ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179037.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179038.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179039.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors studied the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure in 187 hemophiliacs followed for an average of 45 months. Overall, 55 percent developed antibody specific for HIV and 21 percent developed persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. Most patients seroconverted sometime between early 1982 and the end of 1984. Four patients developed acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and four seropositive patients developed idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP). One of the four patients who developed AIDS and three of the four with ITP had preexisting lymphadenopathy. None of the 10 patients with lymphadenopathy or the 20 asymptomatic patients was seropositive for human T‐lymphotropic virus, type I. Although seropositivity and lymphadenopathy have been found in many of the authors’ patients, few have developed clinical disease that can be related to HIV infect

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179040.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Animal transfusion models were established to assess treatment programs for preventing or reversing platelet alloimmunization. Five control baboons given weekly transfusions of radiolabeled platelets from a single unrelated donor became immunized after an average of 2.4 +/− 2.1 transfusions. Similarly, 18 of 21 (86%) dogs given up to eight platelet transfusions from a single unrelated donor became immunized after an average of 2.3 +/− 1.7 transfusions. In six of seven baboons, prednisone or antithymocyte globulin alone or in combination effectively delayed platelet alloimmunization. In contrast, only two of 12 (17%) dogs given prednisone or antithymocyte serum (ATS) resisted alloimmunization. Neither splenectomy nor cyclophosphamide prevented alloimmunization in the baboon. In addition, attempts to reduce the immunogenicity of transfused platelets by inactivating the contaminating leukocytes with gamma radiation or by giving leukocyte‐ poor platelets were of no benefit in dogs. Reversal of platelet alloimmunization was achieved in two of three dogs treated with ATS and procarbazine hydrochloride. However, neither splenectomy, cyclophosphamide, ATS plus prednisone, nor vincristine sulfate produced any improvement. These studies show that the highly immunogenic nature of platelet transfusions in animals makes feasible the study of the prevention and reversal of platelet alloimmuniz

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179010.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a series of 100 bone marrow harvests, the incidence of bacterial contamination of the bone marrow graft was 17 percent. Ex vivo manipulation of some of the grafts prior to infusion may have caused additional bacterial contamination. All isolated bacteria were common skin flora, and no serious sequelae were observed in the patients receiving the culture‐positive bone marrow grafts. Samples of harvested bone marrows purposely contaminated with an isolate of Staphylococcus epidermidis demonstrated a bactericidal property that was maximal early after bone marrow collection. Bone marrow collection and ex vivo manipulation may result in considerable bacterial contamination. Procedures must be developed to assure that marrow collection and processing do not result in clinically significant contaminatio

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179011.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1988.tb05688.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies on 24 Wr(a+b+) and 23 Wr(a−b+) blood samples, using anti‐Wrb in the enzyme‐linked antiglobulin test (ELAT), have shown that Wr(a+b+) red cells bind, on average, a little over half the amount of anti‐Wrb bound by Wr(a−b+) red cells. Similarly, ELAT studies using six different anti‐Wra and 10 Wr(a+b+) samples, as well as red cells from the original Wr(a+b−) proposita, have shown that Wr(a+b+) red cells bind about half the amount of anti‐Wra bound by Wr(a+b−) red cells. Various pitfalls that can arise when the ELAT is used to measure antigen ratios on red cells have been avoided but are described. This conclusive evidence that Wra and Wrb have an antithetical relationship is discussed in light of the knowledge that a ficin‐resistant portion of MN sialoglycoprotein (SGP), when carried in liposomes, can inhibit anti‐Wrb. It is possible that Wra, Wrb, or both may encode a post‐ translational change in MN SGP, or production of transferases that glycosylate membrane lipids that affect in situ orientation of MN SGP, or production of protein band 3 that then forms a complex with MN SGP at the re

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179012.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

St(a+) red cells contain a ficin‐resistant hybrid sialoglycoprotein (SGP) consisting of the amino terminus of Ss sialoglycoprotein (Ss SGP) and the carboxyl terminus of MN sialoglycoprotein (MN SGP). Ficin‐ modified St(a+) but not St(a−) red cells were agglutinated by monoclonal antibodies NN5 (anti‐N) and 31 (detecting a sialic acid‐ dependent determinant on the SGPs). SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed three periodic acid‐Schiff‐staining protein bands in ficin‐modified St(a+) but not St(a−) red cell‐membranes; these bands bound monoclonal antibodies NN5 and 31 on Western blots. Using Scatchard analysis of 125I‐NN5 IgG binding to M+N− red cells, estimates were obtained of 25,000 Ss SGP molecules per red cell per s allele, 33,000 Ss SGP molecules per red cell per S allele, and 75,000 hybrid SGP molecules per red cell per hybrid allele. These results are consistent with the expression of the hybrid SGP gene at a level intermediate between the MN SGP gene and the Ss SGP gene. Monoclonal antibodies NN5 and 31 may be useful in screening ficin‐treated red ce

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179013.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Previous studies of platelet membrane glycoproteins during blood bank storage have reported conflicting results. This study assessed two major plasma membrane glycoproteins (GP Ib and GP IIb), an alpha‐ granule membrane protein (GMP‐140), and the concentration of platelet membrane microparticles in cell‐free plasma during routine hospital blood bank platelet storage. 125I‐monoclonal antibody binding was used to measure membrane glycoproteins on the surface of intact platelets and to measure the concentration of membrane microparticles in cell‐ free plasma. Platelet concentrates were stored at room temperature in polyolefin bags for 7 days. In this blood bank, two types of rotators are routinely used for platelet concentrate storage: a 2‐rpm circular tumbler rotator and a 6‐rpm elliptical rotator. Different results were obtained with the rotators. With the tumbler rotator, there was no loss of platelets and antibody binding to GP Ib remained normal. With the elliptical rotator, one third of platelets were lost into clumps during storage, and a 50 percent decrease of antibody binding to GP Ib occurred in the remaining single platelets. There was no loss of antibody binding to GP IIb with either rotator. Antibody binding to GMP‐ 140 increased equally in both rotators indicating that the remaining single platelets had secreted about 16 percent of their alpha‐granule contents. The plasma concentration of platelet membrane microparticles was greater in the bags stored in the elliptical rotator. These results indicate that it is possible to maintain the normal concentration of platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb during 7 days of room‐ temperature blood bank storage.(ABSTRACT TRU

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28288179014.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY