ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The immunohistochemical localization of lactoferrin (LF) was investigated in the duodenojejunal mucosa of children with untreated and treated celiac disease and in a control group of children of short stature and of children with postenteritis syndrome. In subtotal villous atrophy, LF was present in all epithelial cells of the luminal surface with a lower degree of positivity in crypts, whereas a variable degree of reactivity for LF was observed in epithelial cells of reconstituted villi and crypts. The LF mucosal distribution, however, was not specific for celiac disease since the LF pattern was similar in untreated celiac disease and also in postenteritis syndrome. Moreover, LF was detectable only in 7 of 18 duodenojejunal juice samples obtained from untreated and treated celiac patients and normal controls, the observed values being irrespective of the mucosal morphological status. We conclude that the immunohistochemical evidence of LF in the enterocyte may derive from an autochthonous production since our histochemical findings cannot be related to the concentration of LF in duodenal juice.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Small intestinal organ culture was used as an in vitro system to study the enterotoxic effects of gliadin peptides. Measurement of enterocyte height proved to be a reliable and reproducible way of assessing mucosal change during organ culture. Enterocyte height decreases nonspecifically in normal cultured mucosa, whereas the height of enterocytes of celiac mucosa increases in vitro in controls. All the gliadin peptide fractions (B1, B2, B3, B4) that had been prepared by peptic-tryptic hydrolysis, ultrafiltration, and gel chromatography, equally inhibited the morphological increase of enterocyte height normally observed without gliadin in untreated celiac mucosa. Electrophoretic studies and amino acid analysis of B1-B4 revealed similarity between gliadin fractions with quantitative differences in molecular weight distribution of the peptide components. Our studies suggest that organ culture assessed by morphometry is a suitable model for the investigation of toxic peptides of gliadin in celiac disease. In the future, pure gliadin peptides will have to be examined.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In order to investigate if a plasma profile of gastrointestinal peptides reflects changes in jejunal mucosa in celiac disease, we studied basal and postprandial plasma levels of gastrin, secretin, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and neurotensin in children with untreated and treated celiac disease and in a control group of children. Basal and 30-min postprandial secretin concentrations were statistically significantly lower in untreated celiac children compared to both treated celiac (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and control children (p < 0.001). Plasma secretin levels 30 min after a breakfast meal were also statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) in treated celiac children with respect to the control group. In both untreated and treated celiac groups, basal and postprandial plasma levels of somatostatin and VIP were statistically significantly decreased (p < 0.001) compared to control children. Moreover, there was a significant rise in postprandial levels of neurotensin after a breakfast meal in untreated celiac children. On the contrary, there was no rise of neurotensin in healthy children. These findings seem to indicate that determination of plasma profile of gastrointestinal peptides in children with celiac disease may be useful in monitoring the development of this disease and, thus, the number of jejunal biopsies could be decreased.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sera from six children with active coeliac disease, and elevated titres against gliadins and from six age-matched controls, were examined for IgG antibodies against different cereal proteins by a solid-phase radioim-munoassay. Antibodies to the major wheat proteins and the prolamines of other cereals were present in low titre in all control sera. In coeliac sera, significantly higher titres were found against A-gliadin, as well as against hexaploid and tetraploid wheat whole gliadins. Gliadin peptic-tryptic digest retained a significant antigenic activity, completely lost by peptic-tryptic-pancrealic digest. High titres were also found when coeliac sera were tested against wheat glulenins, albumins, and globulins, as well as against barley, oats, and maize prolamines; rice prolamines gave lower titres. Serum from whole gliadins and A-gliadin immunized rabbils showed a similar spectrum of reactivity against prolamines as coeliac sera. Our results indicate a dissociation belween immunogenic properlies of cereal proteins and loxicily in coeliac disease.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The contrasting effects of natural versus cow's milk formula (CMF) on upper gastrointestinal development in the newborn were studied. The passive intestinal permeability of neonatal human infants and guinea pigs was measured using the nonmetabolisable markers lactulose and mannitol. Mucosal morphology was examined in guinea pigs by light microscopy. Nineteen full-term human infants and 63 guinea pigs were studied during the 1st week of extrauterine life. The naturally fed infants showed a decline in intestinal permeability to lactulose following the onset of feeding. This was not shared by those fed CMF. The CMF-fed guinea pigs showed a persistently higher intestinal permeability than the naturally fed animals throughout the 1st week of life. No differences were observed in the villous heights or crypt depths between feeding groups, but both showed an increase in intraepithelial lymphocyte number during the 1st week. Cow's milk formula may cause a persistently higher intestinal permeability, or natural feeding may promote a decline in permeability in the enterally fed newborn.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The major manifestations of nephropathic cystinosis are renal tubular acidosis, vitamin D-resistant rickets, and dwarfism. Cystine crystals are deposited in a variety of cells, mainly phagocytic, including macro-phages of the intestinal lamina propria. Previously, ultrastructural changes were suggested to occur in the absorptive epithelium as well, possibly as a result of local cystine toxicity. We report here on the light- and electron-microscopic findings in the jejunal mucosa of two patients, aged 4 and 9 years with nephropathic cystinosis. Cystine crystals were easily identified in semithin sections of plastic-embedded specimens as brick- and hexagon-shaped spaces in macrophages. Electron microscopy showed that all crystals were in single-membrane-limited bodies (lysosomes), within phagocytic cells, and exclusively located in the lamina propria. In contrast to previous findings, the absorptive epithelium showed no abnormalities. We conclude that the growth failure in cystinosis is not a consequence of morphological toxic alterations in the intestinal epithelium, but is related to the known metabolic abnormalities of this condition. The use of rectal suction biopsy as a means of diagnosing cystinosis is also suggested as an alternative to other diagnostic methods.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Respiratory hydrogen excretion was measured in 50 children with giardiasis in order to study lactose absorption. Samples of expired air were collected before and after the children drank 250 ml of whole cow's milk. The test was repeated after successful elimination ofGiardia lambliafollowing treatment with tinidazol. The number of children showing a rise in breath hydrogen excretion >20 ppm decreased from 33 (72%) before treatment to 20 (44%) after treatment. This study permits the conclusion that the presence ofG. lambliain the intestine might interfere with optimum lactose absorption.

ISSN:0277-2116    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID