摘要:

As measured by stability ofpH, aggregability, and structure, concentrated platelets are better preserved for 72 hours at 4 C than at 22 C. While survivalin vivo, as determined with51Cr, of platelets stored at room temperature is extremely variable, survival of platelets stored at 4 C is invariably shortened to two to three days. In the treatment of bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients, however, platelets kept at 4 C for 24 to 72 hours are superior to those kept at 22 C with respect to their capacity to shorten the bleeding time and effect hemostasis. The relative ineffectiveness of platelets kept at 22 C for 72 hours appears to be the result of a functional defect which develops during storage at ambient temperature.We suggest that until a means is found to prevent the functional abnormality which develops during storage at 22 C., platelet concentrates should be refrigerated if they are to be stored for 24 hours or longer prior to being transfused.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05442.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐seven children had received neonatal exchange transfusions (one to seven times) with ACD‐adenine red cell concentrate containing 7 mg adenine per 100 ml of blood. They were evaluated in a follow‐up study at about five years of age. The examination comprised a history and physical examination, routine blood and urine examination, urine culture, serum creatinine and pitressin test. In no case could any renal damage be demonstrated. No correlation was found between the number of transfusions with ACD‐adenine blood and the values of serum creatinine and pitress

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05443.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The usefulness of a fully dialyzed albumin in ACD‐saline containing hyroxyethyl starch (HES) for cryoprotection of red blood cells has been investigated.In vitrodamage was as assessed by the amount of hemolysis in the supernatant plasma, saline stability, and autohemolysis at 30 C after resuspension in fresh ACD plasma. Freeze‐thawing hemolysis was reduced to an average of 54 per cent of that of the control when the cells were processed in 14.1 g 100 ml albumin containing 11.7 g 100 ml HES. Higher concentrations of albumin reduced this difference of 46 per cent to 20 per cent. The autohemolysis test gave the best result, when 21.7 g/100 ml albumin was used as HES diluent.Additionally the effect of freeze‐thawing on the cellular levels of ATP and 2,3‐DPG was investigated. The ATP levels in the albumin‐HES processed cells fell to 94 per cent and that of the ACD plasma‐HES cells to 85 per cent of the respective starting values. 2,3‐DPG in the corresponding samples was reduced to 98 and 96 per cent of the initial levels. The differences between cells processed in both media were statistically not significant. Cell membrane deformability was tested by cell filtration. Cells processed in albumin‐HES had a shorter filtration time than those frozen in ACD plasma‐HES and this difference was statisti

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05444.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a search for red blood cell metabolites which would preserve 2,3‐DPG during storage of blood, it was discovered that dihydroxyacetone (DHA) prolonged the maintenance of 2,3‐DPG levels for up to four weeks of storage, compared to about one week for presently used preservatives such as CPD. Four‐week preservation of 2,3‐DPG at normal levels was desired. CPD‐adenine was used as the starting point and a formulation having apHof 7.0 and a DHA concentration of 20 millimoles per liter of blood was developed. The 2,3‐DPG level at four weeks of storage was proportional to DHA concentration in the 5 to 20 mM range. The osmotic fragility, red blood cell ATP levels, and plasma sodium, potassium, and hemoglobin during four weeks of storage in CPD‐adenine‐DHA were similar to those in blood stored

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05445.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Screening for Australia antigen (HBAg) and antibody (HBAb) in normal blood donors and patients with blood disorders or leprosy was performed by both immunodiffusion and complement fixation. HBAg was detected among blood donors, but patients with blood disorders had significantly higher HBAg incidence. HBAb was found to be distinctive in patients with blood disorders. A considerable number of patients were found to have both HBAg and HBAb in their blood. Quantitative measurement of positive HBAg and HBAb was simultaneously made with complement fixation.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05446.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four cases are described in which rapid exchange of large volumes of plasma (3.8–7.1 liters) was performed with the continuous flow centrifuge and unmodified fresh frozen plasma. Emphasis of this report is on the procedures used and the laboratory evaluation of the effects of plasma exchange.The patients received from 1,000 to 4,900 units of heparin and 628 to 1,299 ml of ACD during the procedure but no hemorrhagic complications were encountered. Supplementary calcium was administered to two patients and no clinical complications caused by hypocalcemia were observed. Serum potassium, chloride and bicarbonate were slightly decreased following plasma exchange, and hypernatremia did not occur. With careful evaluation and monitoring of patients, rapid plasma exchange with the continuous flow centrifuge appears to be practical and safe for the patien

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05447.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A patient on quinidine therapy was found to have a positive direct Coombs test and low grade hemolytic anemia without thrombocytopenia. The serum and red cell eluates contained an antibody which reacted by indirect Coombs technic against red cells presensitized with quinidine gluconate. The serum also contained weak anti‐Sda. The hemolytic anemia, anti‐Sda, and positive direct Coombs test disappeared three months after the drug was discontinued. The serologic findings are described. An incidental finding of hemoglobin D is also noted, and its relationship to the hemolysis is conside

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05448.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelet concentrate prepared under routine British blood bank conditions in a closed‐bag‐system was examined for bacteriological contamination. None was found. Platelet concentrate was shown to support free multiplication from minimal inocula of several pathogenic and commensal bacterial species especially at 37 C. It is the authors' opinion that if any platelet concentrate is stored at 22 C and not used immediately after preparation, then it should be screened for bacterial growth by holding a heat sealed segment of tubing containing a representative sample of fluid overnight at 37 C and then preparing a Gram‐stained film for examination before issue of the paren

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride plastic blood bags, is extracted by human blood during storage at 4 C. The rate of extraction (0.25 mg/100 ml/day) suggested that after only two days of storage, a concentration of 0.5 mg/100 ml might be found in human blood. In contrast to this, five platelet concentrates that were stored at 22 C for two days had a calculated DEHP concentration of approximately 19 mg/100 ml. The concentration of DEHP in platelet‐poor plasma was 16.7 mg/100 ml while the platelets were found to contain 37.7 mg/100 ml packed platelet volume. This result might suggest that platelets can preferentially accumulate DEHP. It is not known if such concentrations of DEHP are injurious to humans who receive platelet transfu

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05450.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A method used to increase the utilization of packed red blood cells and components is described. This required the staff of the blood center to visit hospital staff meetings and explain the use of platelet concentrates, cryoprecipitates, fresh frozen plasma, leukocyte‐poor blood, and packed red blood cell

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1973.tb05451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY