ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337323.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337324.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Baumgartner perfusion technique was used as an experimental model to study the combined influence of red cell (RBC) and platelet counts on the interaction of platelets with the subendothelium. At normal hematocrit and a platelet count of 100,000 per microliter, platelet adhesion and platelet aggregate (PAG) formation on subendothelium were statistically decreased. At lower platelet counts (50,000/μliter), there was an even more marked reduction in the formation of PAGs. The critical role of RBCs was demonstrated in experiments at low hematocrit; the formation of PAGs was impaired in perfusions at 20 percent hematocrit at any platelet count tested. Platelet deposition on subendothelium was almost absent at 50,000 platelets per μliter, suggesting a negative synergistic effect for the association of low hematocrit (20%) with a low platelet count. Perfusion experiments carried out with nonanticoagulated blood drawn directly from anemic patients with mild thrombocytopenia (43,000–58,000 platelets/μliter) before and after RBC transfusion were in agreement with previous experiments that indicated that normalization of both platelet count and hematocrit is required to achieve optimum hemostasis. Our data give experimental support for the transfusional management of patients with anemia and thrombocytop

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337325.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blood donors reactive by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who showed atypical patterns of viral core protein reactivity on Western blot were monitored for several months. Characterization of their antibodies was performed by 1) use of recombinant HIV proteins; 2) determination of cross‐ reactivity to HTLV‐I, HTLV‐II, and HTLV‐IV: 3) assessment of immune status; and 4) identification of potentially interfering autoantibodies. Nineteen of 20 donors maintained the same HIV antibody reactivity throughout the follow‐up period; the other donor became fully antibody‐positive. Eighteen of 20 donors' sera showed clear reactivity with HIV recombinant core proteins. Ten of 19 donor samples demonstrated cross‐reactivity to HTLV‐IV; 3 of these 10 also cross‐ reacted with HTLV‐I. The immune status of all donors was normal, although the medical histories and HLA antibody screens suggested possible autoimmune reactivity in 9 of 18 donors. During follow‐up interviews, three donors reported possible risk factors for HIV infection that had not been acknowledged at the time of blood donation. We conclude that exclusion of donors with these atypical serologic test results is warranted while further studies to determine significa

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337326.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recipients of untested blood from donors who at a subsequent donation were positive for HIV antibody by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were evaluated, whether the result on Western blot (WB) assay was negative (EIA+/WB‐) or positive (EIA+/WB+). For 109 EIA+/WB‐ donors, 78 recipients were tested for HIV antibody, and 3 (4%) were positive. Two of the three anti‐HIV‐positive recipients had clotting disorders, and the other had been massively transfused; in each of these three cases, subsequent test data exonerated the EIA+/WB− donor. For 101 current EIA+/WB+ donors, 35 recipients were tested for HIV antibody, and 13 (37%) were positive. For donors subsequently found to be EIA+/WB+, the rate of isolation of HIV was the same whether the recipients were anti‐ HIV‐positive or anti‐HIV‐negative (each, 5/6). While recipients of blood from donors subsequently found to be EIA+/WB+ were at substantial risk for HIV infection, regardless of the donor's subsequent HIV culture result, risk of HIV infection was not demonstrated for recipients of blood from donors later fou

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337327.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Female blood donors with low hematocrit levels detected by copper sulfate screening were selected randomly to receive either 75 mg of iron per day, as ferrous gluconate, or a calcium phosphate placebo. Their ferritin, serum iron, total iron‐binding capacity, zinc protoporphyrin, and hemoglobin values, as well as their suitability to donate blood, were determined initially (Visit 1) and at four follow‐up visits (Visits 2–5). By the second visit, the serum ferritin and iron values of donors receiving iron supplementation differed significantly from those of donors receiving placebo. By the fifth visit, a less marked but significant increase in hemoglobin had occurred in the iron group, but not in the placebo group. At no time was there a significant difference between the groups' suitability to donate blood, with each group donating at almost half of their visits. The authors conclude that iron supplementation at this dose level in deferred female blood donors improves their iron status and hemoglobin levels, but does not significantly increase their suitability to donate blood as compared with the suitability of placebo‐treated

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337328.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An 86‐year‐old white American woman was found to have a very rare red cell phenotype, the Inab phenotype. Her cells were Cr(a−), Tc(a−b−c−), Dr(a−), Es(a−), WES(a−b−), and IFC‐. Unlike the two other Inab phenotype patients, she has no history of protein‐losing enteropathy or any similar intestinal disorder. One of her four siblings also has the Inab phenotype, providing the first evidence that this phenotype may be inherited. Serum inhibitions showed that anit‐Cra, ‐TCa, ‐Dra, ‐WESb, and ‐IFC are partially inhibited by sera from three siblings with the common red cell phenotype but not by serum from the Inab phenotype sibling. The serum of the proposita contained an antibody to a high‐ frequency antigen that showed characteristics

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337329.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The In(Lu) gene, which inhibits the expression of Lutheran blood group antigens by red cells (RBCs), also down‐regulates the expression of an 80‐kD glycoprotein, In(Lu)‐related p80, by both RBCs and a subset of white cells. This study examined the expression of multiple‐RBC p80 epitopes by autosomal and X‐linked recessive‐type Lu(a−b−) RBCs in order to explore the relationship, if any, between expression of In(Lu)‐ related p80 and Lutheran antigens. Both autosomal and X‐linked types of recessive Lu(a+b−) RBCs expressed near‐normal to increased amounts of p80 antigens, as measured by radioimmunoassay. P80 from both types of recessive Lu(a−b−) RBCs had apparently normal molecular weight in denaturing polyacrylamide gels and showed normal sensitivity to digestion by trypsin and chymotrypsin. Thus, the absence of Lutheran antigens on recessive‐type Lu(a−b−) RBCs is not associated with decreased or absent p80 antigens. Furthermore, the XS2 gene probably does not act via a mechanism similar to that of the In(Lu) gene, since the expression of p80 remains undiminished in X‐

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337330.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1988.tb04172.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Accumulated family information was compiled in an attempt to verify the chromosomal location of the Colton blood group locus (CO). Two‐point linkage analysis of CO and 46 other polymorphic loci excludes CO from 1p36 to 1q23, 3q21 to 3q26, 4q13 to 4q28, 6p24 to 6 cen, and 19p13.2 to 19 cen and from linkage groups bounded by ABO and ORM, PI and IGHG, and HP and GOT2. The dwindling odds of linkage between CO:JK are reinforced (z =−5.28 at theta = 0.20). Close linkage of CO with ACP1 and D2S5 could not be demonstrated. The proposed chromosome 2 location of CO is therefore questio

ISSN:0041-1132    

DOI:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28588337331.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY