摘要:

Serum proteins affect the performance of the manual hexadimethrine bromide (Polybrene) test. Red cells suspended in the low‐ionic medium adhere to the surface of test tubes when centrifuged. This adherence is prevented by serum components apoprotein B, fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, or serum diluted less than 75‐fold, but not by serum albumin or immunoglobulin fractions. A high concentration of serum reduces the sensitivity of the test and destabilizes antibody‐dependent aggregation. Disaggregation time (DT), defined as the time required for antibody‐dependent aggregates to disperse, was used as an indicator of agglutination stability. DT was often shortened when antibodies were in native serums, but could be prolonged if serums were diluted with 0.85 percent saline. Other factors that influenced DT included antibody concentration, temperature, specificity, and sources of antibodies within specificities. When antibodies were present in a mixture, they produced various DTs related to individual specificities. Determination of these differences allowed the successful identification of multiple antibodies. The procedure, called differential disaggregation time, was also used for typing red cells coated by autoantibodies. Additional modifications improved the performance of the antiglobuli

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264734.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An AutoAnalyzer system was used to study factors that influence the albumin enhancement of agglutination of Rh(D)‐positive red cells by IgG anti‐D. An albumin consisting of trimer and higher oligomer was more efficient than a preparation composed mainly of monomer and dimer. Modification of the hemagglutination‐enhancing property of albumin was obtained by the addition of ligands (octanoate [caprylate] and Reactive Blue 2 [Cibacron Blue]). Irrespective of the polymer content, neither ligand alone had any effect on low‐fatty‐acid albumins. However, when mixtures of octanoate and Cibacron Blue were added to the same albumins, hemagglutination was initially increased, and then diminished with increasing concentrations of ligands. The enhancing property of high‐fatty‐acid, nonpolymerized albumin was markedly reduced by the addition of octanoate or Cibacron Blue. On the other hand, only Cibacron Blue could produce the same inhibitory effect on a polymerized albumin with high fatty acid content. The implication is that the total free fatty acids bound and polymer content are two independent variables that can affect the performance of an albumin as a hemagglutina

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264735.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The minor red cell sialoglycoproteins‐beta and gamma (also known as glycophorin C)–are believed to be important to the structural integrity of red cells. The absence of sialoglycoproteins alpha and delta, as seen in En(a‐) and S‐s‐U‐ cells, respectively, results in cells with normal morphology, but the absence of sialoglycoproteins beta and gamma is associated with elliptocytosis. However, cells that lack Gerbich (Ge) antigens but have an abnormal sialoglycoprotein reactive with antibodies to beta have normal morphology. The authors used a monoclonal antibody specific for beta to explore the nature of this abnormal sialoglycoprotein and its interactions with other membrane proteins. The beta‐like sialoglycoprotein of Ge‐Yus‐ red cells appears to react poorly with some antibodies due to steric hindrance by other molecules of sites normally available to immune agglutinins. This steric hindrance is not due to a single interaction with either sialoglycoprotein alpha or delta or band 3. Furthermore, steric hindrance by other molecules does not account for the lack of Ge antige

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264736.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new variant of blood group A, termed Apae, was found as an inherited characteristic in three unrelated white families. Apae was distinguished from other A variants by its agglutination and absorption‐ elution reactions with only certain human anti‐A and ‐A,B serums, by the red cells that reacted with anti‐A from Helix pomatia without the need for enzyme treatment, by enhancement of the latter reaction with bromelinization, and by the presence in the serum of an anti‐A of normal avidity and titer. Apae also reacted strongly with a recently discovered anti‐A agglutinin derived from the seaweed Codium fragile, subspecies atlanticum, but not with a series of other anti‐A lectins. It was concluded that Apae cells express only part of the normal A antigen and that the anti‐A present in the serum does not have an anti

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264737.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anti‐Emm, an antibody to a public red cell antigen, was found in the serums of four Emm‐propositi and in the serum of the Emm‐brother of one of them. Three of the propositi were men, and their antibodies, as well as that of the compatible brother, were believed to be “naturally occurring.” Since there are two Emm‐siblings in one family, Emm is probably an inherited cha

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264738.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An IgG autoantibody with Kx specificity was found in the blood of a 61‐ year‐old white man. The antibody did not cause hemolysis of his own or transfused Kx‐positive red cells. The patient is of common Kell blood type and does not exhibit any clinical or hematologic features of McLeod syn

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264739.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pentoxifylline, a hemorrheologic agent that lowers whole blood viscosity by increasing red cell membrane deformability, recently was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of intermittent claudication. The effect of this drug on the phenotypic expression of red cell blood group antigens was studied with cells collected from six patients with intermittent claudication. After in vivo treatment with pentoxifylline, the serologic expression of the Wrb antigen increased. Comparative studies, using hemagglutination titration techniques, with red cells collected before treatment and 1 month after treatment, showed an increase in titer of at least two tubes and an increase in score of greater than 10 in all six patient samples drawn after treatment. No in vivo serologic changes were observed in any of the other antigens studied (A, B, D, C, E, c, e, M, N, S, s, U, P1, Leb, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, Yta). Protein analysis (sodium‐dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, silver stain) of red cell membranes prepared from blood collected before treatment and 1 month after treatment showed an increase in band density in the 24,000 and 14,000 dalton regions in the samples drawn after treatment. In vitro treatment of red cells with pentoxifylline and one of its major metabolites did not affect the phenotypic expression of any of the antigens studied, including Wr

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264740.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1987.tb01484.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several examples of anti‐U were diluted serially and tested with RN red cells and red cells of various Rh phenotypes from both blacks and whites. The agglutination scores were reduced for U+ red cells from people with RN compared with U+ red cells from whites. U+ red cells from blacks yielded score values greater than red cells from people who inherited RN, but definitely less than U+ red cells from whites. The rank‐correlation coefficient (0.92) indicated a p value of 0.0

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264741.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Red cells depleted of leukocytes by the “spin, cool, and filter” (SCF) method are effective in preventing most febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR). To determine whether red cell concentrates may be centrifuged in a blood center and filtered subsequently at an outlying facility, the authors examined how leukocyte removal was affected by the transport and storage of centrifuged red cells before microaggregate filtration (MAF). One hundred fourteen red cell units were each divided into two aliquots. After centrifugation, one aliquot from each unit was retained in the blood center, and the other was transported on a truck for 2 to 12 hours. Aliquots were stored for variable periods, after which the residual leukocytes were counted. Neither transportation nor storage significantly affected leukocyte removal by MAF. However, an unacceptable proportion of all SCF units failed to meet American Red Cross standards for leukocyte‐poor blood and studies of factors influencing leukocyte depletion were undertaken. A relative centrifugal force of 6700 × g was needed to produce consistently acceptable units when blood was 8 to 15 days old. These results show that making SCF red cells is a practical, inexpensive way for blood centers to provide hospitals with products that prevent most FNHTR; however, each facility that prepares these products must perform quality control car

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264742.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY