ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160573.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The risk of abbreviating the major crossmatch in urgent situations by issuing blood after an “immediate spin” phase was evaluated by a retrospective study of 82,647 crossmatches performed on serum from approximately 13,950 patients. Although the initial screening test for unexpected antibodies for all patients failed to show agglutination or hemolysis of the reagent red blood cells, agglutination was subsequently noted during at least one crossmatch performed for 148 of them. Further evaluation of these patients' serums indicated that most positive reactions were due to weakly reactive low thermal amplitude antibodies. Eight of the incompatible crossmatches were related to antibodies in the Kell, Kidd or Rh systems, and a ninth antibody, anti‐E, was identified through subsequent evaluation of a cold antibody‐induced crossmatch incompatibility. Issuance of blood in urgent situations after an “immediate spin” phase of the crossmatch, for patients whose red blood cells have been typed, and whose serums have been screened for unexpected antibodies, has a low le

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160574.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten severely burned (>50% BSA) pediatric and young adult patients developed 19 episodes of clinical sepsis of four or more days duration. During eight of the 19 septic episodes the patients received granulocyte transfusions (median, four; range, two to seven). Risk variables, types and prevalence of infections, mainlyPseudomonas aeruginosaand antibiotic regimens were similar for all the septic episodes studied. All eight episodes (100 per cent) resolved in the transfused group while eight of 11 (72 per cent) episodes resolved in the nontransfused group. Patients survived four episodes of ecthyma gangrenosum when granulocyte transfusions were used and the single episode in which they were not used was fatal. Granulocyte transfusions may he helpful in severely burned patients with sepsis.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160575.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anti‐A and anti‐K have been found in the serum of a 20‐day‐old child who had not been transfused but who was acutely ill withE. colienterocolitis. Both antibodies arc IgM proteins. The mother's serum does not contain either antibody and the anti‐A and anti‐K in the infant's serum are not of maternal origin. Both parents and the child are of the Kell pheno‐type K–k+. Stool cultures made from the child yieldedE. coliO 125:B15, an uncommon B‐variant pathogenic coliform. Cell‐free preparations made from broth cultures of this organism have strong specific inhibitory activity against IgM anti‐A and anti‐K, and both antigens have been identified on the bacterial cells. At age 3 months the child had made a clinical recovery, stool cultures showed no pathogenic coliforms, and anti‐A and anti‐K were no longer detectable in her serum. These data indicate that absorption of metabolites with A‐like and K‐like activity produced by a pathogenic coliform in the intestinal tract were responsible for the appearance of apparent naturally occurring anti‐

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160576.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many persons who are of a “deletion” or “null” phenotype with regard to a particular blood group system, form a complex specificity antibody or mixture of antibodies, when immunized. Recently, we demonstrated that M.E.P., the En(a–), Wr(a – b–)proposita in a family described by Darnborough has at least, anti‐Enaand anti‐Wrbin her serum. We suggested that the same two antibodies might be present in the serum of G.W., the En(a–), Wr(a–b–) propositus in the family reported by Furuhjelmet al.We have now been able to confirm that G.W.‘s serum does contain antiEnaand anti‐Wrband that the antibodies can be separated by adsorption. Because, at this time, it is not known if En(a–), Wr(a–b–) people lack other common antigens from their red blood cells, the possibility remains that the anti‐Ena, separated from the anti‐Wrb, might be a mixture of antibodies. These findings are important in that they show that reported typings for Enawere actually performed with mixtures of at least anti‐Enaand anti‐Wrb. Anti‐Ena, lacking anti Wrb, can be made only by adsorption of a serum containing the two antibodies, onto En(a+), Wr(a + b–) red blood c

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160577.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of delaying blood processing for six hours while maintaining it at ambient temperature was investigated. Blood drawn from volunteers on two occasions was processed immediately (I) or after a six‐hour delay (D). The effects of the delay on the efficacy and safety of red blood cells, platelet concentrates and cryoprecipitable AHF were studied. There was a more rapid decrease in 2,3‐DPG in the delayed group during 21 days of refrigerated storage. ATP levels declined at similar rates. 24‐hour survival of51CR‐labeled autologous cells was slightly better (p = .05) in the (I) group but excellent for both. Total platelets, per cent recovery and pH at 72 hours were identical for both groups. All cultures were sterile. There was no difference in total AHF recovered or per cent recovery between the two groups. To increase the availability of blood components, a six‐hour processing delay seems

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160578.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 393 platelet transfusions, administered on the pediatric service at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute between March, 1973, to December, 1974, were reviewed. Of these 64 were administered on indications of hemorrhage or surgery, while 324 were administered prophylactically. In only 33 per cent was an adequate platelet rise seen, and in only 40 per cent of those bleeding was the bleeding controlled. The primary factor precluding the success was the number of previously administered platelet transfusions. Infection, the use of random or single donors, and ABO matching had no effect on the outcome, but this was not accentuated in the bleeding patients. Surprisingly, transfusions in patients with leukemia resulted in greater success than transfusions in patients with solid tumors. The lower the platelet count prior to transfusion, the less likely the transfusion was to be successful.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160579.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A previously untransfused 20‐year‐old man presented with a seven day history of malaise, fatigue, jaundice, dark urine and splenomegaly. Hemolytic anemia was indicated by a hemoglobin of 8.7 mg/dl, reticulocyte count 8 per cent, Lactic dehydrogenase 389 iu/L, bilirubin 4.3 mg/dl (direct 0.1 mg/dl), and undetectable haptoglobins. Tests for nonimmunologic mediated hemolytic anemia were negative. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was repeatedly negative with polyspecific, anti‐IgG, ‐IgA, ‐IgM and anti‐C3 antisera. The patient's serum contained a weak anti‐I, anti‐E strongly reactive by indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and an antibody reactive against all cells tested. The latter antibody reacted weakly by the IAT but strongly against enzyme‐treated cells (Titer 160). Eluates from the patient's red blood cells only reacted with E+ red blood cells. The patient typed E negative. He was treated for warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) with high doses of prednisone. By the twelfth day his response allowed the medication to be tapered and by one month from the onset of treatment laboratory studies had returned to normal. The DAT remained negative, however, following recovery, anti‐E could not be eluted from the red blood cells. Anti‐E remained in his serum and the titer of the enzyme reactive antibody had decreased to 16. It is suggested that the anti‐“E‐like” antibody may represent auto anti‐Hr preferentially reacting with E+ red blood cells. A unique feature in the case is the presence of a specific antibody eluted from cells that appear to lack that antigen in a

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160580.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Computer programs for management of donor information have been developed for the Champaign County Blood Bank, a division of the Regional Health Resource Center, Urbana, Illinois. The system provides the blood bank with reports from the donor files, incorporating the donors' last donation dates, ABO group and Rh factors, memberships in assurance programs, and rare donor information to generate lists to meet either daily or emergency inventory needs. The system was designed to decrease time requirements for donor recruitment, improve donor base sampling, aid in support of special recruitment programs, and provide statistical profiles of the community donor base. Experiences in the development and use of the system indicate requirements for effective development of such systems include careful design, strict monitoring of performance, use of a versatile programming language, and incorporation of program modificationsviastaff‐programmer interaction throughout implementatio

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160581.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human blood can be stored in the liquid state for only 21 days. Although the 21‐day limit appears to have been somewhat arbitrarily set, there is general agreement that quality of blood, especially the red blood cells' oxygen carrying ability and viability declines with age. Lengthening the shelf life could help in reducing out‐dating and shortages. Shortening the shelf life, on the other hand, would make it even more difficult to supply blood needs. This paper studies the effect of varying the blood's life span from 14 to 28 days using a simulation model and collections and utilization data from an actual blood reg

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18278160582.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY