摘要:

First described in 1907, the crossmatch has been in a constant state of modification since that time. Major milestones in the evolution of the test include demonstration of the relative importance of red blood cell typing and of the matching test, development of rapid techniques for the test, advent of high protein, antiglobulin and enzyme techniques, and resolution of issues related to the minor crossmatch and the need for complement in the test.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085750.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Alloagglutinins of M and N specificites with unique characteristics found in normal sera are described. Specific M or N agglutination by these sera occurred only when erythrocytes had been exposed to glucose‐ containing solutions. Conversion to the form of MN recognized by these sera required incubation of the cells in 1 to 2% glucose buffered to physiological or alkaline pH and was dependent on time and temperature of exposure, occurring in hours at 37 C and in days at 4 C. The sera appeared to be detecting an antigenic structure in which interaction between glucose and the amino group of the N‐terminal amino acid of the MN receptor has produced a new specificity, analogous to the action of formaldehyde on N receptors and the resulting N‐like structure detected by sera from hemodialysis pat

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085751.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A novel method for the isolation of granulocytes from nylon fibers is described. It is modification of filtration leukapheresis based on cellular surface thermodynamics. The system takes into account both electrical and van der Waals forces. The elution buffer contains a chelating agent and a surface active agent which lowers the surface tension of the liquid to a value intermediate between that of the surface tensions of the nylon fibers and of the granulocytes. Thus, the attractive van der Waals interaction between the fibers and the granulocytes becomes a repulsion. This results in a two‐ to threefold increase in cell yield. Phagocytosis, candicidal activity, and oxygen consumption did not appear to be affected through the isolation procedure. By both light and transmission electron microscopy the isolated granulocytes appeared to be morphologically intac

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085752.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A simplified preparation of leukocyte‐poor blood (LPB), employing microaggregate filtration following centrifugation, was compared with three other commonly used and accepted methods. The study group was comprised of 1,283 patients who received a total of 14,561 units of LPB. Of those, 361 patients received 2,235 units of LPB following a primary febrile reaction, and 922 patients received 12,326 units of LPB prophylactically. In both patient populations the microaggregate filtration method proved at least as effective as the inverted spin method and was clearly superior to the buffy coat‐poor method in preventing febrile transfusion reacti

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085753.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The vasodilative effects associated with the use of sodium acetate have been reported in the literature. Preparations of plasma protein fraction (PPF) substantially free of this vasodilator were developed. This paper presents and discusses experimental work on the improved product.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085754.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a study of the effect of plasma exchange on glycosphingolipid metabolism, a patient with Fabry's disease noted a dramatic improvement in his painful acroparesthesia. A controlled study was therefore undertaken. Observations were made of nerve conduction times, graded exercise testing, and psychometric evaluations during and after two planned series of three plasma exchanges: one a true plasma exchange and the other a “sham” control in which the patient received his own plasma. All observers and the patient were blinded and unanimously attributed beneficial results to the sham procedure. This study demonstrates the need for controlled studies in diseases prone to unpredictable exacerbation or spontaneous remission and outlines one possible technique of controlling studies involving plasma excha

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085755.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Stored red blood cells may be automatically saline washed and resuspended in fresh‐frozen plasma to yield a final product with any hematocrit that is desired. The technique provides for rapid processing and issue of blood and minimal risk of contamination of the unit. Red blood cells are more readily available than whole blood, and their use, with fresh‐frozen plasma, in exchange transfusion, provides similar advantages, including low potassium content and normal content of procoagulants and bilirubin binding capacity. The method of reconstruction is based on calculations that use empirically determined estimates of average hematocrit and specific gravity of red blood cells and the volumetric flow characteristics of a programmable IBM 2991 Blood Processor. Only the weight of the stored red blood cell unit is required as a measurement at the time of preparing the resuspended cells. Quality‐control studies of the final hematocrit indicates a 2.4 per cent standard deviation from a target value of 55 per

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085756.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The granulocyte adherence assay was investigated as a potential in vitro model of filtration leukapheresis to study the effects produced on the complement system by passing anticoagulated blood through columns packed with nylon fibers. Complement activation per se was found not to be a prerequisite for the simple attachment of neutrophils to nylon fibers in this system, because none of the complement components studied were consumed in blood freely flowing through or incubated within adherence columns. Moreover, concentrations of the B antigenic determinant of C3 were unchanged, an indication that this pivotal component had not been cleaved. Although not required for adherence, complement activation is probably initiated by the process of neutrophil attachment, because chemotactic activity was generated. The precise nature of this activity was not identified, but information from previous studies of filtration leukapheresis and granulocyte adherence suggests the possibility of complement origin.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085757.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The modified CPD‐adenine anticoagulants CPDA‐2 and CPDA‐3 were developed to improve red blood cell storage to 35 days, since CPDA‐1 was found marginal at 35 days in high hematocrit samples. In this study red blood cell storage was extended to 56 days.In vitrocorrelates of viability were monitored to determine the feasibility of evaluatingin vivothe ability of CPDA‐2 and CPDA‐3 to extend storage past 35 days. The data suggest that red blood cells stored up to 56 days may have acceptable viability, providing the possibility of extended storage for the military and certain special civilian

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085758.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case is presented in which anti‐Ytaproduced a moderately accelerated removal of chromium‐labeled Yt(a+) red blood cells (T1/2, 96 hours). Other reported examples of anti‐Yta either have rapidly removed transfused Yt(a+) red blood cells or have permitted apparently normal survival of these cells. In light of this wide variation in in vivo potency of anti‐Yta, it is recommended that chromium red blood cell survival studies be done before transfusion of Yt(a+) red blood cells in sensitized indi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21682085759.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY