ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070175.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070176.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of white cell depletion of red cells and platelet concentrates on the transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was studied retrospectively in 150 patients treated intensively for acute leukemia or non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. CMV infection was diagnosed on the basis of IgM and IgG antibody responses to CMV late antigen (CMV‐LA). Before cytoreductive therapy for their underlying disease, 59 patients were CMV seronegative and 91 were CMV seropositive. None of the 59 CMV‐seronegative patients showed persistent seroconversion 2 months after the cytoreductive treatment. The comparison group, consisting of 312 cardiac surgery patients, showed a significantly higher incidence of primary CMV infections: 10 of 86 (11.6%, p = 0.004). Twenty‐five percent of the CMV‐seronegative patients and controls had transient IgG antibodies to CMV‐LA without IgM antibodies, which is indicative of antibodies passively acquired via blood products. These results indicate that white cell‐poor blood products carry a very low risk, if any, of CMV transmission. The policy of transfusing white cell‐poor blood products provides a useful alternative to the selection of CMV‐se

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070177.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1989.tb01644.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Red cell transfusions in all patients within specific medical or surgical diagnosis‐related groups (DRGs) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐9‐CM) classes were analyzed by a unique body of data that combined abstracted patient discharge records with the numbers of red cell units transfused. Informative measures of transfusion practice within an ICD‐9‐CM class were the proportion of patients transfused, the mean units transfused per patient, and the ratio of standard deviation to the mean of units transfused. Transfusion frequency plots (percentage of patients against units of red cells transfused per patient) revealed the existence of a modal transfusion frequency, as well as an asymmetric tail on the high frequency side. These and other features make it possible to characterize transfusion practice in specific ICD‐9‐CM classes. The mean units of red cells transfused for all patients in a DRG is a measure of blood resource utilization and should be useful in planning to meet

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070178.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1989.tb01646.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new crosslinking agent, bis‐pyridoxal tetraphosphate, (bis‐PL)P4, was used to prevent dissociation of the hemoglobin (Hb) tetramer. Yields in excess of 75 percent of intramolecularly crosslinked (bis‐PL)P4Hb have been obtained using stoichiometric amounts of the crosslinking reagent. Some functional properties of (bis‐PL)P4Hb have been evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Oxygen affinity was substantially reduced (p50 = 31 torr at 37°C, pH 7.4, pCO2= 40 torr), while the Bohr coefficient was −0.27 of H+per mol of O2. Owing to its right‐shifted dissociation curve, (bis‐PL)P4Hb still yielded a p50 of 15 torr at a low temperature (16°C), as compared with only 3 torr for normal adult Hb (HbA). Clearance of (bis‐PL)P4Hb from plasma was significantly delayed (t½ = 171 min, at a dose of 0.2 g/kg of body weight compared with that of HbA (t½ = 54 min). Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and respiration remained stable or returned to normal values within hours after bolus injection of the hemoglobin. The (bis‐PL)P4Hb wasnotexcreted in the urine, in contrast to HbA (21% of the total dose of HbA appeared in the urine within the first 2 hrs). These results show that the covalent β‐β crosslink prevents the renal excretion of (bis‐PL)P4Hb, thereby significantly prolonging vascular retention. These properties, together with an increased ability to unload O2, make (bis‐PL)P4Hb a promising new candi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070179.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A simple method of accurate quantification of low concentrations of white cells (WBCs) in WBC‐depleted blood components was developed by using propidium iodide (PI) to stain the nuclei of WBCs. The method was validated by correlating the PI‐determined WBC concentrations with those determined with Coulter S‐plus IV counter in units of packed red cells (PRBCs) or random‐donor platelets (RDPs). The correlations were linear and had coefficients of 0.99. The sensitivity of PI staining permitted the detection of concentrations of WBCs as low as 1 cell per μL of RDPs or 11 cells per μL of PRBCs. Therefore, PI staining will be useful in investigating the role of transfused WBC‐depleted blood components in the prevention of primary alloimmunization to HLA antigens, as well in evaluating various new procedures with high efficiency in depleting WBCs from blood

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070180.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To date, most persons joining bone marrow donor registries have been recruited from platelet‐pheresis panels. The potential of recruiting regular blood donors into a bone marrow donor registry (BMDR) was explored. It was found that, with minimal effort, 6.2 percent of the age‐eligible blood donors were recruited. A distinguishing feature of those who joined the BMDR was a history of frequent blood donations. Although local media attention had a major impact on recruitment, even those joining as a result of the publicity usually were regular blood donors. This program has the potential to recruit nearly 8000 volunteers from 120,000 regular blood donors over an 18‐month p

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070181.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate the effect of storage on apheresis platelets collected with a closed‐system blood cell separator, an in vitro investigation was performed, with measurements of pH, lactate, ATP, the ratio of ATP to the total adenine nucleotide content, and adenylate kinase. Unmodified apheresis platelets and apheresis platelets with plasma added were compared with conventional platelets stored in PL‐1240 or PL‐732 plastic containers. During 6 days of storage, there were similar changes in all variables with one exception: the extracellular activity of adenylate kinase was lower in apheresis platelets with plasma than in the other three groups (p<0.01). In vivo studies were carried out with111Indium‐labeled autologous platelets in eight volunteers. Apheresis platelets with 100 mL of plasma added were stored in two 1000‐mL containers (PL‐732) at 22° C during agitation. Platelets from one of the containers were labeled with111Indium and transfused into the volunteer within 24 hours. Platelets from the other container were labeled after 5 days of storage and transfused into the same donor. There were no significant differences between apheresis platelets stored for 1 day and those stored for 5 days: the mean percentage of recovery was 58.4 and 57.6 percent, t½ was 69 and 67 hours, and the survival time was 5.5 and 5.6 days,

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070182.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY