摘要:

AbstractThis article describes remedial options for the treatment of heavy metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Treatment of these soils with traditional methods often requires a combination of techniques, resulting in treatment costs that are unacceptable in today's financial climate. A detailed review of relevant remedial technologies is presented, as well as treatability studies for hybrid immobilization, petroleum hydrocarbon reduction, extraction, and soil washing technologies. Our studies and review demonstrate that hybrid immobilization may be suitable for sites where only soluble chemical levels exceed federal or state guidelines; soil washing may provide a viable alternative for sites with appropriate soil characteristics; petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation can potentially reduce soluble lead levels; and extraction processes, though promising, still require some development. Descriptions of the chemical and physical properties of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons in soil and residual levels of these chemicals in soil following treatment are also given.

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfiltration and reinjection of treated groundwater have been used to increase the recovery of pesticide‐related constituents at a pesticide formulation plant that produces consumer pesticide products. The stratigraphy at the site consists of silty and sandy clay deposits overlying a shallow silt, sand, and gravel aquifer. The groundwater and soils in two areas in the northwest portion of the property have been identified as being significantly affected by pesticide and pesticide‐related compounds.An integrated system of soil removal, recovery wells, injection wells, an infiltration gallery, and a cut‐off wall was selected as the best remedial alternative. Groundwater modeling, column tests, biological jar tests, and a pilot test demonstrated the feasibility of the system. The affected groundwater is treated to drinking‐water quality by a system of filtering and carbon adsorption. Approximately 75 percent of the treated water is reinjected or allowed to infiltrate through the vadose zone, and the remainder is discharged to the local sewer system. Initially, the system was effective in removing the dissolved, suspended, and weakly adsorbed constituents. Subsequently, the recovery rate of the chemical constituents became dependent on chemical and physical processes related to the presence of residual amounts of dense, nonaqueous phase liquids and the clay content of the strata. The rate of pesticide recovery has decreased because of the retarding effect of the clay and the low solubility of the pes

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article outlines the general design concepts and new chemistry necessary to achieve truly cost‐effective management of an important part of the hazardous waste incineration system—i.e., the unit operations needed to treat wastewater generated by rotary kiln incinerators burning wastes containing halogens and heavy met

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy (NJDEPE) has been developing cleanup regulations that focus on remediation, rather than extended delineation, and on integrating regulatory requirements with technological developments. To this end, the NJDEPE, under the regulatory aegis of the Environmental Cleanup and Responsibility Act (ECRA), is monitoring an innovative treatment technology pilot test at a TCE‐contaminated ECRA site in Hillsborough, New Jersey. The purpose of the study is to determine the applicability of pneumatic fracturing extraction (PFE) as a source‐removal technique for extracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) trapped informations with low permeability.The technology being pilot tested is pneumatic fracturing extraction, a process for enhancing permeability to promote in‐situ removal and treatment of VOCs. The patented process uses high‐pressure air injected into an isolated subsurface zone at controlled rates and pressures. At a critical point, the geologic material ruptures, and fractures are created that radiate outward from the fracture location. At the pilot test site, formation air flow was increased from 400 percent to 700 percent.PFE is a key component of the overall remediation strategy at the Hillsborough site. Consistent with proposed NJDEPE regulations, a ground‐water pump‐and‐treat system will be installed for plume migration control. Once the pump‐and‐treat system has been established and shown to be effective, a more aggressive source removal program will be implemented using PFE. This program will include construction of a vadose zone PFE system and evaluation of the use of pneumatic fracturing to remove saturated zone residual dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL). Preliminary calculations suggest that if source zone concentrations can be reduced to 10 ppm of TCE, then TCE groundwater concentrations may be reduced to background levels at the property boundary

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has demonstrated a soil washing plant for the treatment of radioactively contaminated soils from two Superfund sites in New Jersey. The plant employs unit operations that are widely used in the processing of minerals and coal. These operations were examined and tested to determine how they would apply to volume reduction of these contaminated soils. In this context, they are considered to be innovative candidates for remediation of other sites with large volumes of soil contaminated with low‐level radioactivity. Laboratory testing of soil characteristics and behavior in unit processes is used to assess the applicability of volume reduction/chemical extraction (VORCE) technology to specific site

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter achieving remediation goals during only thirty‐two months of operation, the first full‐scale in‐situ bioremediation (ISB) system in the state of Missouri was shut down in 1990. In addition to ISB, the system included a combination of soil venting and air stripping to remediate subsurface gasoline contamination at a large manufacturing facility. More than 84,000 pounds of gasoline were degraded or removed from the fractured limestone bedrock aquifer and overburden materials. The successful application of ISB in this complex geologic environment and the fact that this was the first such system to complete remediation in Missouri make this system u

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe U.S. Department of Energy has generated liquid wastes containing radioactive and hazardous chemicals throughout the more than forty years of operation at its Hanford site in Washington State. Many of the waste components, including nitrate and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), have been detected in the Hanford groundwater. In‐situ bioremediation of CCl4and nitrate is being considered to clean the aquifer. Preliminary estimates indicate that this technology should cost significantly less than ex‐situ bioremediation and about the same as air stripping/granular activated carbon. In‐situ bioremediation has the advantage of providing ultimate destruction of the contaminant and requires significantly less remediation time. Currently, a test site is under development. A computer‐aided design tool is being used to design optimal remediation conditions by linking subsurface transport predictions, site characterization data, and microbial growth and contaminant destruction k

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1051-5658    

DOI:10.1002/rem.3440030313

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY