摘要:

Short incubation at 37 C, 80 per cent reduction in ionic concentration and removal of liquid phases after each reaction step, provided the basis for the construction of four new serologic tests for alloantibodies to human erythrocytes. In the first, the incubation fluid was replaced with protamine sulfate to aggregate intensely the evaluated red blood cells. After dispersal by phosphate buffer, residual antibody mediated agglutination could be discerned. As a second method, this low ionic polycation (LIP) test was followed by a normal ionic IgG antiglobulin test (LIP‐AGT). A third method employed low ionic washing of erythrocytes and low ionic antiglobulin serum (LIAGT). Finally, a modified LIP test was conducted entirely under low ionic conditions and followed by a low ionic antiglobulin test (modified LIP‐AGT). LIP, LIP‐AGT and LIAGT were successfully employed for all routine blood bank serology tests. Their sensitivity and impact on blood bank performance are desc

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059800.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to analyze blood utilization by 92,815 transfused patients treated in 300 United States hospitals during 1974. In order to achieve this end, transfused patients were first divided into 349 diagnosis groups. Blood transfusion data for the highest ranking 50 groups in terms of total units administered to patients in the group are presented and discussed, as well as the blood needs of patients in 19 major disease categories such as malignant neoplasm. Blood transfusion is then correlated with the month of the year by presenting the mean number and the total number of units transfused per month for the country as a whole and for each of four geographic regions. Individual diagnosis groups with significant variation in the mean number of units transfused among the months are also listed and discussed. To aid in the interpretation of mean monthly transfusion rates for the various diagnosis groups, a list of operative procedures with significant variation in the quarterly frequency is offered. Diagnosis groups with significant variation in the mean transfusion rate among the four geographic regions are presented with interpretation of the data.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059801.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Optimal regionalization of a blood banking system requires a hierarchical structure based on an analysis of preexisting elements in the region to determine at what level of activity economies of scale, cost effectiveness and efficiency will be greatest. We have applied operations research techniques to segments of the blood service complex. This paper is an overview of the general results of this research. From analysis of the data in each segment, a mathematical response function is developed for such managerial processes as demand forecasting, requirements computation, crossmatch and recycle control at each level of the hierarchy in a regional system. These processes in independent hospital blood banks are contrasted with those in hospital blood banks and transfusion services which are dependent on central blood banks for their supply. An example is presented of a model which is useful in the planning of a regional system. Implementation of these hierarchical models in hospital blood banks can reduce outdating, size of inventories and shortage. In central blood banks, these models can minimize shipment quantities, determine optimal transshipments and the most efficient routing.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059802.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A patient with infectious mononucleosis and immune hemolytic anemia is described. The hemolysis was mediated by the temporary appearance of both a serum IgM anti‐i cold agglutinin and an increase of red blood ceil i antigen. The cold agglutinin had a high titer, low thermal amplitude and cold‐warm hemolytic activ

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059803.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Current FDA regulations require that platelet concentrates must be prepared within four hours of whole blood collection. To determine if this time period was critical for the harvesting of viable platelets and other blood components, whole blood was held at room temperature for four, six or eight hours after which various components were prepared. Our results indicate that up to eight hours storage had no detrimental effect on platelet yield, recovery in vivo or lifespan. AHF activity, supernatant hemoglobin and red blood cell ATP were also unaffected.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059804.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During leukapheresis, the donor undergoes cellular depletion which must be compensated. Moreover, the cellular suspensions obtained contain a certain proportion of granulocyte progenitors that form colonies in agar (CFU‐C). These findings prompted us to investigate the effect of a donation by cytapheresis on the number of circulating CFU‐C present in the donor. Our investigations were carried out on the day the donation was made, and at further fixed dates for a period of six months. Our study covers 25 cases, corticoid premedication was only given to granulocyte donors and not to platelet donors. In the majority of cases, there were no postdonation effects. A few donors had a less stable circulating CFU‐C count than is generally considered normal for a healthy subject. In some, quite wide variations were observed but immature cells never appeared in the circulating

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059805.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A high titer antibody was discovered in a healthy young man of blood group A1R2r. The antibody strongly agglutinated all E positive red blood cells including his own, which had been modified by papain, ficin and bromelin, but only very weakly when modified by trypsin. The antibody was shown to be an IgM antibody. It did not react with unmodified red blood cells.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059806.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 72‐year‐old man with a peptic ulcer received seven units of apparently compatible red blood cells. Six days after the last unit, he had a hemolytic transfusion reaction manifested by high fever, marked fall in hematocrit, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, severe bili‐rubinemia and oliguria. He went on to become uremic, hyperkalemic, anuric and died five days later. Serologic studies showed that the donor and recipient bloods were completely compatible prior to the transfusions and that unexpected antibodies were not detected. The anamnestic response from donor antigens was precipitous even after a latent period of six

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059807.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Improving hemocompatibility is of major interest in extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Changes in numbers and functions of the blood cells during ECC have been ascribed to the nonphysiologk materials of the circuit. In this study, commonly used priming fluids (banked blood, Ringer's lactated solution, gelatin solution and dextran 70 solution) have been investigated for their influence on numbers and functions of canine thrombocytes, leukocytes and erythrocytes. Infusion of banked blood and Ringer's lactated solution did not affect number and function of the thrombocytes, whereas the plasma expanders caused dramatic, but reversible decreases. Leukocyte numbers were also affected, but only gelatin resulted in a decrease of leukocyte function. No effect on erythrocyte numbers was observed. It is concluded that under these experimental circumstances some priming solutions cause acute intravascular aggregation. To obtain the optimal condition for studying the hemocompatibility of ECC, preferably Ringer's lactated solution should be used.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059808.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A transiently occurring anti‐Kell antibody was observed in a 21/2‐year‐old child who had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after recovery from an upper respiratory tract infection. The antibody was probably of the IgM class. There was no history of prior blood transf

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19580059809.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY