摘要:

AbstractBrundin, L. (Section of Entomology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.)Evolution, causal biology, and classification. Zool. Scripta 1 (3–4): 107–120, 1972.–The pros and cons of different approaches to classification are discussed against the background of a critical survey of the leading principles of evolution and the methodological advices furnished by the nature of the evolutionary process for the attainment of an adequate reference system of causal biology. It is shown that such a system has to be a reconstruction of nature's own hierarchy. The reasons for the present disagreement between the Hennig school and the Simpson‐Mayr school are discussed at some length, and it is stressed that the classificatory dilemma of the latter school is an unavoidable consequence of its quantitative approach and hence self‐

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00670.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHardy, D. E. (Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hi., USA.)Pipunculidae (Diptera) of the 1934 Swedish expedition to Burma. Zool. Scripta 1(3–4): 121–138, 1972.–The collection of Pipunculidae made in Burma by Rene Malaise contained approximately forty species in five genera and four subgenera and is probably a thorough sampling of the species which occur in the Kambaiti area of N.E. Burma. Eleven new species are being described:Dorylomorpha latifronssp.n.,D. stenozonasp.n.,Pipunculus (Cephalops) dolosussp.n.,P. (Cephalops) fimbriatussp.n.,P. (Cephalops) validussp.n.,P. (Cephalosphaera) reduncussp.n.,P. (Cephalosphaera) tingenssp.n.,P. (Eudorylas) burmanicussp.n.,P. (Eudorylas) colossussp.n.,P. (Eudorylas) giganteussp.n., andP. (Eudorylas) malaiseisp.n. Several other species, probably new ones, are indicated but not being described until further specimens can be studied. The majority of the species are new records for

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00671.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractØrvig, T. (Section of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.)The latero‐sensory component of the dermal skeleton in lower vertebrates and its phyletic significance. Zool. Scripta 1(3–4): 139–155, 1972.–A latero‐sensory component of the dermal skeleton is met with not only in teleostomian fishes, but also in arthrodires, holocephalians (the lateral line canal “rings”), some fossil selachians, bradyodonts and acanthodians, and a few, at least, of the Osteostraci. Although not yet traceable with certainty in the Heterostraci, such a component probably existed even in early stages of vertebrate history. The persistence in the adult of this component as separate ossicles embracing the lateral line canals is surely the result of regression or other modifications of the dermal skeleton in fishes like arthrodires, coelacanthids and actinopterygians, but is apparently a primitive feature in e.g. acanthodians. In discussing the phyletic relations between the latero‐sensory and membranous components of the dermal skeleton, it is concluded that these probably were separate formations from the very beginning. A condition (exemplified by certain acanthodians) where separate latero‐sensory ossicles of the lateral line canals are surrounded by a mosaic of small scales of membranous origin is presumably that from which the various dermal bone‐patterns in lower vertebrates are all derived. A discussion is also included in this paper of the scales and otol

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00672.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBrunet, M. (Laboratoire de Biologie animale, Université de Provence, Marseille, France.)Koinocystididae de la région de Marseille (Turbellaria, Kalyptorhynchia). Zool. Scripta 1 (3–4): 157–174, 1972.– Eleven koinocystidid species have been revealed after draggings in sandy infralittoral habitats mostly located in the gulf of Marseille. Three of these species,Utelga heinckei(Attems),Utsurus camarguensisBrunet andAcrumena massiliensisBrunet, have been described previously by the author, the remaining eight are concerned in this paper. (1)Utelga cheliferaKarling and (2)ltaipusa karlingiMack‐Fira are reported for the first time from the French coast. (3)Utelga vesicatulasp.n. is closely related toU. deinaMarcus. (4)Utelga ace‐rosasp.n. and (5) 17.similissp.n. resemble each other very much and are obviously related toU. aculeataAx. (6)Tenerrhynchus mag‐nusgen. et sp.n. is characterized by a long very muscular penial papilla and by the total absence of a bursa. (7)Paratenerrhynchus triplexgen. et sp.n. has a copuiatory organ consisting of two strong cuticular stylets in the shape of daggers, which open separately into the genital atrium on both sides of an unarmed ejaculatory duct. (8)Gnorimorhynchus dixiduusgen. et sp.n. with a cuticular copuiatory organ consisting of a tube‐stylet with a sickle‐shaped end; this tube has a proximal ring with about ten long flexible spines. The study ends with some remarks about the structure of the proboscis and the reproductive system in Koinocystididae.RésuméJusqu'ice inconnues des cōtes françaises,Utelga cheliferaKarling, 1956, etItaipusa karlingiMack‐Fira, 1968, sont signalées pour la première fois dans la région marseillaise. Trois nouvelles espèces du genreUtelgaMarcus sont décrites:U. vesicatula, proche deU. deinaMarcus, 1949;U. acerosaetU. similis, espèces très voisines dont les rapports de parenté avecU. aculeataAx, 1959, sont indiscutables. Trois genres nouveaux, monospécifiques, sont créés:Tenerrhynchus magnusgen. et sp. n., caractérisé par l'organe copulateur formant une longue papille péniale très musculeuse et par l'absence de toute formation bursale.Paratenerrhynchus triplexgen. et sp. n., qui possède un appareil de capulation constitué de deux forts poignards cuticulaires débouchant dans l'atrium génital, de part et d'autre et séparément d'un canal éjaculateur inerme;Gnorimorhynchus dividuusgen. et sp. n., qui présente une canule cuticulaire munie d'une forte collerette portant des longues épines souples et terminée par un segment falciforme. Quelques remarques sont faites à la fin de cette étude sur les structures de la trompe et de l'apparei

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00673.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHolmquist, Ch. and Karling, T. G. (Section of Invertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.)Two new species of marine triclads from the North American Pacific coast, with comments on evolutionary trends and systematics in Tricladida (Turbellaria). Zool. Scripta 1(3–4): 175–184, 1972.–Two marine triclads,Oregoniplana opisthoporagen. et sp.n. andPacificides psammophilusgen. et sp.n. are described from the Pacific coast of USA. They are inhabitants of sand in the surf zone. They are provisionally included in the family Procerodidae but their anatomy is aberrant in several respects; they elucidate some evolutionary trends as well as some unsatisfactory points in the systematics of the aquatic tri

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00674.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDörjes, J. (Institut für Meeresgeotogie u. Meeresbiotogie ˝Senckenberg”, Wilhelmshaven, GFR.) Faerlea echinocardiisp. n. und Diskussion der GattungenAvaginaLeiper undFaerleaWestblad(Turbellaria, Acoela). Zool. Scripta 1 (3–4): 185–189, 1972.–In the present paperFaerlea echinocardii, a parasite in the heart‐urchinEchinccardium flavescens, is described. The description ofFaerlea echinocardiias well as the incomplete description ofAvagina tenuissimaby Westblad (1946) are used to discuss the known generaAvaginaLeiper andFaerleaWestblad. Based on more recent informationAvagina tenuissimahas been eliminated from the genusAvagina. For this species the new genusProaphanostomagen.n. has been erected. For the genusProaphanostomagen.n. a diagnosis is given.ZusammenfassungIn der vorgelegten Arbeit wird die in dem HerzigelEchinocardium flavescensparasitierende AcoeleFaerlea echinocardiisp. n. be‐schrieben. Sowohl die Neubeschreibung vonFaerlea echinocardiials auch die unvollständige Beschreibung vonAvagina tenuissimadurch Westblad (1946) werden zum Anlaß genommen, die GattungenAvaginaLeiper undFaerleaWestblad neu zu diskutieren.Avagina tenuissima(Westblad) mußte aufgrund neuerer Erkenntnisse aus der GattungAvaginaeliminiert werden. Für sie wird die neue GattungProaphanostomagen. n. eingerichtet, da sie in keine der bestehenden Gattungen eingereiht werden konnte. Für die GattungProaphanostomagen. n. wird ei

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00675.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWarén, A. (Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.) Cingula globuloidessp.n.(Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)from northern Atlantic. Zool. Scripta 1(3–4): 191–192, 1972. –Cingula globuloidessp.n. is described from the northern Atlantic. This species has earlier been confused withCingula globulus(Möller, 1842). The distinctive characteristics and distribution ofC. globulusa

ISSN:0300-3256    

DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1972.tb00676.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY