ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2834.1996.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse the nurse supervisors' styles with special focus on their actions in the supervision session, their expectations with regard to the ‘ideal’ supervisor and their ‘visions’ regarding effects of clinical supervision, as well as their views of ethics, rules and values that they are guided by in clinical supervision. This study used a hermeneutic approach in order to characterize nurse supervisor style. Data were collected by open‐ended interviews with skilled and experienced nurse supervisors (n=18). The interpretation is that the supervisors' actions in clinical supervision may affect their ability to understand their actions. Whether a supervisor acts as the ‘real’ supervisor or attains to the level of the ‘ideal’ supervisor depends on her/his state of preparedness reached through reflection. The nurse supervisors' perceptions of styles are: striving to perfect the art of communication in the supervision session by using selected techniques; to assist in increasing the supervisees' self‐esteem and autonomy by reflecting on essential themes in the supervision dialogue; and striving to attain the level of the‘ideal’ supervisor, expressing a positive attitude to and motivation for theoretical and practical knowledge, and developing the super

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02091.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

‘Change’ is a concept currently enjoying much debate and analysis within nursing. Most of this debate and analysis has occurred on a purely academic level: academic examinations of change, however, do not necessarily help nurses understand the mechanisms behind change nor, more importantly, do they necessarily help nurses manage change any better. There is, as such, an argument for the adoption of a more pragmatic approach to change. This paper takes such an approach. The author argues that a greater understanding of change can be gained by examining some of the more fundamental characteristics of change, by comparing and contrasting successful and unsuccessful examples of change and by viewing change as a fluid rather than static entity. A pragmatic approach also reveals the potential of action research as an aid to the understanding of change and as a tool for implementing change in the three distinct spheres of nursing considered: the cognitive‐behavioural (personal) sphere, the discipline‐wide (professional) sphere and the organizational (managerial)

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02142.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The challenges to the district nurse's role within the purchaser/provider culture of the National Health Service (NHS) are discussed. The inherent problems of describing community working and the seeming invisibility of what district nurses do is placed in the context of GP fundholding, contracting and commissioning. The paper concludes that district nursing's history of not being involved in policy development and change may lead to it losing aspects of patient care that it is well placed and qualified to deliver.

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02163.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The irregular shift system in Finnish hospitals with schedules traditionally planned for short 3‐week periods creates problems in the social life of the personnel. Current backward rotation with ‘quick returns’ and rest periods between the shifts which are too short cause fatigue. The possibilities provided by legislation for individual and functional flexibility in the planning of schedules have not been utilized because of the hierarchical structure of hospital organizations. This study was aimed at finding measures to reduce the strain caused by irregular shift work. It consisted of two parts: a survey of midwives doing a three‐shift work in hospitals (n=366), and an intervention in six maternity wards (n=45). During the 6‐month intervention the influence potential of the personnel increased, and the number of quick returns fell. As a result, the mental strain of the work decreased and the stress levels fell. The positive effects were evident especially among the elderly midwives: their work became less strenuous and their social interaction improved. Despite the positive effects of the intervention, 55% preferred the former system with longer continuous free time. The physiological criteria for a good shift system were outweighed by the demands of social life, emphasizing the importance of individual flexibility and participation in the plannin

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02174.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Marketing analysis is a means of identifying consumer satisfaction, thus providing a means of exploiting weaknesses in competitors. As part of a graduate midwifery programme a small study was undertaken analysing marketing activities used by one competitor provider of maternity care services. The Marketing mix, Ansoff matrix and Gap analysis were the marketing tools used. Recommendations to midwifery service providers suggest using market research to identify consumer expectations and explore areas of both satisfaction and dissatisfaction.

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02185.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The literature of the 1980s and 1990s records enormous interest in mentoring. However, this interest is accompanied by anxiety in many professions that the role of the mentor is not becoming more clearly defined and has rarely been the subject of informative research. This paper reports a research study on the mentor role. The study was carried out with 87 nurse mentors and 39 student nurses. The nurse mentors and the students agree on the essential core of the mentor role. Beyond that, however, the two parties differ in their view. The mentors, in addition to the core of the role, emphasize its supportive aspects. In contrast, the students predict that, in addition to the core of the role, mentors will in future emphasize its challenging aspects. These findings are interpreted in the paper, which ends with a logical analysis of the three decisions facing nursing managers who respond to the findings reported in the paper.

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02196.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Much interest currently focuses on differences in the career intentions and career pathways of men and women nurses. This study seeks to add to existing knowledge on this subject with findings from a survey of newly qualified registered general nurses. Questionnaires were sent to a cohort of 1164 nurses, 87% of whom responded. Data from the 936 women and 79 men were compared in relation to educational and employment background, routes into nursing and career intentions at qualification. Procedures for modelling of categorical data were applied to these data within the constraints of the study design. Findings showed that men were less likely than women to have entered nursing as a first choice and less likely to intend working in the community after qualification. Men were more likely than women to plan to move out of clinical practice and more likely to plan pursuing a postgraduate qualification. Other differences between men and women were suggested, but limitations of the study design mean that drawing of conclusions had to be more tentative. Consequently, further research on this subject is warranted.

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2834.1996.02207.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd.    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2834.1996.tb00057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Have a Good Day Series by Jim Wood and Philip Seed, with series editor John HarrisPublic Sector Managerial Effectivenessby Hugh Flanagan and Peter SpurgeonClinical Nursing Practice in the Communityby Maria Kenrick and Karen A. LukerPsychology for Nurses and the Caring Professionsby Sheila Payne and Jan WalkerCommunity Health Care Nursingedited by David Sines.NVQs in Nursing and Residential Homesby Linda Nazarko

ISSN:0966-0429    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2834.1996.tb00058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY