摘要:

Review of the 70 transfusion‐associated fatalities reported to the Bureau of Biologics (BOB) between 1976 and 1978 revealed 44 acute hemolytic reactions, two delayed hemolytic reactions, five fatalities associated with acute respiratory failure, two cases of bacterial contamination, one graft‐versus‐host reaction (GVHR), ten cases of hepatitis, and six fatalities not associated with transfusion. Thirty‐eight of 44 acute hemolytic reactions were due to ABO incompatibility. Clerical confusion was the cause of 33 of 37 cases in which error could be

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057154.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The presence of an antibody with specificity against streptomycin‐sensitized red blood cells in the serum of a patient with tuberculous pericarditis is reported. Hemolysis and significant anemia were absent. The antibody appeared to develop together with an evolving warm autoantibody, but was clearly separable from the latter. The streptomycin‐specific antibody was "penicillin‐like" by being totally neutralized in the presence of streptomycin. Red blood cells had to be separately sensitized with streptomycin prior to incubation with the antibody. The antibody cross‐reacted with neomycin‐sensitized cells and was also neutralized by the presence of neomycin. In addition, a possible cross‐reactivity of the streptomycin‐specific antibody and the warm autoantibody is suggested. The association of a drug‐induced antibody and autoimmune antibody of IgG type is most unusual. In our experience, we have encountered only one

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057155.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Microaggregates in various blood preparations were studied, before and after filtration, using an optical scattering (laser) technique which measures number density and size of aggregates in flowing blood. These measurements were comparable to screen filtration pressures. In all blood units, storage increased aggregates in the 20 to 170‐μm range. Whole blood and red blood cells were comparable, while removal of leukocytes and platelets by an inverted spin technique essentially prevented formation of aggregates in all size ranges. Platelet‐depleted units of whole blood also reduced aggregates. Removal of cryoprecipitate did not significantly affect aggregate size distribution; however, blood modified by both platelet and cryoprecipitate removal reduced aggregates. Commercially available microfilters reduced aggregates initially, but some increase ("shedding") occurred with continued use. The optical scattering technique did not require the dilution or red blood cell lysis needed in other techniques. Therefore, this method has potential for aggregate detection inin vivoflowing b

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057156.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The donor records of a hospital blood bank, analyzed from a statistical standpoint, demonstrated a low incidence of vasovagal reactions: 119 in 10,547 donations (1.13%). Donors of younger age and of lower diastolic blood pressure were more prone to reaction. There was no significant sex difference. Higher reaction rates were also associated with first‐time donation, the time of year (spring), and a particular phlebotomist. The low reaction rate and the clearly demonstrated psychologic factors in the present study were attributed to a reflection of the small amount (200 ml) of blood withdrawn. The importance of the phlebotomist‐donor relationship was stres

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057157.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent advances in knowledge of blood groups' polymorphism provide aid to paternity diagnosis. When no exclusion is detected in any of the 20 or more systems available to the laboratory, validation of paternity is recommended. Two indices may be calculated: the proportion of males excluded by the phenotypes of the mother and child, and the probability of paternity of the alleged father. This latter index is based on bayesian process. The different formulations proposed by several authors are compared. The fact that a single exclusion in 20 or more systems needs to be denied or confirmed by indices of paternity is emphasized.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057158.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Functional and metabolic characteristics of fresh and three‐week stored erythrocytes from patients with sickle cell anemia were compared. The storage‐related changes in ATP, 2,3‐DPG, and P50in sickle erythrocytes were similar to those in control (HbA) red blood cells. After storage in CPD, sickle erythrocytes maintained significantly higher levels of 2,3‐DPG (mean 2.20 ± 0.73 mm/ml RBC) than did control cells (mean 0.36 ± 0.13 mm/ml RBC). The posttransfusion recovery and survival of stored SS erythrocytes in autologous recipients and in an animal test system were at least as good as those before storage. Tolerance of the storage lesion by sickle erythrocytes is probably related to their young mean cell age. These results also suggest that the option of autotransfusion should be explored for selected patients with sickle cell disease in special clinical

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057159.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blood use patterns were studied in a setting essentially free of the constraints of shortage, high‐cost, nonreplace‐ment penalties, and high hepatitis risk. Connecticut's hospitals used an average of 0.299 unit of blood per patient discharge in 1978. Interhospital variation was great, with large hospitals using more blood per discharge. The percentages of blood ordered by individual hospitals as red blood cells ranged from 38.9 to 96.2 per cent. Frozen red blood cells were ordered in greater proportion by large hospitals. Relative plasma use was greater in large hospitals, ranging from 0.003 to 0.232 unit per unit of blood. Hospital outdating ranged from 0.1 to 21.3 per cent, with large hospitals outdating proportionately less. Such striking variations suggest that habits and personal preferences may determine the pattern of a hospital's blood use, and, therefore, the costs of blood provision. Statewide from 1971 to 1978, red blood cell ordering increased from 13.8 to 63 per cent of total blood order. Plasma use has increased from 0.025 to 0.130 unit per unit of blood. Blood use per patient discharge has also increased, but more slo

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057160.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The direct antiglobulin test using broad‐spectrum antihuman globulin was spuriously positive for eight subjects (13%) when red blood cells from silicone gel separation tubes were used. These observations demonstrate that serum separator tubes containing silicone gel have limited use in the blood bank and transfusion service, especially when direct antiglobulin tests must be performed. The tests were positive with anti‐C3 reagent, but were negative with anti‐IgG when monospecific anti‐human globulin w

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057161.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A second case of hemolytic disease of the newborn caused byJsasensitization is reported. The child was mildly affected and transfusions were not required. The mother and father are Arabs.Jsawas present in the father, the baby in question, and a sibling. In addition, theFygene was present in both mother and father, and in two of their three children.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057162.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The record cards of 10,000 donors were examined. Of these, 44.5 per cent were women, and women formed the majority of rhesus (Rh)‐negative donors. In addition, 500 donor cards each of male and female donors were examined to obtain information regarding the age of donors when their first donation was given, how many donations were given by each donor, and how long they remained on the panel. The average number of donations per donor was six, given on the average over a four‐year period. The age limits for blood donors are 18 to 64 years. Within these limits, only 5 per cent of the population will be blood donors. Responses to a questionnaire indicated three main reasons for not being current blood donors: lack of time, disqualification on health grounds, and lack of information regarding the time and place of blood donor sessions. The study indicates that publicity to recruit donors should be aimed to appeal to both sexes and that the most desirable age range for new donors is from 20 to 45 years of age. If the present policy of not encouraging individuals 60 years of age or older to be donors were changed to limit new donors to individuals less than 54 years old, the number of donations would be initially decreased by only 4.6 per cent. Any advertising campaign should give more information concerning exact places and times of sessions, and should aim to overcome general disinterest in the need for blood donors and the conviction that a personal donation is not really necessary. It might emphasize that giving up at most, an hour every six months is usually possi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1980.20681057163.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY