ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263187.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263188.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263189.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263190.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The 20‐hour posttransfusion platelet count determines transfusion policy for patients requiring platelet support, and yet factors influencing the 20‐hour count have been poorly defined. The clinical factors influencing both the 1‐ and 20‐hour corrected count increment (CCI), were studied in 623 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐unmatched platelet transfusions in 108 patients. The 1‐ and 20‐hour CCIs were highly correlated (r = 0.67, p less than 0.001). On average, the 20‐ hour CCI was 64 percent of the 1‐hour CCI. Multiple linear regression analyses identified splenectomy, bone marrow transplantation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, administration of amphotericin B, palpable spleen, and HLA antibody grade as the major factors influencing the 20‐hour posttransfusion CCI. Platelet‐specific antibodies, number of concurrent antibiotics, clinical bleeding, and temperature did not significantly influence the 20‐hour posttransfusion CCI. The 1‐hour CCI was the only significant factor influencing the 20‐ hour CCI in a regression model containing the 1‐hour CCI and the above factors. Thus, the same clinical factors exert a major influence on the CCI at both 1 and 20 hours after platelet transfusion, with no evidence that any factor has more influence at 20 hours aft

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263191.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1991.tb03249.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Detection of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in recently infected donors is crucial to prevent the transmission of HIV infection via blood products. To determine whether specific antibodies of the IgA or IgM class are present as markers of recent infection in donor specimens that have borderline reactivity on routine enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screening, 15 specimens that were positive by immunoblot were tested for IgA and IgM HIV antibodies. All 15 had detectable IgA HIV antibodies, and 14 had IgM HIV antibodies. The 15 specimens were tested further, each by two independent laboratories, with nine licensed EIAs. Two of the nine EIAs found all 15 units positive in both laboratories; seven EIAs found 1 to 5 of the 15 units negative, for a total of 31 false‐negative results. The results indicated a difference between the sensitivity of EIA kits using only anti‐IgG reagents and of kits using multispecific reagents that react with IgG and other classes of antibody. In a modified procedure, the addition of enzyme‐conjugated anti‐IgA or anti‐IgM to the kit's enzyme‐ conjugated reagent increased the optical density values of most false‐ negative specimens to the positive range. It was concluded that licensed kits vary in reactivity with IgA and IgM HIV antibodies and that sensitivity could be increased by improved detection of these classe

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263192.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1991.tb03251.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new patient and blood unit identification system designed to confirm the identity of crossmatched blood products and that of the intended recipient was evaluated. Six hundred seventy‐two red cell concentrates were transfused to 312 patients. Participating hospital personnel and patients were interviewed regarding the use and benefit of this unique system, which incorporates a “lock‐box” approach to the identification process. The product and procedure were accepted unanimously and enthusiastically, and three potential mistransfusions were avoided by use of the system during the limited period of observation. This type of approach to the identification process affords greater security than conventional practices and minimally burden

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263193.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For convenience, small volumes of platelet concentrate (PC) intended for neonatal patients are often dispensed in syringes. The PC, however, may remain in the syringe for up to several hours before the actual transfusion. As there are few data on the effect of such syringe storage on PCs, the in vitro syringe storage properties of small volumes of 1‐ and 5‐day‐old units, and volume‐reduced units of PC were evaluated. In four separate experiments, PCs were stored in syringes in volumes of 10, 15, or 30 mL for up to 6 hours at 20 to 24 degrees C without agitation. Platelets were evaluated for pH, platelet count, and a variety of biochemical and in vitro functional assays. Results showed that even with the equivalent of a full unit of platelets stored in the syringe for up to 6 hours, the pH did not fall below 6.0. Although there was an increase in lactate production and consumption of glucose, which paralleled the decline in pH, the changes were not greater than those seen in platelets stored up to 5 days in gas‐permeable blood bags. Similar results were seen for PCs stored in syringes for 6 hours at 37 degrees C. All of the pH levels recorded at the end of 6 hours of syringe storage were above the minimum required level of pH 6.0. Data from in vitro platelet assays imply that at any time during their shelf life, PCs can be stored in gas‐impermeable polypropylene syringes for up to 6 hours and can maintain acceptable storage characteristics; in vivo data are needed to confirm these o

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263194.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY