraluminal tryptic activities to a level about twice that found in the control rats. This resulted in an increase in the mucosal and the intraluminal contents of EK in the rat small intestine. On the other hand, in cholecystokinin-treated rats, although there was an increase of intraluminal trypsin, the increase was about 80% less than in the inhibitor-fed rats. Under this condition, there was no effect on the mucosal or the intraluminal EK. These results suggested that substantial increase in intraluminal trypsin/trypsinogen levels (two-fold over control) will increase the mucosal and the intraluminal concentrations of EK in the rat small intestine. Our observation extends previous reports that a decreased level of trypsin/trypsinogen, such as in pancreatic insufficiency, leads to a decrease in mucosal EK. These observations, when taken together, strongly support the modulating role of intraluminal trypsin/trypsinogen levels in controlling the EK concentrations in the small intestine.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The appearance of the small intestinal mucosa in cow's milk protein intolerance (CMPI) was studied using quantitative morphometry. The parameters under study were the numbers of eosinophil cells in the lamina propria and epithelium, villous height, crypt zone depth, villous height/crypt zone depth ratio, and total mucosal thickness. Tracings of whole sections were analysed using a suitably programmed minicomputer linked to a digitising table. Small bowel biopsy specimens from children with untreated CMPI, from children before and after clinical relapse on cow's milk challenges, and from children with resolved CMPI were compared to each other, to those from control infants, and to those from children with coeliac disease. No change of diagnostic significance could be found in the number of lamina propria eosinophil cells, but levels of intraepithelial eosinophils were significantly increased following cow's milk challenge. Quantification of mucosal dimensions confirmed the presence of a cow's milk-sensitive enteropathy and established the finding of a thin mucosa in CMPI regardless of clinical disease activity. Mucosal thickness was not different from control values following resolution of the disease. In coeliac disease mucosal thickness was significantly greater than in CMPI (apart from young children with untreated coeliac disease whose mucosa was not thicker than that of children with untreated CMPI) but not different from control values. It is suggested that in CMPI there is a limitation in the capacity of crypt cells to compensate for the loss of villous epithelium.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Small intestinal permeability to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was assessed in jejunal biopsies of malnourished children. Clinical examination, intestinal function (D-xylose test), and the histological appearance of the mucosa were assessed in 14 children during the malnutrition phase and in eight children after 3 months of nutritional rehabilitation. Macromolecular permeability was evaluated by measuring transepithelial HRP fluxes from mucosa to serosa (J) using Ussing chambers. In-tact HRP transport, i.e., nondegraded protein transport, was measured by enzyme assay, and tritiated HRP was concomitantly used to measure intact and degraded HRP fluxes (J). Electrical parameters (short-circuit current, potential difference, and ionic conductance) were also recorded. Transepithelial HRP fluxes were significantly higher during malnutrition (J = 8.85 ± 1.44; J = 77.11 ± 10.66 pmol h−1± cm−2) than in the same children after 3 months of nutritional rehabilitation (J = 2.94 ± 1.10; J = 22.93 ± 8.15 pmol ± h−1± cm−2). The total ionic conductance, which is an index of paracellular permeability, did not change significantly. Calculated intratissue degradation of the protein did not appear to alter during malnutrition. These results point to a clinical situation in which malnutrition with diarrhea in children is associated with increased intestinal permeability to macromolecules by a mechanism not related to any paracellular leak of the protein, but rather to increased transcellular absorption.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Breath hydrogen production after oral lactose loading was examined in infants and children with stagnant loop syndrome, blind loop syndrome, or both. All six infants under 3 years of age had bacteriological evidence of small intestinal colonization. The characteristics of the breath hydrogen test in this syndrome are: (a) extremely high basal excretion of breath hydrogen (after overnight fasting); (b) an earlier and greater breath hydrogen value (0.293 ± 0.201 ml/min/m2: mean ± SD) after oral lactose administration than formed in lactose malabsorption alone (0.050 ± 0.041 ml/min/m2); and (c) the observation of a sustained hydrogen rise over several hours. This investigation demonstrated that the breath hydrogen test is a promising and noninvasive tool for diagnosing blind (or stagnant) loop syndrome.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID