摘要:

Saville&Willson (1991), in this journal, concluded, contrary to many researchers and methodologists, that ipsative scales can be soundly factored and can be viewed as equally valid alternatives to normative scales. We present evidence based on analysis of theoretical and actual data to demonstrate that ipsative scales, although sometimes highly correlated with their normative counterparts, cannot be factored and, when factored, result in predictable factor loading patterns not related to their normative counterparts' factor patterns, and, consequently, will result in invalid factor interpretations. An example is presented where ipsative scores are appropriately and successfully analysed using multinomial statistical techniques. These techniques are more appropriate for ipsative data because ipsative scores contain only categorical information across individuals.

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is a controversy in the literature over which theory of the job‐life satisfaction relationship (spillover, compensation or segmentation) is correct. We argue in the present study that each model is possible for different individuals. Using techniques derived from Ghiselli (1960), the results suggested that while the relationship is positive for most individuals, it is not for all. Contributions of the findings and future research directions are discusse

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

What are the positive and negative work experiences reported by teachers, and how do these contribute to their quality of work life? This paper reports structural equation analyses conducted on questionnaire data obtained during three studies from 1539 Australian primary and secondary school teachers. Drawing on perceived quality of life research it was hypothesized that psychological distress and morale would be separate outcomes of positive and negative work experiences. Results confirmed that psychological distress and morale operate on different dimensions. Three structural equation models showed that positive experiences were stronger determinants of morale than psychological distress, whereas negative experiences were stronger determinants of psychological distress than morale. Psychological distress and morale contributed equally to teachers' overall quality of work life. When examined simultaneously it was found that positive experiences contributed only to morale whilst negative experiences contributed only to psychological distress. These findings challenge conventional wisdom and suggest that it is not possible to enhance morale by reducing negative experiences, nor is it possible to reduce psychological distress by focusing on positive experiences.

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Equity Sensitivity Instrument (ESI) was developed to measure equity sensitivity, an equity theory individual difference variable. This paper presents evidence from five samples (N= 2399) supporting the validity of the construct and the ESI as its measurement. Correlations between equity sensitivity and gender, age, education level, social desirability, self‐esteem, locus of control, Machiavellianism, pro‐Protestant and non‐Protestant work ethic, input‐outcome orientation, exchange ideology, altruism, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, supervisor satisfaction, propensity to turnover and perceptions of pay justice are presented. Results suggest that equity sensitivity is unique from these other constructs and that the ESI is discriminantly and convergentl

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Team Climate Inventory (Anderson&West, 1994) was translated into Swedish and administered to a total of 16 work teams in different types of private enterprises. Independent observers rated each group's production in terms of innovativeness, quantity and quality of production. An item analysis indicated that all items should be retained in the questionnaire and further analyses yielded high overall coefficients for reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .95) and acceptable validity (r= .48). A factor analysis was also successful in extracting the four original factors, together accounting for 54 per cent of the total variance. It is concluded that the Swedish version of the Team Climate Inventory is a useful instrument to measure group climate dimensions that may facilitate work teams' innovative capacity. Differences in general work climate between Sweden and the United Kingdom are discussed.

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Previous research has distinguished between professional engineers who have a managerial career orientation and those who have a technical orientation. One of the aims of the Dainton enhanced engineering courses was to produce engineers who are managerially, rather than technically, oriented. As part of a large‐scale evaluation of these courses, the career orientations of 744 students and 220 graduates from these programmes were compared with those of a control group of 1424 students from conventional engineering courses. Data were collected for all years of the courses, and, in the case of the enhanced group, from respondents with up to five years' work experience following graduation. There was evidence of self‐selection on to the courses based on pre‐existing attitudes, with respondents embarking on enhanced courses equally oriented towards managerial and technical work, while those starting conventional courses showed an initial preference for technical work. Technical orientation declined in both groups as the courses progressed, but this was significantly greater in the case of those on enhanced courses. Those on enhanced courses were more management orientated in later years of the courses, unlike those on conventional courses. The data from the graduates suggested that the changes observed in the undergraduate groups were maintained over the first five years following graduation. The results were interpreted as indicating that the greater management orientation of graduates from enhanced engineering courses compared with those from conventional courses was due to the combined influence of self‐selection at the outset of the programmes and attitude change induced by the programmes the

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A computer‐administered test of visual attention was investigated as a predictor of driving accident involvement. Three forms of the test were administered to three independent samples. The correlation between test performance and self‐reported driving accident involvement was significant. Furthermore, the magnitude of this relationship was within the upper range of validities typically reported for most selection devices. The potential utility of the test and suggestions for future research are discus

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Work and Well‐Being: An Agenda for the 1990s.Edited byGwendolyn Puryear Keita&Steven L. Sauter.Stress and Well‐Being at Work: Assessments and Interventions for Occupational Mental Health.Edited byJames Campbell Quick, Lawrence R. Murphy&Joseph J. Hurrell,

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0963-1798    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1994.tb00561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY