ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1983.tb02512.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1983.tb02513.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The surge pump is a device which modifies platelet collection of a blood cell separator so that red and white blood cell contamination is minimized. Plasma collected from the donor is directed back into the centrifuge bowl at 200 ml per min, where it causes platelets to be floated off the red cell‐plasma interface and thus is collected as an almost pure platelet preparation. Fifty plateletapheresis procedures with the surge pump adaptation were compared to 50 procedures using the standard red cell method. Mean (±SD) white cell (>95% lymphocytes) contamination was 5.4 ±3.1 × 10scells per collection with the surge pump and 63.5 ± 10 × 108cells per collection with the standard red cell method (p<0.0001). Mean collection hematocrit was 8.1 ± 2.6% with the standard method and<1% with the surge pump eliminating the need for crossmatch or centrifugation to remove red cells from ABO incompatible platelets. Surge pump collection produced a mean of 4.0 ± 1.6 times 10″ platelets compared to 5.0 ± 2.0 times 1011platelets for the standard method (p<0.01). The mean time per run was 14.8 ± 2.4 min with the surge pump compared with 18.1 ± 3.3 min with the standard method (p<0.001). Therefore, the platelet yield per minute of procedure time was comparable with both methods (surge pump, 37.3 ±11.7 × 10splatelets per min; standard method, 39.2 ± 14.3 X108platelets per min.). Surge pump operation was learned easily by technologists and caused no donor complications. The surge pump is a simple and effective way of minimizing white and red blood cell contamination in platelet collections from the blood cell separator studied without compromising

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224891.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A surge technique has been developed to increase the purity of high‐yield platelet concentrations prepared on a blood processor with the Latham bowl. The surge technique combines elutriation with centrifugal separation, utilizing plasma recirculated from the plasma/air bag back into the centrifuge bowl to elute platelets from the red cell mass. Platelet concentrates prepared by surge collection with six separation cycles (n = 22), contained an average of 3.9±1.4X1011platelets, with0.15±0.11 X109leukocytes, and red cells below the level of detection. The surge technique reduces collection time by 4 minutes per cycle and eliminates the need for a secondary centrifugation; thus, 96 minutes donor processing time would permit eight separation cycles. Platelets collected by the surge technique exhibited unaltered morphology and capacity to take up radioactively labeled serotonin in vitro compared to pre‐apheresis controls. Results from in vitro functional studies also indicate that the capacity of platelets collected with the surge technique to respond to various concentrations of adenosine diphosphate, collagen, and thrombin by aggregation and secretion of both serotonin (dense bodies) and β‐thromboglobulin (α‐granules) was not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from that of pre‐aph

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224892.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new computer‐controlled seal less continuous flow blood cell separator has been developed to harvest platelets, plasma, or leukocytes and perform plasma exchange. One hundred seven platelet collection procedures were performed using an instrument prototype during developmental evaluation of a number of differently configured platelet collection chambers. An average of 3.6 (range 2.6‐5.5) × 1011platelets was collected during a 90‐minute period (blood withdrawl rate, 32 ml/minute) with the best chamber. Only a small number of other cells, from 0.1 to 0.2 times 109white blood cells and 0.7 to 1.0 times 109red cells was collected with the platelets. Total procedure time averaged 115 to 120 minutes and included 5 minutes to install the blood processing pathway, 10 minutes to prime the system under computer control, 5 minutes to return donor erythrocytes at the completion of the procedure, and 5 minutes to remove the processing set and resuspend the platelets. The average donor platelet count declined 48 times103per μ (19%) by the completion of the procedure, and, with the exception of a decline in inorganic phosphorus from 3.4 to 2.5 mg per dl, no unexpected changes in serum chemistry levels were seen.Use of either of two larger separation chambers in a production version of the instrument permitted more rapid blood processing rates (≃45 ml/minute); an average of 4.2 (range 2.1–7.8) × 1011platelets was collected in 90 minutes using a larger chamber designed for platelet separation (n = 164). Platelets could also be collected using the chamber designed for white blood cell collection by omitting the use of hydroxyethyl starch and by selecting the platelet collection computer program rather than the white cell collection program. Using that chamber, an average of 4.3 ± 1.8 times 1011platelets was collected in 90 minutes (56% collection efficiency; n = 31). Leukocyte contamination of platelets was greater using the larger chambers. Infusion of autologous platelets labeled with51Cr demonstrated a 70 percent average recovery and a mean survival of 9.1 days (n = 10). Seven nonalloimmunized thrombocytopenic patients were transfused with platelets collected using the prototype cell separator and an average of 86 percent of the expected number of platelets was present in the circulation 2 hours after transfusion with 63 percent of the cells remaining in the circulation at 24 hours. Template bleeding times were corrected in six of seven recipients following transfusion, and hemostasis was achieved in three bleeding recipients. Therapeutically useful numbers of functionally effective platelets can be collected using this blood processi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224893.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two blood processors (IBM 2997 and Fenwal CS‐3000) were evaluated under similar conditions. Fifty‐four leukapheresis procedures with the 2997 resulted in a mean granulocyte yield of 19.4 × 109(42.5% efficiency), with a mean of 2.1 × 1011platelets (10.9% efficiency) per product. The CS 3000, at a whole blood flow rate of 50 ml/min, yielded a mean of 13.3 × 109granulocytes (39.2% efficiency) and 4.0 × 1011platelets (28.5% efficiency) during 63 leukapheresis procedures. At a flow rate of 60 ml/min, the mean yields of 20 leukapheresis procedures with the CS 3000 were 14.2 × 109granulocytes (30.5% efficiency) and 4.3 × 1011platelets (27.8% efficiency). Thirty‐four plateletpheresis procedures with the 2997 yielded a mean of 3.62 × 1011platelets (53.12% efficiency), and 2.70 × 109white cells. The mean CS‐3000 yield for 88 plateletpheresis procedures was 3.15 × 1011platelets (49.13% efficiency) with a mean white cell content of 0.67 × 109. Granulocyte yields with the 2997 were greater than those obtained

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224894.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Large numbers (2.9 ± 1.2 times 109) of mononuclear cells can be obtained from Incidental samples collected during routine plateletapheresis. We conducted studies comparing characteristics and functions of mononuclear cells derived from venous blood samples and from routine plateletapheresis in the same normal donors. Cell viability was similar in both samples (96 ± 1% plateletapheresis vs 97 ± 2% venous blood). Higher concentration of monocytes were observed in the plateletapheresis samples (32.3 ± 6%) than in the venous blood (14.3 ± 4%). The procedure of plateletapheresis does not seem to alter lymphocyte or monocyte function. Thus, the functional integrity of these cell populations was demonstrated in terms of natural killer cell activity, blastogenic response to mitogens, local graft‐versus‐host reactions, monocyte‐mediated antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity against human red cells, monocyte‐mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity, latex phagocytosis, and monocyte‐dependent lymphocyte blastogenesis. We conclude that monocytes and lymphocytes obtained during routine plateletapheresis are fun

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224895.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1983.tb02519.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Extension of the storage time of platelet concentrates in a satellite bag which is part of a new blood bag system was studied by reinfusing autologous51Cr‐labeled platelets into normal volunteers, and measuring postinfusion platelet counts and bleeding times in patients requiring platelet transfusions. This satellite bag, made of polyvinylchloride plasticized with a new agent, was found to protect platelet concentrates against fall of pH better than other containers studied. This protection was felt to be due to the greater gas permeability of the new plastic. Mean in vivo recovery and half‐life (greater than 31% and 3.3 days, respectively) of autologous reinf used platelets were satisfactory following 5 days of storage. Following 7 days of storage, mean recovery was 41 percent and half‐life was 2.8 days. Peripheral platelet count increments in patients following platelet transfusions with concentrates stored 4 to 7 days in the new plastic were comparable to increments following transfusion of platelets stored 2 to 3 days in the other plastics studied. Bleeding times shortened in three of four patients receiving platelet concentrates stored from 4 to 6 days in the new plastic. Platelet concentrates stored in the new bag at 20 to 24 ° C with flat‐bed or elliptical agitation could be transfused for up to 5 days following phlebotomy with acceptable clinical results. The new plastic container is promising for storage of platelet concentrates for up to 7 days. Due to the higher pH of 50‐ml platelet concentrates stored in bags made with the new plastic, the concentrates were superior at any storage interval to those stored in bags made of the other plasti

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1983.23383224896.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1983.tb02521.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY