摘要:

A quality‐control procedure to detect inadequately deglycerolized red blood cells is feasible, although the cost‐effectiveness of routinely employing such a test needs to be considered by each individual blood bank. When the standard deglycerolizing protocol is meticulously followed by experienced personnel, the chances of an error that would result in inadequate deglycerolization are remote. The administration of cells with excess residual glycerol can result only in intravascular lysis of the infused cells. However, if a blood bank feels the need for a quality‐control test for deglycerolized red blood cells, resuspending cells in 0.7% NaCl and estimating the per cent hemolysis using a color comparator is a simple and effective

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201792.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Haemonetics Model 50 permits the collection of 500 ml of plasma within an average of 30 minutes, and the donor is never disconnected from his cells. In a detailed assessment of 28 donors, we found no detrimental effect of the procedure. There was no evidence of fibrin split products or complement activation. The plasma showed good recovery of protein with slightly elevated factor VIII levels; citrate levels are only two‐thirds of manual plasmapheresis values. While there was a relatively large number of platelets collected into this plasma, the platelets were small, with a mean diameter of 1.8 μ and poor response to aggregation. Therefore it would appear that this plasma should not be used to make a platelet preparation. Nonetheless, evaluation of this machine indicated that the performance parameters are acceptable and that donor acceptance is exceptional, with widespread enthusiasm for this “new” method of blood do

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201793.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Retrospective analysis of 352 donors who underwent plateletpheresis at least four times, each using the Haemonetics Model 30 Blood Processor, indicated that a postpheresis platelet count of less than 100,000/μl occurred in only 2.7 per cent of phereses. Restricting pheresis to those with a prepheresis platelet count of>150,000/μl would have lowered this to 1.3 per cent and eliminated only 3.7 per cent of donations. The donors' platelet counts returned to baseline approximately four days and rebounded above baseline eight to eleven days after pheresis. To minimize the chance of a donor having a postpheresis platelet count less than 100,000/μl, the prepheresis platelet count should be greater than 150,000/μl. A platelet count greater than 150,000/μl immediately following the previous pheresis can be used instead of the prepheresis platelet count. The yield was related to the prepheresis platelet count, number of cycles, sex, type of procedure (platelet or platelet‐leukapheresis), and the yield recorded during an individual's previous procedures. Seventy‐five per cent of plateletpheresis products contained more than 3.3 × 1011platelets. This might be a satisfactory standard for quality

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201794.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The selection of platelet donors, according to HLA antigens, has been computerized using a method based on the calculation of incompatibilities and risk of immunization between donors and recipients. Since the risk that an antigen present in a donor will immunize an incompatible recipient of known HLA phenotype, an incompatibility score is established and a donor file printed out, ranked according to the degree of incompatibility. The principle of this method is valuable for any other compatibility system and can be easily extended according to the computer potency. The method allows a rapid selection of the most appropriate plateletpheresis donors to avoid immunizing unsensitized patients or to achieve the best degree of compatibility in previously sensitized patients.

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201795.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Granulocytes from dogs obtained by continuous‐flow centrifugation leukapheresis were purified by counterflow centrifugation‐elutriation using a modified rotor and enlarged separation chamber. The separation chamber has a threefold increase in volume capacity, as compared to the commercial Beckman Instruments' separation chamber, and the quantity and purity of the granulocytes recovered are suitable for purified granulocyte transfusion studies in a 10‐kg canine animal model. Transfusion of these cells into cyclophosphamide‐induced neutropenic animals permits an analysis of granulocyte chemotactic ability in terms of migration into skin chambers filled with endotoxin‐activated serum. The purified granulocyte functionin vivowas compared to the activity of granulocytes present in leukapheresis concentrates. The data show that transfused granulocytes isolated by counterflow centrifugation‐ elutriation from leukapheresis concentrates retain identicalin vivochemotactic activity, as compared to granulocytes present in transfused leukapheresis c

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201796.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We prospectively compared the incidence of complications following saline‐washed versus packed red blood cell transfusions, to determine whether routine use of washed red blood cells could reduce significantly the incidence of transfusion reactions. Clinical reports of reactions were evaluated carefully to confirm whether the reaction was caused by transfusion. In 3,799 washed red blood cell transfusions, there were eight confirmed reactions (0.21%). Of 6,359 packed red blood cell transfusions, 31 reactions occurred (0.49%). The difference in incidence of confirmed complications was statistically significant (p<0.03). Administration of washed red blood cells to all patients requiring transfusions can thus be seen to reduce significantly the incidence of adverse reactions. This is likely the result of the removal of leukocytes and plasma achieved by the washing process. The increased safety of washed red blood cells must be weighed against their extra expense to determine their cost‐effectiveness in transfusion ther

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201797.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 19‐year‐old woman who denied previous transfusion or pregnancy delivered a stillborn Rho(D)‐positive male fetus at 38 weeks' gestation. IgG antibodies with the specificities anti‐Rho(D), anti‐ rh”(E), anti‐Jka, and anti‐Ytawere eluted from the fetal red blood cells. In the maternal serum, the antiglobulin titer of anti‐Rho(D) was 1:20,000 and the saline (IgM) titer was 1:1,024. Amniocentesis findings at 36 weeks had suggested only mild, if any, fetal hemolysis, but the stillborn infant showed signs of severe hemolytic disease with cardiac failure. This case appears to represent an unusual augmented immune response to fetal red bl

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201798.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Inosine and ascorbate have been shown to maintain normal 2,3‐DPG levels during three to four weeks of blood storage. With the introduction of CPD‐adenine, which allows five weeks of storage, the desire for 2,3‐DPG maintenance may receive new emphasis. Red blood cell 2,3‐DPG remained at normal or higher levels for six weeks whenever 10 or 15 mM inosine and 10 mM vitamin C (L‐ascorbate) or D‐ascorbate were present in the CPD‐adenine preservative. Provision by inosine of a five‐carbon sugar for 2,3‐DPG synthesis, bypassing the rate‐limiting phosphofructokinase reaction, may allow NADH oxidation by ascorbate to provide an increased supply of substrate for the Rappoport‐Luebering shunt, thus affecting the net increase and m

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201799.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fourteen patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) have been followed for one year after plasma exchange therapy. Exchange was performed prior to splenectomy in eight of nine patients with acute ITP and following splenectomy in five patients with chronic ITP. None with chronic ITP showed a response in platelet count as a result of exchange therapy. Four of the nine with acute ITP had poor responses and required splenectomy because of persistent severe thrombocytopenia. Three of these have responded completely and are in remission. One patient with acute ITP had an equivocal response, with a most recent platelet count of 93,000/μl. The remaining four patients with acute ITP had prompt and complete responses and now have platelet counts above 100,000/μl without steroid treatment. Although the good responses were temporally associated with the use of plasma but not albumin, the data are not sufficient to conclude that a plasma factor must be infused to obtain a satisfactory result. The overall response after one year was about that expected for acute ITP patients treated with prednisone and early splenectomy. Exchange plasmapheresis may be of value in decreasing the number of patients who require splenectomy, but a randomized, prospective study is needed to adequately assess this possibilit

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201800.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The literature related to the effects of hydroxyethyl starch on blood coagulation was reviewed to determine whether or not recipients are placed at risk of hemorrhage or thrombosis. Effects on coagulation observed when blood and HES were mixedin vitrowere trivial and seemed related simply to dilution. HES affected coagulationin vivoin a dose‐ related fashion. When infused in moderate amounts (as employed in leukapheresis), HES rarely, if ever, caused overt bleeding, and only minor changes of laboratory coagulation tests were detected. Following massive infusions, however, a wide variety of laboratory abnormalities were observed, and hemorrhage was documented in some reports. It must be emphasized that information is limited. Not all investigators employed a complete battery of modern techniques; data regarding massive infusions are derived almost exclusively from animal studies; and data are insufficient to determine the effects of HES on thrombosis. Additional studies are required to completely define the relationship between HES and coagulation in ma

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1981.21381201801.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY