ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1982.tb02033.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An automated antiglobulin test was used to characterize the immunoglobulin class and IgG subclass of red blood cell‐bound antibodies. Immunoglobulin classes and IgG subclasses of some clinically significant antibodies (anti‐D and anti‐CD, anti‐Fy, anti‐ Jka) as well as of clinically insignificant anti‐Chido antibodies were determined. Eighteen anti‐Duffy antibodies were structurally homogeneous, and were mostly composed only of IgG1. Of the 16 anti‐Fya antibodies studied only three had IgG2, and four had IgM molecules. Ten anti‐Jka antibodies were heterogeneous, but all samples were either IgG1 or IgG3, or both. The most prominent immunoglobulin of 12 hyperimmune anti‐Rh (anti‐D and anti‐CD) antibodies was IgG1. Under the conditions of our test, we also detected IgG3 and very low concentrations of IgG2 and IgG4 molecules in

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177133.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An ektacytometer was used to measure red blood cell deformability during blood storage for 42 days at different degrees of cell packing in citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose preservative. Observed changes in deformability were studied in relationship to red blood cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, lipid content, osmotic fragility, and hematocrit during storage. Decrease in whole cell deformability as measured in isotonic medium did not occur until cellular ATP levels were reduced to less than 30 percent of initial values. The rate of deformability loss during storage increased with increased degrees of cell packing because of more rapid substrate depletion. The loss in isotonic deformability was further magnified when deformability measurements were carried out in hypotonic media, suggesting that a reduction in surface area‐to‐volume ratio was the dominant cause of the reduced deformability of stored red blood cells. Marked spherocytosis, decreased membrane lipid content and increased osmotic fragility confirmed loss of membrane surface area during storage. The significantly higher rate of deformability loss observed in packed red blood cells suggests that careful control of storage hematocrit may be necessary to avoid loss of cellular deformability and possibly posttransfusion vi

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177134.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1982.tb02036.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177113.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to determine the frequency and cause of an incompatible crossmatch found in specimens for which the antibody detection test was nonreactive, 261, 136 crossmatches performed on 116,278 patient samples from approximately 46,000 different patients were reviewed. One‐hundred and one patients were identified whose sera were incompatible in at least one crossmatch following a nonreactive antibody detection test. The cause of the incompatibility was determined in 69 of these. Incompatibility was detected only after 37 degrees C incubation and/or after the antiglobulin phase in 36 (52%). Incompatibility was detected after an immediate‐spin and/or incubation at room temperature in 33 (48%). Serologic evaluation did not identify the cause of the incompatibility in 16 of the 101 patients. In eight of these 16 the incompatibility was noted only after 37 degrees C incubation and/or after the antiglobulin phase. Detailed serologic evaluation was not performed on 16 of the 101 patients (all of whose sera were incompatible with only 1 donor unit). In 12 of these 16, the incompatibility was detected only after the antiglobulin ph

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177114.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The investigation of a patient blood sample showing a discrepancy between cell grouping and serum confirmation demonstrated a serum agglutinin which reacted with all red blood cells tested when exposed to EDTA. This reaction was 4+ macroscopic at room temperature, 2+ macroscopic with hemolysis at 37 degrees C in albumin, and 1+ macroscopic in the anti‐human globulin phase. Agglutination was abolished following dithiothreitol treatment of the patient's serum or following saline washing of the EDTA‐exposed test cells. The agglutination reaction was not limited to EDTA, but could be produced with polycarboxylic acids (citrate, L‐tartrate, succinate) and monocarboxylic acids (acetate, lactate, propionate, valerate, butyrate). Non‐carboxylic acids and low molecular weight ketones or alcohols failed in the agglutination reaction. This study reports an additional example of an IgM “EDTA dependent agglutinin” and demonstrates the dependence on carboxyl groups for its agglutinati

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177115.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1982.tb02040.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelet concentrates were stored for one, two or three days at 4 degrees C (unagitated) or at room temperature (unagitated and linearly agitated). After washing the concentrates twice at room temperature and then incubating them for 60 minutes at 37 degrees C, the platelet morphology was investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Platelets in freshly prepared concentrates were slightly activated, indicated by some pseudopod formation. Platelets stored at 4 degrees C rapidly lost the normal discoid shape. After three days of storage their surface membranes showed extensive folding, they were slightly vacuolated, and had lost most of their granules. Incubation of cold‐stored platelets at 37 degrees C did not induce return to the discoid shape. Room temperature storage resulted in reversal of the slight initial platelet activation. After three days of unagitated room temperature storage the platelets were slightly more vacuolated than those stored with agitation. Room temperature storage usually resulted in well‐preserved discoid platelets; however, some agitated platelet concentrates stored at room temperature contained a high proportion of odd shaped cells. This finding could not be correlated with pH change. The failure of platelets stored at 4 degrees C to return to the discoid shape after incubation at 37 degrees C could explain their short survival following transfusion. These results also provide a morphologic correlation with the reported slightly better recovery and survival of platelets stored at room temperature with agitation compared with those stored without agitat

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177116.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two to five units of platelet concentrate were frozen together in single bags using glycerol‐glucose as cryoprotective agents and a special freezing plate which produced a reproducible, rapid freezing rate when immersed in liquid nitrogen. After thawing there was no loss in platelets compared to prefreezing controls. Phase microscopic evaluation after thawing, however, demonstrated large numbers of severely damaged platelets and a significant decrease in morphology score. Total ATP levels fell to 37–52% of controls, and thawed platelets did not aggregate with adenosine diphosphate or collagen or undergo release of nucleotides following incubation with thrombin. In vivo recovery one hour after transfusion of autologous platelets administered to patients with leukemia was significantly inferior (p less than 0.025) to results achieved in the same patients with autologous platelets frozen with dimethylsulfoxide. These results indicate that significant damage occurs following freezing and thawing utilizing glycerol‐glucose as cryoprotective agents for frozen platelets and that further investigation is required prior to their clinical use. Blood banks currently interested in platelet cryopreservation for clinical use should utilize dimethylsulfoxide as a cryoprotective

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22282177117.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY