ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04672.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent epidemiologic evidence has accumulated indicating that certain chimpanzees and other primates act as carriers of human hepatitis virus. Outbreaks of human hepatitis in which primates have been so implicated are summarized in this paper, and the significant epidemiologic findings are emphasized. Isolations of viral agents from the stools of 25 suspect animals, together with experimental attempts to characterize some of the properties of these agents and to relate them to human hepatitis virus, are described.The paper also gives biochemical and histologic evidence for pathologic involvement of the livers of some of the implicated primates, as a possible consequence of infection by hepatitis virus. Such findings suggest that certain primates may prove useful as experimental hosts for human hepatitis virus.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04673.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serum hepatitis (SH) virus was isolated in tissue culture from the blood of each of the five human volunteers 41 to 90 days following their inoculation with NIH icterogenic plasma pool VI. Six other strains of hepatitis viruses were isolated from patient sources; one from a case of clinical serum hepatitis and the remainder from five (5) cases of clinically diagnosed infectious hepatitis. All agents were grown in human lung cell and rabbit kidney tissue culture systems. SH 204 virus was neutralized by specific rabbit antisera prepared against viruses SH 211, SH 204, SH 210, SH‐Neib, IH‐MJ and IH‐Horst. These antisera at a final dilution of 1:40 neutralized 10 to 1,000 TCID50units of the SH 204 virus. Cross complement fixation tests were carried out with the ten hepatitis viruses against specific rabbit antisera which was prepared against each of the virus agents. Irrespective of the source of isolation of the SH or IH virus, there were no apparent differences in the antigenic structure of the viruses, since all produced a common complement fixing antibody in rabbits immunized with the different viral agents. The complement fixation titers observed ranged from 1:200 to 1:3000. In sharp contrast, normal human serum and normal rabbit kidney and human lung cell tissue culture fluids, when tested against antisera produced to these agents as antigens, fixed complement in a range of titer of only 1:8 to 1:96.Complement fixation tests were carried out against specific antisera for many of the other human enteric viruses. SH virus did not fix complement with specific antisera prepared against Coxsackie, Group B1virus types one to six; Coxsackie, Group A, Virus, type nine; Echo, types one, three, six, eight, 23, 26, 28; Folio viruses, types one, two and three; and Para‐influenza, type three virus. However, the SH virus was found to fix complement with antisera prepared against Echo virus, types two, seven, 24 and 25, but the titers observed ranged only from 1:64 to 1:128. Complement fixing antibodies were also demonstrated in three of 25 normal calf sera tested, but were not demonstrated in normal serum obtained from guinea pigs, rabbits, rhesus monkey, horse, human infant, sheep or cat. Antisera against infectious canine hepatitis virus did not fix complement with the SH virus. Finally, convalescent sera obtained from the volunteers who had been inoculated with the icterogenic plasma pool, demonstrated a high titer of complement fixing antibodies against the S

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04674.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rabbit antibody to chromatographically separated 7S gamma globulin proved to be a potent anti‐gamma globulin reagent, capable of potentiating the serologic activity of blood group antibodies of the 7S gamma globulin class without dependence on complement.Purified proteins of the beta2Aclass caused the production of weak antibodies to gamma globulin and to complement as well as to beta2Aglobulin. Specific anti‐beta2Aserum prepared by absorbing this reagent with cord blood serum appeared incapable of potentiating the serologic activity of the blood group antibodies tested.Purified proteins of the beta2Mclass caused the production of antibodies to gamma globulin and to complement as well as to beta2Mglobulin. Such antisera were of broad spectrum activity. Specific anti‐beta2Mserum prepared by absorption with cord blood serum was found capable of potentiating the serologic activity of only certain examples of anti‐Lewis agglutinins. It can be questioned whether this potentiation was due to specific anti‐19S activity, to cross‐reactivity with 7S gamma globulin or to ot

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04675.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dimethylsulfoxide has been found to afford a major degree of protection to large volumes of human red blood cells against hemolysis from slow freezing and thawing. This protective action appears to be due to reduction of the degree to which solutes concentrate when pure cellular water is partially sequestered in the form of ice.The presence of hypotonic solutes in a DMSO‐containing medium leads to cellular swelling. Cells swollen by such treatment have been found to be vulnerable to damage during storage in the frozen state. This effect has probably been encountered in the past but has not been previously documented as a cause of cellular death from freezing and thawing.A middle road can be found that prevents hemolysis from salt hyperconcentration as well as hemolysis of swollen cells during storage. By this means “units” of packed human red blood cells can be slowly frozen, stored for long periods at –85 C, and thawed with minimal hemolysis.This investigation was supported (in part) by the Public Health Service Research Grant #HE‐05673–03 from the National Heart Institute, and Grant CRTY‐5018 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service. This is publication #1137 of the Cancer Commission of Harva

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04676.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A pair of newborn, clinically normal, diamniotic, dichorionic twins, a group A2boy and a group O girl, were found on routine blood grouping to be chimeras. In each about 85 per cent of the red cells were of the girl's type, O, the chimerism also being evident in the MNSs, Rh, Kell and Kidd systems. Of the girl's cultured white cells 70 per cent were XX, 30 per cent XY, while of the boy's 78 per cent were XX, 22 per cent XY. A greater per cent of the boy's than of the girl's polymorphs had drumsticks, but his polymorphs were more numerous and more mature than hers. The red cell percentages had not changed up to three months after birth.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04677.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the analysis of blood bank work load, the kind of institution whether it serves the community or one hospital, the variety of services offered, the kind of patients involved, and emergency coverage are considered. An attempt is made to determine a safe work load per technical employee. The need for further study of these problems is stressed.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04678.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:An Rh‐Hr Syllabus, 2nd Edition. A. S. Wiener and I. B. Wexler. New York, Grune&Stratton, 196

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1963.tb04681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY