ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104091.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A system using ion‐exchange resins for the storage of whole blood was investigated. Blood was collected into CPD, thoroughly mixed and then divided into equal amounts. To one half of the split units, four grams of phosphate charged Amberlite IR‐45 resin were added, while no additions were made to the other split units. Both aliquots were stored at 4 C, adhering to routine blood banking, standards. The blood stored with the resin for up to 28 days maintained high levels of 2,3‐DPG and adequate levels of ATP. This new resin system has several advantages over the present blood preservation technology. There is initial increase in pH that promotes greater glucose utilization. Inorganic phosphate is provided to maintain both ATP and 2,3‐DPG levels. The resin buffers the blood and maintains a narrower pH range for red blood cell enzyme activity. The resin is totally inert, completely filterable and has the ability to adsorb bacteria from the suspending s

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104092.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a study of anti‐N‐like antibodies, we tested sera from 93 hemodialysis patients for hemagglutination reactions with untreated and formaldehyde‐treated reagent red blood cells. Six of 22 sera from patients who had been dialyzed with formaldehyde‐sterilized membranes had anti‐N‐like activity and 20 (91%) specifically agglutinated formaldehyde‐treated red blood cells. Sera from 71 patients dialyzed with disposable membranes neither had anti‐N‐like activity nor agglutinated formaldehyde‐treated red blood cells. The agglutination of formaldehyde‐treated red blood cells by sera from hemodialysis patients was unrelated to MNU phenotypes and, therefore, identified a second serologic specificity, provisionally termed “anti‐formaldehyde.” “Anti‐formaldehyde” was absorbed by and eluted from NN red blood cells as well as from formaldehyde‐treated red blood cells regardless of MNU phenotype. All eluates and sera containing anti‐N‐like activity also agglutinated formaldehyde‐treated red blood cells, typically after the addition of anti‐human serum. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that anti‐N‐like reactions of hemodialysis patients' sera represent crossreactions of formaldehyde related antib

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104093.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We used 140 IgG complement‐fixing blood group alloantibodies of 17 different specificities in tests to determine whether anticomplement antibodies are still necessary in antiglobulin reagents to be used in indirect antiglobulin tests. Anti‐Rh and other IgG noncomple‐ment fixing antibodies were excluded from the study. A polyspecific antiglobulin reagent that contained anti‐IgG and anticomplement antibodies, and an anti‐IgG reagent containing the same level of anti‐IgG as the polyspecific one, were compared. Titrations with some of the antibodies were repeated with only the polyspecific reagent. With each antibody, studies were done with complement activation blocked, and compared with results in which it was allowed to proceed. We found that 42.9 per cent of the antibodies were detected at a higher dilution, and 64.3 per cent of them were detected with a higher titer score, when the polyspecific antiglobulin serum containing anticomplement antibodies was used. We conclude that anticomplement antibodies are indeed still essential for the correct performance of indirect antiglo

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104094.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human granulocytes (PMNL) isolated by continuous flow centriftagatlon leukapheresis (CFCL) were further purified by counterflow centrifugation elutriation (CCE). Studies were conducted to determine the maximal granulocyte capacity of the 4.5‐ml elutriation chamber and to determine the efficiency of granulocyte recovery from CFCL concentrates. The maximal capacity of the elutriation chamber was determined to be 1.30 times 109granulocytes with a 98.8 per cent granulocyte purity and a 51:1 PMNL/RBC ratio. The efficiency of recovery was 82.2 per cent with a 95.1 per cent granulocyte purity and a 68:1 PMNL/RBC ratio. The CCE flow system was designed to allow continuous elutriation runs without need of breakdown time between runs. In four to five hours, approximately 4 to 5 times 109granulocytes can be isolated with purity in excess of 95 per cent.In vitroanalysis of the viability and function of CFCL/CCE‐isolated granulocytes indicates that the morphologic integrity and physiologic function were not comprised as a result of the combined isolation procedure relative to granulocytes isolated by CCE from whole blood samples. Granulocytes were held at 4 to 6 C for 16 to 24 hours in granulocyte storage medium (GSM) plus 20 per cent autologous plasma at concentrations of about 6 times 106PMNL/ml prior toin vitroanaly

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104095.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aggregating response of human platelets stored at 22 C for 72 hours has been studied. Platelets were stored as platelet‐rich plasma in order to maintain the plasma pH essentially constant. The response to ADP and collagen decreased with time, but the decrease was less with relatively high concentrations of the aggregating agents. The response to the lonophore A23187 was essentially unaltered during the storage period. Synergistic aggregation with combinations of ADP, collagen and ionophore A23187 was observed with platelets stored for 72 hours under conditions where singly each of the stimuli caused little or no effect. Stored platelets underwent reversible aggregation over a wide range of ADP concentrations but irreversible aggregation was observed in the presence of nonaggregating concentrations of collagen or ionophore A23187. The inhibition of aggregation by PGE1or cyclic AMP was facilitated as a result of storage. It is suggested that the decreased response toward ADP and collagen reflects a reduced ability on the part of the platelets to mobilize calciu

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104096.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Granulocyte concentrates obtained by discontinuous flow centrifugation (DFC) and continuous flow centrif‐ligation (CFC) were studied. The DFC granulocytes were obtained from a regional center and stored for 24 hours prior to transfusion. The CFC granulocytes were obtained locally and transfused within a few hours. Even at 24 hours, DFC granulocytes had significantly reduced bactericidal capacity, chemi‐luminescence, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, chemo‐taxis and random mobility. Granulocyte kinetics utilizing DF32P and skin windows demonstrated the ability of DFC granulocytes to circulate and migrate into the tissues despite thein vitroabnormalities. Until effective storage techniques for granulocyte preservation became available, rapid transportation and processing from regional centers or local procurement of granulocytes is necessary to transfuse functional granulo

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104097.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sera and questionnaires were evaluated retrospectively from 128 volunteer blood donors whose blood had been implicated in cases of clinically recognized posttransfusion hepatitis in recipients of one‐ or two‐unit blood transfusions between 1971 and 1977. Serologic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were found in 23 per cent, compared to 9.7 per cent of 3,230 prospective blood donors. The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus was similar among implicated donors (44%), prospective donors (58%), and among those implicated donors with (41%) and without (44%) HBV markers. Among implicated donors, none had a history at the time of donation of having had clinically recognizable hepatitis, 93 per cent had no history of prior blood transfusion, and 80 per cent had normal hepatic enzymes. Data from this study confirm that non‐A, non‐B hepatitis has been a common form of posttransfusion hepatitis in recent years, since 77 per cent of these implicated donors had no HBV serologic markers. In addition, these donors could not be distinguished by age, race, sex, history of clinical hepatitis or of prior blood transfusion, or in most cases by hepatic enzyme

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104098.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelets processed for transfusion are routinely subjected to centrifugation, mechanical agitation and storage at either room temperature or 4 C. To evaluate morphologic changes associated with standard blood bank conditions, platelet units were grouped into four categories: linear agitation at room temperature, agitation at a 90° arc with a Hemolater at room temperature, agitation at a 360° arc with a commercial platelet agitator, and refrigeration at 4 C without agitation. Cold (4 C) preservation resulted in a surprisingly good preservation of platelet ultrastructure, even at 72 hours of storage. By contrast, harsh linear agitation at room temperature brought about marked alterations in platelet ultrastructure beginning at 24 hours. The Hemolator agitator with 90° arc was associated with good preservation of platelet organelles even at 72 hours, whereas marked degenerative changes were observed at this time in platelets processed with a commercial agitator with a 360° arc. These results indicate that platelets stored at 4 C or processed at room temperature with an agitator with 90° arc show the best preservation of ultrastruc

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104099.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A system of weekly turnover of blood inventory has been shown capable of reducing outdating in small hospitals. One problem is ensuring the return of unused blood at the end of the first week. Outdating becomes intolerable if the blood is returned to the blood center after two weeks.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1979.19680104100.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY