摘要:

Components of a new generation flash flood forecasting system have been developed which utilize interactive computer graphics on a microcomputer, radar estimates of rainfall, and a time—area hydrologic response function. New generation radars in concert with ground‐truthing rain gages, provide a high‐resolution and timely capability for sensing rainfall amounts and distribution. Microcomputer graphics software and hardware aid the processes of rainfall and watershed spatial data management and interactive modeling of flood runoff on a local scale. Merging of radar‐rainfall data sets with computerized maps of an application watershed is demonstrated and selected simulation experiments of flood runoff conducted. The microcomputer graphics system provides advanced capabilities for data entry, editing, and display on lowcost workstation, thus greatly aiding the hydrologic modeling and testing process. Hydrologic simulations were conducted to contrast the effects of radar sensing of rainfall as compared to standard areal averaging techniques. Storm movement and areal resolution simulations were also conducted and the results summarized. Radar estimates of rainfall were found to provide a more accurate representation of the spatial distribution of rainfall than basin averaging tec

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article presents interactive microcomputer‐aided design (MicroCAD) of steel plane trusses. A menu‐driven graphic‐based MicroCAD system has been developed for interactive analysis and design of statically determinate and indeterminate steel trusses using TURBO PASCAL Version 3.0 on an IBM PC with 256K of random access memory (RAM), called TRUSS2P. TRUSS2P makes extensive use of computer graphics for showing various configurations of the truss with or without joint numbering, member numbering, loading, member type numbering, cross sections of the members, and its deformed configuration under various loading conditions. Graphic manipulation capabilities of TRUSS2P are zooming, panning, scaling, rotating, shrinking, and expanding. Among the features of TRUSS2P are on‐line input modification capability, modify input menus, input error check, and automatic data generation and replication for nodal coordinates, member information, and loading on the truss. Member design information can be displayed for each member through split‐screen graphic‐te

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00137.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A computer algorithm, along with a workable program in the BASIC language, is presented by which each floor beam in a multistory building frame, together with the attached columns, may be analyzed as a subassembly. The objective is to obtain results close to those which would otherwise be obtained by a whole frame analysis. With the subassembly analysis method, more trials may be made in the preliminary design stage, although whole frame analysis still needs to be employed when deemed appropriate.The subassembly method may be in first order, or in second order including both column instability and Pdelta effects, allowing the same options as in whole frame analysis. The far ends of the upper columns are assumed to be connected to plates fixed against rotation but free to have sidesway. The connections themselves, however, may be semirigid, rigid, or overrigid, quantitively described by a set of rotation coefficients that may be preset or automatically generated. The far ends of the lower columns are similarly connected, defined by another set of rotation coefficients; but the plates are restrained in both rotation and sidesway. The floor beams have unknown slopes at the columns, as well as an unknown sidesway.Rotation coefficients for various patterns of gravity loads are suggested in the article, and they are automatically generated for combined gravity and lateral loads. They may be taken, too, from any trial or similar whole frame analysis.

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00138.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An interactive program for computer‐aided data management for structural analysis and design programs has been developed. The program provides the ability to create, store, retrieve, and update data files and display the configuration for 2‐D and 3‐D skeletal structures. The unique features of the program include: (1) interactive data entry scheme, (2) full‐screen data management ability with full cursor control, (3) highlighted single key stroke commands, (4) continuous display of editor commands, (5) well designed screen layout for data entry and management, (6) extensive on‐line prompts, (7) extensive checking of invalid input type, (8) fast scrolling through each screen of data, and (9) ability to display the structure configuration.The program written in turbopascal, may be used with any microcomputer which uses PC‐DOS and requires 96 Kb user memory. An ISM‐PC color graphics (or equivalent) or monochrome system

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00139.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a recent article, Adeli and Balasubramanyam [2] presented a heuristic approach for analysis of bridge trusses subjected to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) moving loads. This procedure is based on the recognition of patterns of influence line diagrams (ILDs) for various members of a bridge truss. The procedure was applied to Pratt trusses. This arricle extends and generalizes the previous work of the authors by applying it to other classes of trusses, i.e., the statically determinate K‐trusses and the statically indeterminate Parker trusses. This approach is significantly more efficient than the bruteforce method of generating the nodal load vectors due to the moving loads positioned at numerous locations along the span and performing numerous structural analyses. Thus, it is particularly suitable for microcomputers. The heuristic approach presented in this article can be easily extended to other classes of bridge trusse

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00140.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The correct analysis of engineering data is crucial for the understanding of the subtleties of any engineering system. Incorrect analysis could result in errors and the misallocation of scarce resources. Appropriate analysis requires that the engineer has a good understanding of the character of the data. Statistical techniques that hide the structure of the data may result in the engineer arriving at the wrong conclusions. Recent developments in the statistical procedures along with computer graphics technology provide the environment and mechanism for obtaining this understanding. This paper reviews some graphical methods that aid in the understanding and presentation of engineering data. Emphasis is given to the interactions between the graphics procedures and statistical methods, and the analysis environment created by combining exploratory data analysis and statistical tests. The graphics methods are illustrated with reference to data on vehicle speed, origin‐destination, average daily traffic flows, and parking lot performance. The associated statistical procedures are descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, distribution fitting, and relationship determinatio

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00141.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00142.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00143.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1093-9687    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8667.1987.tb00144.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY